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Reading comprehension among pupils at third grafe of elementary schools
Jindrová, Barbora ; Kučerová, Olga (advisor) ; Kucharská, Anna (referee)
The present thesis deals with the issue of reading comprehension of pupils in the 3rd grade of elementary school taught by the Sfumato reading method. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part introduces the concepts of reading, some sub-skills for the development of reading comprehension. We also describe some reading methods used in Czech education, focusing more on the Sfumato reading method. The last chapter is devoted to a reflection on the influence of distance learning on the acquisition of reading by beginning readers. The practical section presents research whose primary aim was to describe the typical developmental level of reading 3rd grade students taught using the Sfumato reading method. The secondary aim was to compare the average performance of pupils of this method with the analytic-synthetic and genetic methods. The research sample consisted of 45 pupils of the 3rd grade of the Sfumato method from a total of 3 primary schools in the Czech Republic. The pupils were administered the PorTex diagnostic battery. The empirical part is divided into descriptive and analytical parts. The descriptive part focuses on the description of the developmental picture of pupils of the 3rd year of the Sfumato method in reading skills. In the analytical part,...
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Balbuties from an adult perspective with a focus on the psychological impact
Vlasáková, Jana ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Švamberk Šauerová, Markéta (referee)
The topic of the thesis Stuttering from the perspective of adults with a focus on the psychological impact was chosen based on the experience of the author, who also knew other people struggling with this speech disorder. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first three chapters are theoretical and the fourth chapter is empirical. The first chapter describes the theoretical background, which includes defining the concepts of communication, speech and language, speech development, communication ability and impaired speech fluency. The second chapter deals with stuttering (balbuties), its origins, its causes, communication a person with stuttering, their emotions and experiences, with which psychological tension and anxiety are related. The third chapter focuses on the psychological aspects of the life experience of stuttering, presenting a core part of the theory of the present thesis. Attention is paid to family, education, employment, social interaction, methods of therapy for stuttering - speech therapy, self-confidence and self-concept. The fourth chapter presents the actual research. It is a qualitative research, semi-structured interview. The aim of the research, methods of data collection, characteristics of the research population and the research situation are presented. The main part...
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Work self-efficacy among teacher students and teachers with a specific learning disability
Lipčáková, Iveta ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Kučerová, Olga (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the topic of self-esteem and self-efficacy among adults who suffer from a specific learning disability. The aim of the research was to find out how a specific learning disability affects the practice of teaching and work self-efficacy of teachers. Based on a research of studies that have been published, a semi-structured interview was prepared and conducted with university students of education and teachers with a specific learning disability. The Ohio Teacher Efficacy Scale (OSTES) questionnaire was also used as an additional method for measuring teachers' work self- efficacy. The results of the research revealed specific difficulties that the respondents faced during their studies at the university. In addition to the ways in which a specific learning disability can limit practice of teaching, the research findings also suggested the positive benefits of the disability. It was found that the respondents have a relatively high work self-efficacy. The research also described the various negative experiences related to the specific learning disability that the respondents encountered during their lifetime. Despite these experiences, the respondents expressed a positive general self-concept.
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Mothers with visual impariment and their experiences
Parkanová, Eva ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
The present bachelor thesis deals with the issues and possible specifics that come up in context within the scope of motherhood when the mother is visually impaired. The aim of this thesis is to compare what is known so far about parenting whilst destitute of vision with the real experiences of specific visually impaired mothers whom I have interviewed. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part consists of three sections. The first section is included in the thesis in order to define visual impairment and to illuminate the specifics of the personality development of the visually impaired individual, focusing on the periods of adolescence and adulthood. The second chapter defines parenting, outlines for the reader the current state of research on the topic of parenting by individuals with visual impairment and presents the essential specifics of this parental role and their children. The third chapter characterizes the prejudice against people with visual impairments, followed by a closer look at the biases against these women and mothers. The empirical section includes findings from a qualitative study. The research method chosen was semi-structured interviews conducted with four mothers with visual impairment from Prague, which were later transcribed...
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Pupil's hyperkinetic disorders from the teacher's point of view
Vaněčková, Adéla ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Švamberk Šauerová, Markéta (referee)
The presented bachelor thesis deals with the issue of educating a pupil with ADHD from the perspective of a teacher who has experience with teaching this pupil. At the same time, it focuses on the second stage of primary school, where, due to a pupil with ADHD, there is a risk that the teacher will have false expectations from him that are not in line with his disorder. For this reason, for the elaboration of this topic, emphasis is placed primarily on the perspective of the teacher, who is an important figure in the pupil's life, having a great influence not only on his school success. The aim of the work is to understand the relationship between teacher and student with ADHD and also to describe the phenomena that have a negative or positive effect on its building. To deepen the knowledge, the work is enriched by the perspective of school psychologists, who, among other things, contributed to the understanding of the issue of educating children, which differ. The theoretical part first mentions basic information about ADHD, including its diagnosis or etiology, but also additional information about the brain of people with ADHD or about the positive aspects of ADHD. The following chapter acquaints the reader with the aspects related to the education of a pupil with ADHD, such as the legislative...
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People with Autism in the Czech society in the last fifty years
Flek, Lukáš ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Kucharská, Anna (referee)
This bachelor thesis tries to describe the autistic life in the Czech Republic during the last decades. It deals with the autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) both of children and adults. The theme is how the autistic people manage(d) everyday acts and necessary affairs, e. g. fFinding a job. I describe the integration of the autistic people into the society too and what stance the society, public institutions and science have (had) on them. The thesis is alsoo focuses d on the legislation connected to ASD and care of autistic people. I also intend to describe the evolution of these aspect in time. The theoretical part is particularly focused on the general ASD features which influence their everyday life and integration in the society. Additionally, the theoretical part already contains particular description of the autistic life of the Czech Republic and abroad, the past and recent times and the view of the autistic individuals and the society. The heart of the empirical part is based are dialogueson interviews with autistic people who narrate their own life story and respond to a set of some in advance given questions. Based on them, I get other information about the autistic life in the Czech Republic.
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Constructing the school counselling department at Royal Elementary School in Prague - a case study
Nováková, Adriana ; Kučerová, Olga (advisor) ; Kucharská, Anna (referee)
The case study describes the process of building a school counselling centre at a particular private school in Prague. The theoretical part provides a professional framework and describes what is the purpose of a school counselling centre, how it is defined in the legislation of Czech republic, who are its members and what is the job description of each of them. However, each school has its own specific needs of the management, teachers and pupils, and the counselling centre should respond to them. The practical section details the steps in the process of setting up a counselling centre and presents a way of thinking and specific questions that the founder may ask. The output of the work is also a proposal for the concept of a school counselling centre as it will operate in this particular school. The work is an inspiration to other schools that are just starting their counselling centres.
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A younger sibling's experience of an older sibling's drug addiction
Růžičková, Johana ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Chrz, Vladimír (referee) ; Hricová, Alena (referee)
This dissertation explores a younger sibling's experience of an older sibling's drug addiction. The aim of the study was to capture the lived experience of living alongside a brother/sister who regularly uses addictive substances. The research section is based on in-depth interviews with nine participants, which were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. As a result, the analyses of the individual interviews provide a detailed description of the development of the relationship before, during and after the addiction, the benefits and costs that this relationship brought and brings to the participants, their perspective on the crisis and light moments of the relationship, their reflection of the family situation and the role played by parents. The way to learn about the meanings that participants attribute to their experience is to focus on their feelings. In the final analysis, common or significant themes are identified, including 1. Ambivalence, 2. Love, 3. Fear, 4. Taking responsibility - having to grow up early, 5. Sadness, compassion and helplessness, 6. Doubts about whether I have done enough, remorse, 7. Lack of attention from parents, and 8. Privation of the possibility of being myself. The study may serve to develop understanding about an often neglected group of siblings.
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Support measures of the first level for primary pupils with potential special educational needs
Valentová, Barbora ; Kucharská, Anna (advisor) ; Kučerová, Olga (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on the production of supportive measures for children who are supposed to suffer some learning disabilities, namely it is concerned with the pupil support plan. The theoretical part briefly mentions the characteristics of younger school age. Every child is different and the beginning of the school attendance reveals if he or she is ready for the school system. Describes possible signs of problems from the perspective of a school performance. The diploma thesis includes possibilities of intervention and support of problem children, it explains intrinsic and extrinsic factors, mentions the important role of a teacher and also cooperation with a family. It explores reasons for supportive measures and describes the situation according to the current legislation. It also defines educational contents in the Framework Educational Programme for Basic Education and briefly gives information about inclusive education. It defines the description of supportive measures and their levels and finally it specifies the term of the pupil support plan with its importance. The aim of the empirical part is an analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of particular pupil support plans based on the interview with elementary school teachers. The content of these interviews are main themes...
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