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Biocompatible titanium alloys and theirs application
Hofírek, Michal ; Kohout, Jan (referee) ; Věchet, Stanislav (advisor)
This thesis presents use of titanium alloys in medical applications in form of literature research. In first part the basic properties of titanium as element are discussed as well as its behavior in alloys. Next part focuses on proper explanation of term biocompatibility and sums up specific requirements for alloys used in orthopaedic applications. These properties are shown on alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI and other selected titanium based alloys which are currently being developed.
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Fatigue properties of structural steel 11 523
Kudelka, Martin ; Kohout, Jan (referee) ; Věchet, Stanislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis studies the mechanical properties of steel 11 523 in the state after normalization annealing. Its purpose is an assessment of the structure in material and determination of static and fatigue characteristics. In the theoretical part of thesis, there is explained, how to divide and mark kinds of steel. There is also a mention about basic parameters of material and the main attention is paid to fatigue and its laws. The metallographic analysis, tensile test and the fatigue test were realized in the experimental part of thesis. Experimentally determined values were compared with data in the literature.
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Currency interventions: comparison of czech and suisse central bank.
Kohout, Eduard ; Vejmělek, Jan (advisor) ; Šíma, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis aims at currency interventions executed by Czech and Suisse central bank and their following comparison. Currency interventions became lately monetary instrument that both central banks adopted. Effect of intervention on real economic situation in both countries will be content of this thesis. Because of the scale off the interventions, this issue is still current and it is still publicly debated. First part of this thesis introduces systems of exchange rate arrangements and describes the role of central bank. Second part of this thesis deals with currency interventions in Czech Republic and focuses on intervention impacts on real economics. Third part is devoted to Suisse currency intervention.
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Populačně genetická struktura pstruha obecného jako základ úspěšného obhospodařování lososových vod ve střední Evropě
KOHOUT, Jan
The genetic structure of 25 wild populations and five hatchery stocks from Czech Republic and Slovakia were analysed using mitochondrial (control region) and nuclear DNA (microsatellites, LDH-C1*) markers to elucidate the impact of stocking on central European populations of brown trout and to outline further management strategies. It seems that stocking practices have caused massive hybridisation between the Atlantic and Danube brown trout populations in the middle Danube basin and have led to a loss of among-population genetic variability in Slovakia and Moravia. Certain effect of stocking was detected also in the upper Danube, Vistula, Oder and Elbe River basins. However, the populations from the Elbe River basin keep certain level of among-population variability and seem to be less affected by stocking in comparison with the Danube River basin populations. There are some indications of late or post-Pleistocene penetration of the Atlantic basin trout to the Danube River basin. However, it is not clear to which extent the natural contact participated to the present distribution of Atlantic haplotypes and alleles in the Danube River basin. Samples from lower parts of the Danube River basin were therefore analysed using the same mitochondrial and microsatellite markers. Samples from Aegean Sea basin were included in order to reveal genetic variability of eastern Balkan populations and to estimate an impact of stocking in this area. Very low levels of introgression from Atlantic and other non-indigenous trout were found in the eastern Balkan populations. The genetic differentiation among the populations is substantially higher in this area compared to the central European populations. The populations in headwaters of the Otava River (Elbe River basin) were analysed using microsatellites in order to reveal origin of these populations and evaluate the current management strategies of brown trout in Šumava National Park and Protected Landscape Area. The analysed populations were substantially differentiated from the remaining Elbe River basin populations and there was also certain level of genetic structure within trout from the headwaters of the Otava River associated with isolation by a migration barrier and geographic distance. However, stocking with hatchery trout also contributed to the pattern of genetic variability. The population of Borová Lada hatchery, which is used for stocking in Šumava exhibited higher genetic variability compared to the wild populations and it seems to be of heterogeneous origin. Comparisons of the analysed populations with populations from other areas and results from other studies indicated that mtDNA haplotypes from the lower Danube River and southern Black Sea basins differ considerably from a subclade of the Danubian lineage consisting of haplotypes found so far in the most of the Danube River basin and in the Caspian and Aral Sea basins. The results thus evidence a complex evolutionary history of brown trout in the southern and western parts of the Black Sea basin.
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Analysis and planning of enterprise informatics costs
Kohout, Pavel ; Pour, Jan (advisor) ; Novotný, Ota (referee)
This thesis is focused on ICT costs monitoring and controlling among enterprises, whose purpose is to maximize their market value and to achieve a profit by selling products or offering services and simultaneously these enterprises neither do operate in ICT industry nor banking and similar industries. Purpose of this thesis is to help responsible users with better understanding of causes where and why enterprise ICT cost origin. For this purpose there is formed a pattern for ICT costs monitoring and controlling. This pattern comes into use in enterprises in cases when it is necessary to discover true costs of ICT. The pattern is further convenient for costs controlling and budgeting and it could serve as a basis for ICT cost-effectiveness evaluation. Additional asset of this thesis would be an introduction of cost allocation methods, a software costs categorization in view of an acquiring form, and a description of appropriate budgeting methods.
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Genetic diversity of grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.) populations in the Czech Republic inferred from microsatellite markers
Papoušek, Ivo ; Halačka, Karel ; Kohout, Jan ; Šlechta, Vlastimil ; Vetešník, Lukáš ; Mendel, Jan
The grayling is among the most valuable fish species in salmonid waters of the Czech Republic. Genetic diversity of twelve grayling populations from all three watersheds of the Czech Republic has been assessed by two multiplex analyses of ten microsatellite loci. Allele frequencies and tests of genotype frequencies for deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were carried out. Relationships between respective populations were assessed by Factorial Correspondence Analysis and Principal Coordinate Analysis. Analysis of multilocus microsatellite genotypes from three watersheds of the Czech Republic has shown that significant variability is present in Czech grayling populations. However, this variability has no geographical structure; individuals from all three watersheds form no distinctive groups. It seems that the original genetic structure of Czech grayling populations has already been lost as they have been uniformized by artificial management.
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Population and genetic structure of trout (Salmo trutta) and grayling (Thymallus thymallus) as a basis for a successful fishery management
Halačka, Karel ; Papoušek, Ivo ; Kohout, Jan ; Vetešník, Lukáš ; Lusk, Stanislav ; Mendel, Jan ; Šlechta, Vlastimil
The aim of the study is to contribute to knowledge about population dynamics of our salmonids. The study concentrated particularly on the genetic diversity of Salmo trutta and Thymallus thymallus populations, and also on selected morphological characters. Genetic analyses of the mitochondrial DNA have shown an existence of an extreme uniformity of populations in all three sea-drainage areas. Due to anthropogenic interventions, structure local subpopulations adapted to given local subpopulations, resulting from the natural diversification spanning thousands of years, has been disrupted. All other individuals carried a uniform (Atlantic) haplotype. A comparison study dealing with structure and dynamics of epidermis in S. trutta, O. mykiss, S. fontinalis and T. thymallus has shown significant differences particularly in fraction of the secretory cells. Lower proportion of the secretory cells in T. thymallus could be related to its sensitivity to molds in the post-spawning period.
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