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Influence of sedentary work on human posture from the perspective of physiotherapist
RAZIMOVÁ, Kateřina
The subject of my Bachelor?s thesis is the influence of sedentary job on human posture from the view of a physiotherapist. Theoretical part of the thesis includes generally the description of posture, problems with motor system caused by longtime sitting, ergonomics and suitable ergonomic chair. Great attention is devoted to a technique of correct sitting and other variations of sitting. In the end of the theoretical part I tried to make a description of compensatory exercise, techniques or methods suitable for therapy of problems caused as a result of sedentary job. The aim of the practical part was to find out the informedness of patients, whether they know what risks a sedentary job bears and their interest in prevention. The ultimate goal was to create a set of recommended compensatory exercises. Especially helpful to me in accomplishing the above stated goals were the following methods and techniques of qualitative research ? unstructured interviews, participated observation, kinesiological analysis and questionnaire. Examined group was made from three patients working in sedentary jobs, who have developed typical problems caused by longtime sitting. First of all, I asked the patients questions in the from of questionnaire in order to determine previously set goals. During the therapy, first of all an anamnesis was taken, followed by visual examination, palpation, examination of gait, examination by plumb line, goniometry of root joints, cervical spine and wrists. Then it was followed by examination of spine mobility, diaphragmal test, therapy itself and suitably chosen compensatory exercise. A short-term and long-tern rehabilitation plan was set for all patients. According to personal discretion, I recommended them suitable ergonomic lay-out of workplace; I mainly focused on motivation for a correct posture and carrying out compensatory exercise.
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Gait analysis using EMG signals
Korčáková, Ivona ; Janoušek, Oto (referee) ; Koťová, Markéta (advisor)
This bachelors thesis is focused on the analysis of gait using EMG signals. It includes the physiology of a muscular system, with a focus on the lower limb. Bipedal walking consist of ste system that are described and explained also with the movements of the joints. Another chapter is dedicated of Electromyography and this application to the walk analysis. This thesis also includes designing a custom program enabling dataprocessing. Thi final chapter focuses od the data processing. The final chapter focuses on the data analysis and its evaluation.
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Regional analysis of circulatory disease mortality in the Czech Republic, Italy and Sweden from the 1980's to the present
Pánek, Jan ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
Diseases of the circulatory system have long been the most frequent cause of death in the developed world. The aim of this study is to describe and analyze the evolution of mortality from selected diseases of the circulatory system in the Czech Republic, Italy and Sweden from the 1980th to the present with the emphasis on the regional aspects. Its main part consists of analysis of regional differentiation, including international comparisons. Mortality from ischemic heart disease, cerebral vascular disease and atherosclerosis decreased during the reporting period, while mortality from hypertensive diseases increased. Despite the gradual convergence, mortality rates remain distinctly different in selected countries.
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Intracranial Aneurysms - Treatment Options and Natural Course. Safety and Efficacy of Treatment Strategies for Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysms.
Petr, Ondřej ; Beneš, Vladimír (advisor) ; Haninec, Pavel (referee) ; Přibáň, Vladimír (referee)
BACKGROUND: Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms are an uncommon, heterogeneous group of aneurysms with poorer neurological outcomes compared to other intracranial aneurysms. At first, as part A, we conducted a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the safety and efficacy of treatment strategies for PICA-aneurysms. Subsequently, as part B, we performed a multicenter retrospective study to analyze the outcome in a large series of patients treated with contemporary microsurgical and endovascular techniques. METHODS: For the meta-analysis, a systematic search of Medline, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science was done for studies published through November 2015. We included studies that described treatment of PICA-aneurysms with ≥10 patients. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool the following outcomes: complete occlusion, technical success, periprocedural morbidity/mortality, stroke rates, aneurysm recurrence/rebleed, CN-palsies rates, and long-term neurological morbidity/mortality. As the second part, aiming to report the current trends and results in treatment strategies for PICA-aneurysms, records of 94 patients treated for PICA-aneurysms between 2000 and 2015 at 3 large referral neurovascular centers were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: In the meta-analysis, we...
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Hexapod Robot Control
Pelz, Zdeněk ; Rozman, Jaroslav (referee) ; Žák, Marek (advisor)
This thesis contains problematics of robots with peddal chassis and is focused on hexapods. It contains description of design of hexapod chassis, limb analysis, gaits for movement on flat terrain and sensors for ranged measurement. Thesis is focused on hexapod PhantomX AX Hexapod Mark II.
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Enterprise architecture
Dvořák, Jaroslav ; Selčan, Vladimír (advisor) ; Buchalcevová, Alena (referee)
This work analyses the enterprise architectures questions. Enterprise architecture is relatively familiar in the field of informatics today. It covers discipline of modeling and planning development of information technology, especially in wide organizations. Enterprise architecture is an important branch under the conditions that system complexity exceeds brain capacities of workers. The first part deals with analysis of enterprise architecture, primarily structure, content and relationship to whole enterprise. The most important part of this section is a characterization of enterprise architecture frameworks that facilitate entire process of formation. The second part deals with introduction of three essential architecture frameworks: Zachman, TOGAF and FEAF. Subsequently FEAF is compared with two previous frameworks. The conclusion of this work contains short comparison of features and contents all three mentioned enterprise architecture frameworks.
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System of Audiovisual Stimulation with EEG Biological Feedback
Fiřt, David ; Hána, Karel (advisor) ; Koza, Zdeněk (referee)
In thesis be described to make-up apparatus audiovisual stimulation with EEG backward structure from readily available ready component that the are EEG amplifier, AD inverter, inverter USB/UART, apparatus for AVS and personal computer. Next is here describe programme specially written for this application in language Delphi that the implements counting values EEG signal from AD inverter, analysis enter data EEG by the help of Fourier transformation inclusive graphic presentation and by return works cerebral activity by the help of apparatus for audiovisual stimulation equipped technology AudioStrobe.
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THE BIOMECHANICAL REFLEXION OF MODERATE IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS IN GAIT CYCLE OF YOUNG ADULTS
Polyzos, Christos ; Kovanda, Jan (advisor) ; Pavlů, Dagmar (referee) ; Rosenberg, Josef (referee)
Introduction: Scoliosis influences the optimal posture and locomotion of the human body. Lumbar and thoraco-lumbar scoliosis has possibly an even greater impact due to the close relation with the pelvic region, a major determinant of gait. The effect of moderate idiopathic scoliosis on the gait cycle of young adults is of major interesting. Discussion-Hypothesis and aims: Young adults (20-40 years old) with MIS (lumbar and thoraco-lumbar primary curves) present kinematic modifications regarding the convex (ipsilateral extremity) or concave (controlateral extremity) side of the body as well as variations compared to non-scoliosis individuals during the gait cycle. Aim of this study was to indentify these variations on the physical quantities exerted from the major joints of the lower extremities as well as the center of gravity too and examine their significance in adult patients with MIS. Materials and methods: A cohort of twenty young adult patients (group A, 12 females- 8 males, mean age 39,7 years) having MIS with mean Cobb's angle 29o (24o to 34o ) and a control group (B) of fifteen (8 females, 7 males) of healthy individuals were submitted in clinical examination and 3-D gait analysis. Direct linear transformation (DLT) was used for analysis of linear displacement on the three axes (x, y and z) as well...
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Design of lower-limb prostheses
Koutecký, Tomáš ; Ždímal, Pavel (referee) ; Paloušek, David (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor's thesis is to give an overview of the current state of lower limb prostheses after amputation between the hip and the knee. It deals with the human gait, its analysis and with deviations in gait with the prosthesis. It also describes basic division of lower limb prostheses. The main part is the description of these prostheses designs and especially the design of main components and general overview of available types.
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The importance and possibilities of positioning of patients after stroke
PLOUHAROVÁ, Kamila
This bachelor thesis is about the importance and possibilities of positioning of patients after stroke. The thesis is divided into theoretical part and practical part. The theoretical part deals with a summary of theoretical knowledge about stroke and possibilities of positioning patients after stroke. There is a more detailed description of antispastic positions, which are based on the Bobath concept. The thesis also includes information about other ways of positioning, which are positioning based on the concept of basal stimulation, positioning using inflatable splints, canistherapy and the suitable supply of information to the patient. The aim of the practical part of the thesis is to evaluate the importance of positioning of patients after stroke by comparing the entry and exit examination and suggest short and long term rehabilitation plan for patients. In practical part was chosen qualitative research a case study that was performed with 5 patients after stroke. Patients were selected randomly during my practice in hospital in České Budějovice at the Neurological and Rehabilitation Department. Data collection was performed processing of case studies, which used the method of observation, interviewing patients and nursing staff and secondary data analysis. Each case report contains anamnesis, entry and exit examinations, proposal of short and long term rehabilitation plan and information about therapy, which patients participated. The results of the thesis show that physical conditions were improved by patients described in case studies 1, 2 and 3. Patients 1 and 3 also improved their psychological conditions. The patient described in the case study 2 did not have any psychological problem at the beginning of the research. The physical and psychological conditions were not improved by patients 4 and 5, but avoid the formation of pressure ulcers and to reduce passive range of motion. Improvement by patients 1, 2 and 3 can be caused by favourable prognosis early in the disease and also care of multidisciplinary team. Against to this by patients 4 and 5 was the prognosis unfavourable.
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