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Self-evaluation of reading
Bezecná, Andrea ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This diploma thesis investigates the question of the development of reading skills and their relationship with the self-concept of an individual. The teoretical part describes a development of reading literacy from the view of language, because a development of reading closely depends on a language, in which an individual learns to read. Also, it describes a development of reading literacy from the view of variables, which can be found inside of an individual and his environment. Next, we focus on the development of self-concept and self-evaluation, and we describes the specifics of self- evaluation of reading at the end. In the empirical part, we analyse data that were obtained from an Research project of the GAČR, which was carried out in 2013-2015 by members of the working group at the Department of psychology and other specialist from the Department of primary pedagogy and Czech language on College of Education at Charles University in Prague. We analysed of a reading self-evaluation questionnaire of pupils in 3rd and 4th grade of primary school and we compare their scores in the questionnaire with their achievement in a couple of grammar tests which measure two basic components of reading - understanding and decoding. At the end we show examples of case studies of pupil with high and low...
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Dilemma of Choosing the Right University
Frombergerová, Anna ; Presslerová, Pavla (advisor) ; Pavlas Martanová, Veronika (referee)
The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to outline the choice of further education and future career possibilities of interviewed high school students. The research is dedicated to dilemma of choice, which means the students' decision process and to the factor specification, the latter of which due to their involvement influence the process itself. The first theoretical part explains used terms and chosen career theories. The next chapters deal with main factors influencing the students' decision-making process, motivation and specific motivation incentives, such as values and values orientation. The conclusion of theoretical part focuses on decision-making process and on the specific ways of decision-making. The main goal of the empirical part was not only to find out the course of decision-making process in relation to further education choice and career possibilities of questioned students, but also to identify particular factors influencing the students' choices. The empirical part concerns with the methodology of used research. The methodology is based on quantitative processing of fourteen semi-structured interviews. The method of content analysis is applied to working with the data. The empirical part presents and construes obtained data. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Role of human figure drawing in Indicative test of school maturity
Michálková, Anna ; Klusák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
The thesis studies the role of human figure drawing in Orientační test školní zralosti (i. e. Jirasek's Orientation Test of School Readiness). The starting point is the correspondence between human figure drawing and other tasks in both verbal and non-verbal thinking. For the empirical material we have chosen pre-school children results in Orientační test školní zralosti, including the verbal thinking test and Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices. The aim is to examine correspondence of human figure drawing with other tasks taking into account verbal and non-verbal thinking and logical and infralogic operations. The data was collected in two stages with the interval of four months and therefore it is able to assess durability of findings in time. The thesis is beneficial in terms of qualitative analysis of discovered correspondences and also in developing a theory of abilities tested by the test, especially regarding human figure drawing. Last but not least it is helpful in examining similarities and differences in the ability of children to analyse and synthetize. KEY WORDS: school maturity, drawing, figure, man, writing, points, matrices, verbal thinking, non-verbal thinking, logical operations, infralogic operations, analysis, synthesis
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Family and its Importance in a Child's Life
Pilařová, Veronika ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This thesis deals with family education and the importance of family for the child of preschool age. The theoretical part provides expert knowledge of the child of preschool age, family upbringing. Furthermore it describes concepts of family, its functions and finally family in child's drawing. The empirical part is focused on the research study of families and its significance for the child. It emphasizes the time parents spent with children, the family environment and the overall family situation. The research is conducted using interviews with children, mothers and teachers. To underline the entire research I also analyzed children's drawings.
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Spontaneous drawing in preschool age
Kolouchová, Denisa ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
Bachelor thesis is focused on freehand drawing of preschool children. Its aim is to find how present preschoolers draw. The theoretical part deals with the characteristics of preschool children. Then the thesis concentrates on drawing, its development, topics that appear, typology of cartoonists and draw concepts. In the practical part of the thesis I watch, what topics and themes appear in drawing of preschool children. Follow analysis of the emotional experience of children during drawing, drawings frequency and applied techniques. I also explore and describe the typology of cartoonists and concept drawings, which are based on knowledge of literature. At the end of the work I evaluate the results of individual analyzes. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Drawing by parent's wiev
Nováková, Pavlína ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
Bakalářská práce je zaměřena na kresbu předškolních dětí očima rodičů. Cílem práce je zjistit, zda se rodiče zajímají o kresbu svého dítěte, zda mají doma nějaké pomůcky k výtvarným činnostem, zda věnují dostatečnou pozornost detailům v kresbě dítěte a zda si s dítětem o nakresleném obrázku povídají. V teoretické části jsem se zaměřila na předškolní období, kresbu a její vývojová stádia. Krátce jsem se zmínila o rámcovém vzdělávacím programu pro předškolní vzdělávání, který je závazný pro všechna předškolní zařízení. V praktické části jsem dělala výzkumné šetření formou dotazníku pro rodiče. Výzkum proběhl na dvou mateřských školách, z nichž jedna byla na vesnici a druhá byla ve městě. Klíčová slova: kresba, vývoj výtvarného projevu, předškolní věk, rodiče
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Self-esteem of university students with severe hearing disabilities
Bendová, Marie ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This paper deals with self-esteem of university students with hearing impairment. It primarily utilizes a qualitative approach that deals with the analysis of the statements of six respondents. Basic concepts related to self-esteem and an overview of current research are presented in the theoretical part of the paper. In the empirical part, a quantitative test (SLSC-R) is used. However, the main focus of the work lies in application and interpretation of the qualitative method - "authors' questionnaire". This work strives to find and describe factors which are believed to affect self-esteem of the respondents. The paper aims to be a contribution to the psychology of disability, for example, in identifying and describing areas that are believed to be useful for further research.
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Play with toy car from activity psychology approach
Pastíriková, Jana ; Smetáčková, Irena (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
Play with toy car from activity psychology approach This master thesis is aimed at play of preschool children with toy cars. A theoretical base for my research is the activity psychology perspective, which states that play is the leading activity of development in a preschool period. Following this thought, in my thesis I tried to find out, how can the preschool development be leaded by play with toy cars. My thesis contains theoretical and empirical part. In theoretical part I focus on a preschool period and the role of play in it. In this part I also distinguished the activity psychology approach and its concept of play. In empirical part I introduce my own qualitative research aimed at analysis of car toys observed in preschool facility. Based on analysis of play activities to partial units I discovered that toy car play provided motoric, cognitive and social development. What seemed to be important in all three areas was that children purposely complicated their games, which created higher demands for their skills and abilities. Children in their games impersonated various social roles, which included the whole system of activities and relations to other social roles. The rules of their games were mostly implicit and were connected to activity or role which a child impersonated.
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Games of preschool girls and boys
Matoušková, Klára ; Smetáčková, Irena (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
Gender differences between children take an important part in the process of creating their future concept of identity. It is important that people who care about children wouldn't restrict children because of following common gender stereotypes. Many differences between men and women are based on social rules so they are not naturally created. The aim of my work is to determine whether pre - school children are already so clear-cut in gender that it will affect the selection of toys and play or not. Based on developmental theories can be expected that preschoolers have already built the basic gender identity, but they still would be seen as partially changeable. To achieve the goals I used individual interview method with the children and their subsequent structured observations during their free play. Major outcome of my research is that preschool children in the most cases have the same idea like adults about what the girls and boys prefer. Observation of the free play shows that girls are not that strongly decided in gender questions as boys are.
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Work of a school special educational advisor in a school counseling centre
Čechová, Julie ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This thesis concerns the profession of the school special educational advisorr working in a mainstream primary school and his acting in favor of pupils with learning difficulities. The theoretical part describes the group of pupils with whom the school special educational advisor works and possibilities of this work, the cooperation with other partners (teachers, professionals and institutions outside the school and pupils' parents ) in supporting those pupils and the three-stage model of care for pupils at risk in school development. The practical part in the form of qualitative research examines how school special educational advisors acting in primary schools in Prague see themselves in their profession. KEY WORDS: School special educational advisor, school counseling centre, three-stage model of care, special education needs, prevention, diagnostics, intervention
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