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The Role of Heterogeneous Households in the DSGE model: Application to the Czech Republic
Palas, Michal ; Bobková, Božena (advisor) ; Kukačka, Jiří (referee)
In this thesis, we study the role of non-Ricardian households in an open economy dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model calibrated for the Czech Republic. We show that the presence of non-Ricardian households induces a short-term raise in aggregate consumption in response to a government spending shock. The combination of price and wage rigidities, habit formation, and the open economy design enables a low share of non-Ricardian consumers to be sufficient to predict the positive comovement of government spending and aggregate consumption. We estimate the sensitivity of consumption to changes in disposable income in the Czech Republic, and our results suggest that a significant share of income goes to non- Ricardian households. If the nominal-wage stickiness is assumed, the inclusion of non- Ricardian households does not considerably alter the determinacy of the model, and an interest rate rule satisfying the Taylor principle is sufficient to get a unique stable solution. The overall performance of the model is studied through the analysis of impulse responses to various shocks.
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Portrayal of Children in Komenský, Locke and Rousseau
Šístek, Martin ; Pelcová, Naděžda (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee)
Když jsem se před čtyřmi lety stal oddílovým vedoucím na dětském letním táboře, svářely se v mém prožívání dvě kontrární tendence. Na jedné straně mě práce s dětmi hluboce naplňovala, na straně druhé mě atakoval silný pocit odpovědnosti za svěřence. Nemaje zkušeností, tápal jsem v běžných denních situacích, jak se co nejlépe zachovat, aby se problémy vyřešily pokud možno s nejmenšími možnými zápornými dopady na život dětí. Bezmocnost, kterou pravdivý vychovatel pociťuje před složitou skutečností výchovy, před těmi jejími antinomiemi, které nelze jednou provždy vyřešit, mě přivedla ke studiu pedagogických klasiků. Na rozdíl od deskriptivních dějin pedagogiky umožňuje filosofie výchovy zkoumat pedagogické myslitele ze širšího hlediska. Umožňuje reflexi jejich díla v rámci širších celků. Tato reflexe pak slouží k většímu rozhledu v tíživém chvění oněch výchovných antinomií, které pak už nejsou pravdivým vychovatelem přijímány jen jako prokletí, nýbrž jako odvaha vydávat se na nikdy nekončící dobrodružnou cestu za Pravdou, Krásou a Dobrem, za touto trojicí, kterou výchova v širším i užším smyslu slova zcela jistě je.
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Eritrea and Somaliland - comparison of independence struggle
Lojková, Tereza ; Kváča, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kochan, Jan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to compare efforts of Eritrea and Somaliland to obtain independence and to find out why Eritrea was in independence obtaining succesful and Somaliland not. Chapter 1 offers a basic theoretical background concerning a question of international law and formation of a state. Based on basic international law documents regarding this topic it describes crucial terms and principles. Further it discusses a question of secession justifiability and it concerns also application of theoretical principles in reality. Chapter 2 includes basic geographical information and ethnical characteristics of population of both regions. Chapter 3 briefly describes history of both states from their emergence up to the beginning of fifties of the last century. The aim of this chapter is to describe international and internal influences which formed uniqueness of both regions within parent states which later supported the efforts to obtain independence. Chapter 4 is devoted to a concrete description of both areas' efforts to obtain independence in the second half of 20th century. It focuses mainly on international negotiations regarding future of both countries, formation and development of independence movements and the concrete course of independence declaration. Chapter 5 evaluates the course and results of independence struggle in both countries.
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Animated works and education
Javora, Ondřej ; Brom, Cyril (advisor) ; KOUTSKÝ, Pavel (referee)
This postgraduate thesis deals with the relationship between animated works and education. Main importance is given to the prior historical trends of educational animated works and to the question if are the animated works suitable for educational purposes. The thesis is divided to four chapters. First chapter depicts the historical development of educational animated works and briefly maps this area of animation. Second chapter analyzes specific characteristics of animation and abilities of its means of expression for educational use. Third chapter is a brief introduction to the cognitive psychology which offers valuable knowledge about functions of human mind. The center of attention is focused on attributes of human memory and process of learning, which are somehow related to the usage of animation. Fourth chapter sort of expands the third chapter and bases its conclusions on the work of American psychologist Richard E. Mayer. The subject matter are more practical ways how to use animation to enhance effective learning.
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Design of the Remedy to Improve the Market Position of the Firm
Svozil, Milan ; Krýsová, Jana (referee) ; Škapa, Stanislav (advisor)
This bachelor work is concerned with design of the remedy, how to improve the market position of the firm. In the first part of this work principles of Economy are used as initial view. Subsequent second part of work utilizes Economy principles for MISVO TRANS s.r.o. company dates. The result of this work is to design changes in the firm to reduce costs and to solve company problems to be able to survive in the time recession and prosper in the future.
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Arbitration as a type of alternative dispute resolution.
Staňková, Monika ; Hásová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Švarc, Zbyněk (referee)
This thesis deals with arbitration. The aim of the thesis is to determine whether arbitration has a future in of Czech Republic and whether it can compete with court proceeding considering its regulation in the Act on arbitration. The thesis enables the confirmation or disproof of hypotheses claiming that arbitration represents a parallel to dispute resolution in civil proceedings, that the amendment of the Act on arbitration from the year 2016 is a step in the right direction, and that general courts do not intervene in the arbitration proceedings. The diploma thesis is divided in two chapters, the first chapter discusses alternative disputes resolution and the second chapter analyzes arbitration. Within the second chapter, the attention is focused on the concept of arbitration, its contemporary regulation and types, arbitrability, arbitration ageement, arbitrator, principles, process and ending of arbitration.
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Defense expenditures financing of the United States of America during World War II
Jurák, Marek ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the financing of war expenditures of the United States of America during Second World War. Thesis starts with a theoretical introduction to fiscal policy which is widely contained throughout the whole thesis. Followed with brief introduction to the economic history of the USA. Beginning with the Roaring Twenties ended by the Great Depression followed with politics of New Deal. The second part introduces the principles of war economy and the instruments which goverment use to affect and finance the economy. Goals of this thesis are to analyze these instruments and find out to what extent were used. The subject of analysis is especially funding through taxation which took a large part of the war financing, but not the majority. Results of this paper indicate that the most of the defense expenditures were financed through debt, mostly by borrowing from the public through purchased war bonds.
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Personal Income Taxation in the Czech Republic and the United States of America
Doubravová, Lucie ; Rytířová, Lucie (advisor) ; Tepperová, Jana (referee)
This diploma thesis describes the topic of personal income taxation in the Czech Republic compared to the United States of America and on the case studies it compares the tax burden of the family with two children earning average income from employment in the Czech Republic and in the United States of America. The aim is to prove that the results comply with the OECD statistics saying that the tax burden difference between those two states is approximately the same. The fractional aim is to examine if the tax burden for the same family with the above-average employment income in the United States is much higher that it can be one of the motives why people enter or leave different labour markets. The second case study focuses on the differences in the taxation of the different tax return categories of the taxpayers and confirms the theory that the average benefit of 450 USD per year appears with taxpayers filing the married filing jointly tax return. The thesis also describes the international taxation basics with the Double tax treaty and the concepts of tax residence and taxation principles such as tax equity and efficiency.
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International arms trade in the context of global financial crisis
Rothová, Alica ; Rolenc, Jan Martin (advisor) ; Hlavsová, Aneta (referee)
This thesis focuses on the international arms trade in the 21st century in the context of the global financial crisis in 2007-2009. The first part focuses on the basic terminology, principles and current regulation with a brief description of the development of trade in the late 20th century. In the second chapter it explains the origin, course, and consequences of the crisis and adopted anti-crisis measures. The third chapter describes the development during the crisis in the US, UK, India and Saudi Arabia.
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Tourism Destinations selected
Řehák, Jan ; Navrátilová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Zuzana, Zuzana (referee)
This dissertation is focused on issues of tourist industry of states of Benelux. The first part defines theoretical background, basic terms, terminology, definitions and basic principles, which you need to introdukce yourself to this issue. In the second part you can find the descriptions of chosen destinations from general informations, which are used to identify an recognition of countries to concrete localities and events, which will appeal in practical part. Practical part is a proposal of own excursion tours. Excursion tours will be narrowly focused on interests of tourists to give them the biggest addend value. There is an analysis of supply of tours of czech tour operators too.
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