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Specifics of Romany children's Nursing
VEJSADOVÁ, Pavlína
The Romany ethnic group is the largest minority which is living in Czech Republic. This minority group is often characterized as problematic especially due to its specific way of life and different value ladder. These oddnesses are apparent already in the childhood. Also family takes a very spontaneous approach to the Romany child upbringing. Romany child goes to sleep when he wants eats when he wants and no demands are placed on him. Frequent phenomenon is also absence of the preschool education which plays a crucial role in the preparation for the elementary school. Thus into the hospital environment comes often child who was used to his closed world in which he talked only Romany and was surrounded only by his family. Nurse has in that moment a difficult task to provide high quality culture specific care to the ethnic group which is in eyes of society and often also in the eyes of the nurse herself problematic and covered with prejudice. Subject for this bachelor thesis are the specifics of hospital care for child Romany patient. Target of the practical part is to define the specifics of the medical care for child Romany patient. Research was done in form of qualitative research with help of half-standardized interviews method with the nurses working in the children´s inpatient ward. Interviewed were 7 nurses with the wide spread of education level starting from secondary professional education in the subject nurse and paediatric nurse up to nurses with bachelor degree. Second research universe were Romany children in the age of 5 ? 7 hospitalized on the paediatric ward block. By the child patients the hidden observation has been used focused on the social contact with other patients and personnel, motor skills, level of self-care and verbal language. Second part was the hidden observation focused on the care given by nurses on paediatric ward blocks. Nurses were observed by daily activities. Evaluated was especially application of the culture specifics into the offered care and communication with the child while invasive intervention has been executed. To the facts which emerged from the interview belongs that majority of interviewed nurses confess reflecting of prejudice into medical care. They count among clear specifics in communication of Romany child especially insufficient knowledge of Czech language. In the area of self-care they perceive as a crucial deficit putting on the clothes and hygiene. The majority of the observed nurses did not include the specifics into the provided medical care. During the observation was discovered that the nurses do not have enough knowledge and experience for providing the culture specific medical care. Second part of the observation was focused on the Romany child patients and their specifics in the verbal language, self-care, behaviour towards other patients and medical staff, motor activities and playing activities. In this part the statements of nurses concerning the insufficient vocabulary and the lack of self-care in terms of putting on the clothes and hygiene was confirmed. From the results of the research emerged that the medical care for the Romany patient has its specific, which the nurses cannot work with and which they cannot apply into the provided medical care. In the area of communication with the family should the nurse be that active person and involve the family into the care for Romany child. Romany child is very spontaneous, it gives an impression of ill-breeding and does not respect social rules. On the other hand it has also positive personality traits as responsiveness, sense for a game, sincerity and openness. Nurses should therefore have a thought about the sense of hospital care a try to see in human beings especially positive personality traits and use them to the fulfilment of the medical care targets and for prevention and support of health of the small Romany patient.
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The situation of disabled persons in the labour market in the main City of Prague in 2014 and 2015
Majorová, Michaela ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Barák, Vladimír (referee)
The topic of this thesis are disabled people. The main goal of this thesis is describe the situation th these people in the labor market of Prague. This description is based on the founded data and the specialized literature. There will be explained the concepts of labour market, unemployment, aktive employment policy first in the theoretical part. There are for the next time explained the concepts of disabled people, thein characteristics, different type of these disabilities, legislativ of the employnment of these people, rehabilitation programmes and the enterprises with more 50 % share of employed disabled people. The practical part is based on the analysis of the selected dates of Český statistický úřad and Ministerstvo práce a sociálních věcí. There is included my own anonymus questionnaire research of selected eemployers. The goal of this research is to show, how is the situation of the employers and the diabled people in Prague. It was found by using this research, that the situation in our main city is very positive. Employers offer many employments to disabled people, althoug they don't have to do that and they don't have any statutory obligation.
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Tax and legal issues of real-estate business in Austria
Banctel, Kristýna ; Filipová, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Drozen, František (referee)
The purpose of this study is to compare tax and civil-law issues concerning property business in Austria and in Czech Republic in 2016 and to investigate the efficiency of the current legislation against the real estate bubble. The theoretical part of this study contains selected demographic and price statistics concerning real estate in both countries and focuses on the description of the existing law currently in effect in both compared countries. The practical part analyses tax and transactions costs that concern property trading and a comparison of possibilities of amortisations and rentability of a rented flat in both countries.
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The impact of the economic cycle to finance the defense of the Czech republic in years 2004-2014
Heres, Ondřej ; Chmelová, Pavla (advisor) ; Strejček, Ivo (referee)
This bachelor work examines the impact of economic performance on financing the defense sector in the Czech Republic in the years 2004-2014. The main questions are whether this influence is clear and the extent to which is essential for funding this sector. The work also provides a basic overview about development and structure of the Ministry of Defence budget in these years. The theoretical part contains theories of business cycle and public sector and briefly introduces the basic institutions that are tasked to provide a defense. The analytic part analyzes the expenditures and revenues of the Ministry of Defence and assesses their mutual influence and simultaneously the influence of GDP on these indicators. To compare with previous findings, the GPD growth rate and the growth rate of defense expenditures in selected countries of NATO are analyzed in brief in the last chapter. While findings based on data from the Ministry of Defence have rather anticyclical development of defense expenditures, in selected countries of NATO, the development is more procyclical. It highlights the very ambiguous impact of the economic cycle on expenditures in the defense sector.
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Strategic Trade Policy in Defence and Security Industry
Neumannová, Pavla ; Žamberský, Pavel (advisor) ; Jiránková, Martina (referee)
The master thesis is devoted to a nontraditional, however, in the todays world to a very current topic, arms industry and its support. The thesis connects the theoretical concept of the strategic trade policy (defined by P. Krugman or J. Brander) to its practical interpretation and application in the defence and security industry. The first chapter explains the strategic trade policy using the Brander Spencer analysis. The topic of the second chapter is strategic industries and this chapter answers the question whether the defence and security industry is a strategic industry or not. The third chapter analyses the possibilities of the support of DSI and compares approaches of different EU member states. The last chapter is devoted to the solution of this problem. The main contribution of this thesis is a new interpretation of the strategic trade policy, analysis of the importance of the defence and security industry and its support and suggestion of practical measures for Czech companies and for the Czech Ministry of Defence.
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Makroekonomický dopad mateřské (a rodičovské) dovolené ve srovnání České Republiky s Brazílií
Kalkusová, Marie ; De Castro, Tereza (advisor) ; Neumann, Pavel (referee)
This thesis aims to estimate the macroeconomic impact of maternity and parental/paternal leave in the Czech Republic and Brazil. In addition, the thesis stresses out the costs of Czech model application to Brazil and vice-versa. The first chapter brings a theoretical framework. It compares the analyzed policies in both countries and introduces the relevant terms. The second chapter estimates the costs of maternity and parental/paternal leave related to public expenditure and GDP for the years 2005-2014 and brings own simulation model for Czech model application to Brazil and vice-versa. The third chapter analyses the inefficiencies and suggest possible mitigation. The results show the costs of 0.71% of GDP and 1.66% of public expenditure in the Czech Republic and 0.50% GDP and 2.27% of public expenditure in Brazil in 2014. The Czech model applied in Brazil would be very costly and the opposite scenario would lead to the decrease of macroeconomic burden in the Czech Republic. The thesis also analyzes the influence of maternal and parental leave in other areas, such as labor market, where the current structure may penalize Czech women in long term. By this analysis, the thesis contributes to the current debate about the impact, the length and costs of maternity and parental leave.
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Míry podobnosti pro nominální data v hierarchickém shlukování
Šulc, Zdeněk ; Řezanková, Hana (advisor) ; Šimůnek, Milan (referee) ; Žambochová, Marta (referee)
This dissertation thesis deals with similarity measures for nominal data in hierarchical clustering, which can cope with variables with more than two categories, and which aspire to replace the simple matching approach standardly used in this area. These similarity measures take into account additional characteristics of a dataset, such as frequency distribution of categories or number of categories of a given variable. The thesis recognizes three main aims. The first one is an examination and clustering performance evaluation of selected similarity measures for nominal data in hierarchical clustering of objects and variables. To achieve this goal, four experiments dealing both with the object and variable clustering were performed. They examine the clustering quality of the examined similarity measures for nominal data in comparison with the commonly used similarity measures using a binary transformation, and moreover, with several alternative methods for nominal data clustering. The comparison and evaluation are performed on real and generated datasets. Outputs of these experiments lead to knowledge, which similarity measures can generally be used, which ones perform well in a particular situation, and which ones are not recommended to use for an object or variable clustering. The second aim is to propose a theory-based similarity measure, evaluate its properties, and compare it with the other examined similarity measures. Based on this aim, two novel similarity measures, Variable Entropy and Variable Mutability are proposed; especially, the former one performs very well in datasets with a lower number of variables. The third aim of this thesis is to provide a convenient software implementation based on the examined similarity measures for nominal data, which covers the whole clustering process from a computation of a proximity matrix to evaluation of resulting clusters. This goal was also achieved by creating the nomclust package for the software R, which covers this issue, and which is freely available.
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Access to Information and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters in the Republic of Irealand and the Czech Republic
Vítková, Martina ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Sobotka, Michal (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with access to environmental information and access to justice in environmental matters introduced by Aarhus Convention in the specific conditions of Czech Republic and Ireland. These rights are considered to be very important tools for environmental protection. At a time when people threaten their own existence by negative interference with the environment it is necessary that effective means for its protection exist. These means are access to environmental information and access to justice in environmental matters, which together can be called as environmental procedural rights. The first chapter of this thesis presents the sources of environmental procedural law and observes the development of law at international, European and national level. The most important international document in this field is the Aarhus Convention that was adopted in 1998 by most of the European countries and that provides for access to environmental information, access to justice and public participation in environmental decision-making. This convention has largely affected the law of the European Union, where several directives has been adopted, including most importantly the Directive 2003/4/EC on access to environmental information and the Directive 2003/35/EC on public participation in...
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Interaction of apoprotein with heme side chains: A comparison of cytochromes P450 and NO-synthases
Fastová, Dagmar ; Hudeček, Jiří (advisor) ; Šulc, Miroslav (referee)
Cytochromes P450 and NO-synthases are two classes of heme-thiolate proteins, participating in catalysis of important biochemical reactions. In this work we analysed and compared both enzyme groups from the viewpoint of torsional angles of vinyl side chains of heme in positions 2 and 4. We used the Yasara programme to analyse the available crystalographic data. Whereas the torsional angle distributions for both vinyl groups in NO-synthases are pointing to a rather "conservative" conformations of both vinyls (between -30ř and 90ř for position 2, -150ř to 120ř for position 4, resp.) with little differences for individual forms of these enzymes, the mammalian cytochromes P450 display considerable differences between different families. In accordance with previous analyses is the distribution of torsional angles of 2-vinyls in most cases narrower (-120ř to 150ř) compared to 4-vinyls, which display more conformational flexibility (with torsional angles between -30ř and 180ř). In the second part of the Thesis we analysed the interaction of cytochrome P450 with its reaction partner, cytochrome P450 reductase. On the basis of crystalographic data we tried to prove, if the spatial positions of basic aminoacids, corresponding in the primary structure of various mammalian forms the those in the isoform 2B4...
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Evaluation of the effectiveness of teaching vocational subjects depending on physical activity before schooling.
Janošíková, Martina ; Hanušová, Marie (advisor)
The period of transition to secondary school brings substantial changes in the requirements for study obligations, autonomy, communication, expression, or separated from their families in the form of staying at the dormitory. Students enrolled in sport centers, in addition to these changes, still struggling with the responsibilities associated with sport. Because they are students first through fourth grades of secondary schools and secondary vocational schools, an age when image self-I am, what I believe in, arises in interactions with the outside world and their own experience, plays a very important role to influence the environment, educators, teachers and trainers, with which students spend most of their time in practice. This study looks at students comprehensively in terms of personal development as a multifactorial biopsychosocial unit, in terms of cognitive and motivational processes, states and properties from the perspective of social psychology dealing with the interactions, relationships and communication, psychology of individuals within the social group and its importance for the development of the individual . It monitors conditions and educational outcomes in terms of educational psychology, dealing with forming properties, opinions, attitudes and value orientation from the perspective of educational psychology.
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