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Comparison of philosophic and ethic motives in the literary work of A.Camus and J.P.Sartre
Bečvářová, Lenka ; Blažková, Miloslava (advisor) ; Prázný, Aleš (referee)
RESUME My diploma thesis is focused on the comparison of opinions of Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus concerning existential and philosophical motifs in their literary work. I tried to compare the occurrence of individual existential categories, based on selected philosophical and literary works of both authors, who rank among the French branch of atheist existentialism. The first chapter deals with basic characteristics of existential philosophy and its changes between the two wars; and the consequential spreading of this philosophy thinking in the post-war Europe, in which it achieved a great success in a few branches. Majority of this chapter is devoted to French existentialism, whose goal was to explore and describe concrete existence, while human being (existence) is identified as freedom there. It was due to Jean- Paul Sartre that French existentialism has become the most significant way of thinking. The two following chapters briefly describe the lives of Sartre and Camus; because the lives of authors who write philosophical and literary works are always interconnected with their work. The second and third chapter contain the analysis of selected works of both authors, while I didn't forget the dramatic work which is a part of philosophical ad literary work and by means of that I presented mainly...
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Narrating history, constructing identity: the postmodern turn in William Faulkner's Absalom! Absalom!, The Sound and the Fury and Go down, Moses
Žebrowska, Barbara ; Quinn, Justin (referee) ; Ulmanová, Hana (advisor)
The gradual and contestable transition from the modem to what has come to be labeled as the postmodern era has been characterized as unnerving. This transition, it is said, has unsettled and is still in the process of disquieting all areas of human enterprise and knowledge. The term postmodernism encompasses a disputable set of ideas and features; its time frame and applicability to different subjects are also questionable. It is this very aspect of questioning that most aptly delineates the process by which postmodernist outlooks approach the contemporary world. At the core of this questioning lies an incredulity toward any reality and truth. Rather, reality, postmodernism says, is constructed and defined solely by language. This fore grounding of language before the existence of external reality casts a new light on the creation of meaning and identity in the postmodern world. The modernist endeavor to find the essential core in one's identity disintegrates in the postmodern understanding of identity as a cultural construct that is determined only in relation to its surroundings. Without these relations, be it familial or societal, identity - and for that matter all meaning - bears no substance and faces the perpetual threat of becoming lost. A sense of loss informs postmodern philosophy, and it entails...
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Group Integration - Underutilized Opportunity of Czech Education?
ADAMCOVÁ, Pavlína
The bachelor thesis titled Group Integration-Underutilized Opportunity of Czech Education? aim was to find out what the group integration advantages to bodies involved in the elementary schools educational process are; or what its possible disadvantages are. The thesis summarizes the current status of the Czech Republic educational system and the options for disabled pupils. It focuses closely on the school integration considering it to be one of the educational possibility for disabled pupils, namely on the group integration. There were determined a few basic roles for the research investigation execution that a mainstream school has and that should be ensured also within the group integration context. The advantages and disadvantages connected with the group integration education were also examined. Three elementary schools from South Bohemia region establishing a special class were involved into the research examination. The qualitative approach was used; specifically the case study design. Observation was chosen to be the data collection basic method. The information on organizational matters that cannot be detected by observing were obtained by using a semi-structured interview aimed at teachers and principals of particular schools. The additional data collection method was the existing documents analysis that represent the internal school regulations, the school educational programme, the individual educational plan and other relevant documents that were provided by the school for the research purposes or are publically available. The research showed that the group integration patterns applied within each elementary school differ a lot. There is a notable trend to find special classes to be different and separated school units within all these pattern. Case Study No. 3 showed that special class pupils visit a school canteen during a different period than is scheduled for other classes to prevent jeers among pupils. Gradually the common education started to be cancelled and disabled pupils reside mostly in their classroom throughout the day. Case Study No. 1 showed a similar trend just with the difference that the special classes have a completely different day programme without any intention. They just keep following the pattern that was used in a special school. Such a school was cancelled like in Case Study No. 3 and its pupils were incorporated into a newly established special class within an elementary school. Furthermore, the special class resides outside the main building. However, it is important to mention that the principal has clear ideas about the special class functioning and he would like to incorporate it into the school and offer its pupils the same possibilities as the intact pupils have. Case Study No. 2 proved that a special class is among other classes considered to be fully equivalent. The common classes take place only during P.E. lessons, however, the special class pupils and other pupils spend school breaks together and they have to follow the same rules as pupils in other parallel grades. In my opinion the group integration is an underutilized opportunity of Czech education. There are just few schools with an established special class and the examined patterns show that the group integration benefits are not completely utilized. This bachelor thesis aim is to draw the attention to this integrational pattern that can bring a lot of advantages and opportunities into the education of some pupils with special educational needs who would not benefit from the individual integration. Regional and school founders´ greater support could arouse a much wider interest in this form of education and bring to schools, pupils and their parents a suitable solution.
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The issue of visually - handicapped people and their independent movement outside ( the mapping of the route in České Budějovice: the housing estate Máj -
JANOUŠKOVÁ, Jana
Bachelor thesis informs us about the problems of independent movement outside the visually impaired and analyzes the conditions for their safe movement. It introduces the division of visual defects, characteristic of visual impairment and its influence on the spatial orientation and also about the possibilities special-pedagogical education as a process of rehabilitation for people with vision loss. The work assesses the conditions of safe movement on existing roads and means of orientation in the exterior, further complicating what kind of obstacles visually impaired individuals to move and what type of technical aids which is made possible by their orientation in space. The findings will be further used for practicing safe and independent movement, as well as for route planning in a public benefit corporation Tyflokabinet in České Budějovice.
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Increase and reduction of the registered capital of a limited liability company
Plajnerová, Barbora ; Štenglová, Ivanka (advisor) ; Horáček, Tomáš (referee)
The goal of this work is the analysis of current legal regulation of the process of increasing and decreasing the registered capital of a limited liability company. Registered capital belongs among the most important institutes characterizing capital companies. Limited liability company, as a capital company, has the liability to create registered capital and maintain it at least in the minimum amount required by law for the entire time of its existence (registered capital preservation principle). As a consequence of changes of economic conditions and other facts, which may arise inside or outside of a company, a need to alter the amount of the registered capital may arise, but always only in certain limits determined by law, and through rather formalized process regulated by provisions of the Commercial Code. The legal regulation of the Commercial Code and this work focus on the process of changes of registered capital itself and on protection provided to creditors of the company and members of the company within this process. That is, the amount of the registered capital may have significant influence on external relations with business partners and financing companies and may bring significant changes within the company as well. However, the main issue is the change in the arrangement and the...
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Chemical hazards of contamination of foodstuffs and dishes
MARŠÁLKOVÁ, Alena
The bachelor thesis deals with the risks of chemical contamination of food and possible health risks for the consumers. Firstly, there is a general outline of foreign substances including the additives, which are added to foods intentionally, and contaminants. The contaminants are viewed as undesirable substances which occasionally occur in foods. They develop directly in the foods or penetrate into them from the outside during the basic stages of agricultural production, in stores, during transportation or during processing for culinary purposes, or due to environmental pollution. Such substances can have negative effects on human health. The second part of the thesis focuses on concrete contaminants - nitrates, nitrites and acrylamide. Nitrates and nitrites are both contaminants and additives. Their use as food additives is motivated by their sensoric and protective effects. The sensoric function is to ensure a permanent pink colour of smoked meat and other meat products. The protective function consists in inhibiting the growth of the microorganisms Clostridium botulinum and thus preventing the origination of dangerous botulin. The nitrates exist as contaminants mainly in foods of vegetable origin, penetrating them from soil and water due to nitrogen cycle in the nature. The acrylamide is a newly discovered food contaminant. It is considered to be a very dangerous substance as regards possible peroral exposure. The danger consists in its neurotoxic, genotoxic and possible carcinogenic effects. It originates in foods with a higher content of reducing sugars during the process of production or culinary processing if the temperature is higher than 120° C. The thesis should provide information for the public as consumers or providers of different food-processing facilities. Its main objective is to pinpoint some risks connected with the consumption of various foods and meals, and to eliminate the risks as much as possible or to avoid them completely.
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ASEAN - establishment, development and perspectives of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations
Chaloupková, Jana ; Veselý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Krines, Vlastimil (referee) ; Had, Miloslav (referee) ; Gombár, Eduard (referee)
The presented study is an analysis of the regional integration process of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN utilizing theories of international relations and integration. The dissertation studies the factors which contributed to its formation, evolution and transformation and the perspectives of its further development. ASEAN was established by virtue of Bangkok Declaration signed on August 8, 1967 among Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Subsequently Brunei joined the Association in 1984, Vietnam 1995, Laos and Myanmar 1997 and Cambodia 1999. ASEAN's formation falls within the process of creating of regional organizations after World War II, a period of the biggest development of the institutionalization of the international cooperation. Association was based on relatively free and voluntary cooperation and political declarations. With the end of Cold War and bipolarity, with the defeat of communism and the advent of political and economic reforms in the former socialist bloc ASEAN institutionally strengthened and transformed itself, expanded its membership and the decision to form ASEAN Free Trade Area AFTA in 1992 and the Treaty on the Common Effective Preferential Tariffs shifted Association from the stage of cooperation to integration. ASEAN becomes an international organization (based on international legal agreement with the objectives, principles, internal structure etc.) through the adoption of the Charter in 2008. The Charter is the symbol of the transition process from voluntary cooperation based on political declarations to creation of an intergovernmental organization with international legal personality and legal contractual basis for community building, to strengthen the norms and principles. ASEAN has functioned over 40 years based on personal, very frequent and regular contacts between the key elites (who have significantly contributed to its creation and development), as a grouping of common practice and an emerging common identity. It is a form of intergovernmental cooperation, where member states have exclusive position in the decision process; there are no supranational institutions that would have exclusive powers. ASEAN is the initiator of the development of regionalism in Asia, a considerable number of international structures, inter-and trans-regional contacts, forums and programs. Its activities after the Cold War fall into the framework of the new regionalism The thesis tries to point out possible perspectives for its future path, especially in connection to recently born special cooperation ASEAN+3 (China, Republic of Korea, Japan) and plans for building of East Asian Community (ASEAN+3, Australia, New Zealand, India) and its Free Trade Area. Basic characteristics of ASEAN integration process: it takes place in Southeast Asia, it is a process and a state, it consists of economic, political, security, social and cultural part, the emphasis is on economic affairs, its origin is in the postwar period, the main actors are the states and their elites (from the 90's NGO's, think-tanks and civil society become active creating a broad network of socio-cultural relations and interactions), integration expands by the process of ASEAN +3 and EAS, there is a spillover effect within and outside ASEAN, integration process is gradually evolving from a lower to a higher level. Carried out research has its limitations, since it is impossible to generalize the results and formulate a clear assessment of the large international complex, the information is always limited and the social process is miscellaneous. Well-known is the fact that political elites do not act according to the theories, which they often do not know, but based on their own understanding of reality and interests of individual states, eventually groups of countries. No theory is able to explain fully the evolution of ASEAN, failing to capture reality in its full extent, and thus the prospects for the future are some speculations. From the theoretical examination of ASEAN I elect neofuncionalism, since ASEAN represents a process of empowerment, where elites play a crucial role; they share many values and objectives and contribute to the integration process. The rise of transactions in the regional grouping (trade, communication, exchange of ideas), gradually creates a sense of common identity, elites have closer contacts and their values are complementary. Southeast Asia should occupy an important place in the Czech Republic's foreign policy, taking advantage of traditional contacts with the region. Priority should be given to economic ties and active political involvement in the multilateral framework of ASEM, an important part of political dialogue should be question of human rights.
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Marketing Strategies of Art Trade with a Focus on Contemporary Czech Art Scene
Peško Banzetová, Michaela ; Horáček, Radek (referee) ; Svoboda, František (referee) ; Rais, Karel (advisor)
Contemporary art trade in the Czech Republic has been regarded as a private area accessible only to a few insiders. So far no adequate literature about this field has existed, the marketing strategies used within it were, not only from the outside perspective, quite unclear. This work shows that it is not a secret sphere. On the contrary, it is a part of the market, which has the effect that the more you talk about it openly, the better impact it has on the whole society. The author presents the current situation in this field, its historical context, and openly discusses the long-term marketing strategies of gallerists who work with contemporary artists. On the basis of case studies from abroad she also shows other possible ways how to bring society closer to contemporary art by means of some specific marketing tools.
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Audience development from perspective of film exhibitors and distributors
Lísalová, Anna ; Kameníková, Zuzana (advisor) ; DANIELIS, Aleš (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is description of (i) how cinemas and film distributors work with their audience, (ii) activities made for audience, (iii) ways to develop the audience, and (iv) active approaches to the audience. The first part of the thesis defines the term 'audience development' which is currently the key and widely discussed term from perspective of cultural institutions. The second part of the thesis then focuses on particular concepts of the audience development - primarily on activities for existing and potential audience, activities for specific groups and activities organised at non-traditional places and outside traditional organisations. Conclusions outline future of the audience development.
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