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Development of new group of potential antituberculotics
Divišová, Hana ; Waisser, Karel (advisor) ; Kolář, Karel (referee)
In this rigorous paper three problems were solved: a) synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of new halogenated salicylanilides substituted in position 4' with branch chain. b) synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of new halogenated 3-(4-alkylphenyl)-1,3-benzoxazine-2,4-(3H)-diones. c) influence of replacement of oxo group by thioxo group in the previously group of compounds. a) It was synthesized 8 halogenated derivatives of 4'-alkylsalicylanilides with branched alkyl chain. These compounds were evaluated in vitro on antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium avium. b) It was synthesized 7 halogenated derivatives of benzoxazinediones with branch chain by reaction of salicylanilides with methylchloroformiate. Antimycobacterial activity of synthesized compounds was evaluated against three different mycobacterial strains. The most active compound was 7- chloro-3-(4-sec-butylphenyl)-1,3-benzoxazine-2,4-(3H)-dione. c) There were synthesized the following compounds: 7-chloro-3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-4-thioxo-2H-1,3- benzoxazine-2(3H)-one, 6-bromo-3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-4-thioxo-2H-1,3-benzoxazine-2(3H)-one, 6- bromo-3-(4-sec-butylphenyl)-4-thioxo-2H-1,3-benzoxazine-2(3H)-one, 6-chloro-3-(4-sec-...
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Application of the Three-Body Problem in the form of exercises
Kolář, Karel ; Šolc, Martin (advisor) ; Franc, Tomáš (referee)
The main topic of this work is the Restricted Three-Body Problem (R3BP) which is illustrated by solving several examples and by simulations in computational system Wolfram Mathematica. The aim is to offer supplemetary material for university students and it can be used also as introduction to this topic for high school students. The first part is dedidated to history of celestial mechanics and to the people who contributed to the development of the R3B Problem. The second chapter consists of simplier tasks with definitions of basic quantities and variables and revision of the undisturbed two-body problem. Subsequent chapters are concentrated to Lagrange points, Jacobi integral, Hill surfaces, tidal force, Tisserand criterion, shape and evolution of close binary stars and other partial tasks.
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Activating Methods and Forms in Chemistry Education Process in context of the Framework Educational Programmmes - aimed to Preliminary of Chemistry Teachers at University
Šulcová, Renata ; Solárová, Marie (advisor) ; Kolář, Karel (referee) ; Klečková, Marta (referee)
í.Introduction The aim for my doctoral thesis makes the complete surway to the situation and state in chemistry education process in different school levóls and makes the research to modem activatin methods, forms and means of education in preparation and praktice of chemistry teachers. My work has been focused mainly on project methods and their effect to chemistry education. Next part has been focused on laboratory experimental activities and other activating methods and their use for fi.rrther education. Ťheséthesis have been completed by available supplements from years 2000 - 2008. It seems to be convenient for practicá use. There are implemented my proffesional activities - practical and educational teachers'preparation at Charles University - Faculty of Science and from my exDenence in secondary schools. In every chapter there are used ideas and thoughts from intemational conferences, discussion classes and from artickles in different magazines and volumes. 2. Nowadays suituatlon and projects in education After the conference in Lisabon in 2000 started in ouÍcountry orientatlon to educational systém, mainly to forming bo|t qualification. That mean', that in chemistry education we need logical system based on skills, communication, team co-operation. experimental topics, public discussion and...
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The real experiment in the preparation of chemistry teachers
Šedivec, Vratislav ; Richtr, Václav (advisor) ; Beneš, Pavel (referee) ; Kolář, Karel (referee)
The thesis deals with the use of a real experiment in the preparation of teachers of chemistry. Maps to the historical development of teaching chemistry in the Czech Republic. In relation to the structure of the experiment, mentions the importance of experimentation of the pupils in the educational process. Further focuses the findings of experimental level students coming from different types of secondary schools questionnaire method between the listeners of the study programme Science Studies at KCH FPE. In the work are handled by some model experiments aimed at monitoring the nitration of organic compounds, used for the preparation of teachers. The processing of the model experiment on the topic of ozonation of unsaturated compounds shows that didactics and technically correct experiment makes it easier to understand and more complex issues.
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The analysis of application knowledge and skills of chemistry curriculum on the secondary medical schools
Vargová, Zuzana ; Solárová, Marie (advisor) ; Kolář, Karel (referee) ; Klečková, Marta (referee)
Key Words secondary medical school, organic compounds, work sheet, textbook, laboratory assistant, nutrition assistant, medical assistant Abstract Tuition of chemistry at medical schools is in many aspects similar to tuition at other secondary schools without focus on chemistry. Nevertheless number of lessons dedicated to chemistry rather proves that chemistry belongs to the essential subjects. The fact that this science is important for medical praxis is supported by the argument that chemistry is taught also at training colleges and universities with medical focus. The ground for the thesis is made by authors real experience gained from long-term work at Secondary Medical School and Training Medical College in Ostrava. As the main goal of the work we set to find out if the students are capable of using their knowledge, skills and habits gained by studying chemistry in the first or potentially second year of the secondary school in professional contexts, which is very often linked to nature compounds. The goals were achieved by research inquiries and stated hypotheses. For the research the questionnaire method was applied and further on also the worksheets and knowledge-focused didactic test which had its base in Framework Study Programme and textbooks in use. Student of medical schools were divided into...
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Correspondence physics competition of MFF UK - its feedback and development
Kolář, Karel ; Žák, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Kopecká, Václava (referee)
Correspondence physics competition of MFF UK - FYKOS - is extracurricular physical educational activity organized by university students for upper secondary school students. FYKOS is organized by Faculty of Mathematics and Physics of Charles University in Prague (MFF UK). FYKOS' main goals are: dissemination of physics, education of upper secondary school students, establishing conditions for creation of social bindings between participants (and organizers) and propagation of possibility of studies at MFF UK. This work is the first complete text about running of FYKOS and it is also the first systematical feedback from FYKOS' participants and FYKOS' organizers. The first part is a description of all FYKOS' activities (correspondence part, camps, FYKOSí Fyziklání and others). The second chapter includes an analysis of statistical survey of FYKOS' participants. Other chapters are dedicated to the description of gathering feedback and its interpretation. The feedback was made in several ways - interviews, web questionnaire and email questionnaire. Special attention was turned to study and professional development of former participants. Acquired knowledge lead up to formulation of possible improvements of FYKOS which are introduced in the last part of this theses. It was discovered that among respondents of...
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Research on effectivity of outreach in physics
Kolář, Karel ; Dolejší, Jiří (advisor) ; Kireš, Marián (referee) ; Kříž, Jan (referee)
The thesis introduces many examples of outreach activities, primarily from the Czech Republic and other European countries. Various possibilities of measure- ments of factors of their effectivity are discussed in the thesis. The used methods were: literature review, conceptual assessment tests - pre- and post-tests (CCI, PPCI), questionnaires (IMI), data analyses of participants of activities, semi-structured interviews (for validation of concept inventories), and the work also has a glimpse of ethnography because the author has organised outreach activities for ten years. The individual chapters of the work are dedicated to: the overview of outreach activities, research methods, translation of the Calculus Concept Inventory (CCI) into Czech, the first steps for developments of the Particle Physics Concept Inven- tory (PPCI), loyalty of participants of competitions, and description of various metrics which can be used for statistical evaluation of events. 1
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New groups of potential antituberculotics with thioxo group
Husáková, Petra ; Waisser, Karel (advisor) ; Kolář, Karel (referee)
. ENGLISH ABSTRACT In the rigorous thesis are described the influence of replacement oxo group for thioxo group in the series of halogenated 3-(4-ethylphenyl)benzoxazine-2,4(3H)-diones and 6-chloro-3- (4-butylphenyl)benzoxazine-2,4(3H)-dione. The starting ethyl (or butyl) salicylanilides were synthesis from substituted salicylic acid and ethyl (or butyl) aniline in toluene by the presence of phosphorus trichloride. (The set of halogenated salicyl acids compounds: 4-chloro-, 5-chloro-, 5- bromo- and 3,5-dibromosalicylic acid). The halogenated 4'-ethylsalicylanilides were reacted in dry pyridine with methyl-chloroformiate to form 3-(4-ethylphenyl)benzoxazine-2,4(3H)-diones. Similar were prepared 6-chloro-3-(4-butylphenyl)benzoxazine-2,4(3H)-diones. The mixture of 3- (4-ethyphenyl)-4-thioxo-2H-1,3-benzoxazine-2(3H)-one and 3-(4-ethylphenyl)-2H-1,3- benzoxazine-2,4(3H)-dithione was prepared by the reaction of the halogenated 3-(4- ethylphenyl)- 2H-1,3-benzoxazine-2,4(3H)-diones with phosphorus pentasulfide. The products were separated by chromatography. The 3-(4-ethylphenyl)-6-chloro-4-thioxo-2H-1,3- benzoxazine-2(3H)-ones and 6-chloro-3-(4-ethylphenyl)-2H-1,3-benzoxazine-2,4(3H)-dithiones were prepared by similar way. The compounds were tested in vitro for antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium...
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The analysis of the textbooks and the creating of the learning texts about the thematic unit of carbohydrates and their metabolism for the gymnasial grammar schools
Šmídl, Milan ; Škoda, Jiří (advisor) ; Kolář, Karel (referee) ; Solárová, Marie (referee)
1 Abstract: The main parameters describing content and the accessibility of information from textbooks are many aspects such as text difficulty and others. Individual characteristics of pupils - that are represented by chosen student preconceptions and misconceptions - also belong to key factors. The providing of the comprehensive view of the issues regarding analysis and the linking of acquired pieces of knowledge with the practical textbook creation have been the main aims of this dissertation. The creation of an instructional text follows the analysis results of the topic carbohydrates and their metabolism in chosen textbooks and the preconception analysis of biochemical terms. The instructional text respects the results of the analysis. The theoretical background of textbook creation (the functions of textbooks, their structure, content, characteristics and investigated parameters) has been described in detail in the theoretical part of this doctoral thesis. It is followed by the survey of the information concerning student preconceptions and the possibilities for their analysis and use in teaching. The aspects of textbooks use from the perspective of pupils, teachers and publishers, as well as the relation of the topic carbohydrates and their metabolism to curriculum documents have been described in...
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Chemistry education at secondary schools of civil engineering in the Czech Republic
Dvořák, Martin ; Čtrnáctová, Hana (advisor) ; Kolář, Karel (referee) ; Rovnaník, Pavel (referee)
Title Chemistry education at secondary schools of civil engineering in the Czech Republic Abstract The goal of this work is to evaluate the chemistry education at secondary schools of civil engineering in the Czech Republic, which provide education of four-year study programs with school leaving exam. At first, question form of data gathering was used at the part of these schools. The general goal was narrowed by analyzing the answers of a questionnaire and the next work was concentrated on creating a study material containing themes of the chemistry of building materials. This material was used during the period of its creation and was modified due to the reactions of the students. The material was then extended with themes of general, inorganic, organic chemistry and biochemistry. The learning material was extended to the form of practice book, which has been used as a main educational tool for the chemistry education. The learning material was evaluated by theoretical methodology and by anonymous questionnaire filled by students. The objective evaluation of the impact of the learning material on the school grades was analyzed through five years. Key words Chemistry of building materials, secondary schools, learning material, workbook.
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