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Drugs and activities that could cause danger to life, health or damage to property
HANDSCHUHOVÁ, Silvie
The objective of this thesis is to summarize the effects of drugs, especially of the cannabinoids and amphetamine type stimulants, and to analyse which of these substances leads to high-risk activities, that could endanger life, health or result in damage to property. One of these activities, an important one, is driving under the influence of drugs. Driving itself is a complex demand, involving perception, decision making, psychomotor skills, knowledge, as well as attitudes and personality characteristics. Substance use and abuse has an impact on the functioning of the brain and mental processes and therefore on the performance of the driving task. Driving under the influence of drugs is a high risk activity which endangers not only the driver but also their surroundings. In the last few years, the Czech Republic registered a rapid increase in the number of impaired drivers, namely at police check points and in car accidents. The young drivers are mostly under influence of marijuana, respectively tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Its negative effect on driving results from impaired co-ordination, slowed complex reaction time and in space and time distortion. The second group of drugs which can impair drivers is amphetamine type stimulants. Amphetamines are frequently sought by truck drivers, especially long-haul drivers, in Western Europe for its stimulative effects. In the Czech Republic the methamphetamine, Pervitin, is much more common. Intoxication is characterized by increased wakefulness, increased physical activity, increased respiration, rapid heart rate and an irregular heartbeat. The risk factors for driving are a lack of concentration and an overestimation of one{\crq}s own capabilities. After the acute phase of intoxication subsides, fatigue or states of narcolepsy may occur. Another amphetamine-based drug is methylenedioxymethamphetamine, MDMA or Ecstasy. This synthetic substance, chemically related to mescaline, is dangerous due to its ability to regulate body temperature. On rare but unpredictable occasions, this can lead to sharp hyperthermia, resulting in liver, kidney and cardiovascular system failure, and death. It can also cause hallucinations. All common drugs are easily detectable with ``drug test-cards{\crqq}, which are used during police checks around the the world. The Czech Republic is currently testing their utilization and is preparing legislation accordingly. Utilization of these tests during random checks could help to decrease the number of fatal road accidents and could help to decrease the number of impaired drivers on the roads.
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Motivation of Special Olympics athletes fot participating and leaving the Special Olympics Program in the Czech Republic
Příhodová, Radka ; Kaplan, Aleš (advisor) ; Vindušková, Jitka (referee)
Title: Motivation of Special Olympics athletes for participating and leaving the Special Olympics Program in the Czech Republic Student: Bc. Radka Příhodová Advisor: PhDr. Aleš Kaplan, PhD. Objectives: The main objective of this project is to explore motivation of Special Olympics athletes for participation in Special Olympics Program in the Czech Republic and the reasons why some of the athletes leave the program. A secondary objective is to learn more about Special Olympics coaches, athletes and their families, and to receive further details about coaches' and families perception ofthe Special Olympics Program. Methods: The thesis is divided up into two sections: theoretical and the results. The theoretical section introduces the subject of mental handicap, different views of the term, the classification of the handicap and its etiology. With regard to common occurrence of Down syndrome among the population of people with mental retardation one chapter presents this chromosomal disorder. The pro:file the Special Olympics Program in the world and in the Czech Republic its philosophy and structure form the next part of the theoretical section. Very important component of the theoretical section is the comparison adaptive sport within the frame of the Special Olympics movement and Paralympics...
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The space and the time in the novel El hablador by Vargas Llosa
Filipová, Martina ; Housková, Anna (advisor) ; Vydrová, Hedvika (referee)
The objective of this work is to focus on the space and time motives used in the novel The Storyteller by Vargas Llosa which is compared with others books depicting the collision of cultures also - The Vortex (La vorágine) by José Eustacio Rivera, The Lost Steps (Los pasos perdidos) by Alejo Carpentier and Jungle (A selva) by Portuguese writer José Mario Ferreira de Castro. The art space theme is discussed at first, mainly from the point of view of its simillarity with the real space and the mistaken interchange with each other. The study continues by researching of the space relations among all the books above and the theory of Jurij Lotman describing the coherence among space, sujet and characters is applied to these. According to this theory the sujet is created by move of the characters from one semantic field (which can be simplified to world) to another. This move - crossing the borders between the worlds - is allowed only for the "floating" characters, as it is the protagonist of the first sujet line in the novel Storyteller, while Mascarita is the moving character of the second line. Of course this kind of move is determined by a certain conditions that have to be fulfilled and when the person joins the new world or returns from it with "prey" the sujet ends. After Mascarita's assimilation with...
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International labour migration into Ireland, Germany and the Czech Republic
Holičová, Anna ; Suša, Oleg (referee) ; Růžička, Richard (advisor)
This study focuses on international labour migration. On the basis of sociological migration theories and concepts it aims to show and explain or identify trends typical for contemporary migration and present them on the migration processes in three selected countries- Ireland, Germany and the Czech Republic. The study refers to migration theories operating both on macro and micro (or mezzo) levels. Former is represented by classical migration theories or by the world-system approach and by the concept of global cities which is based on them. The latter is represented by the theories of social networks and social capital. The study also pinpoints to transnational migration, which represents a new trend and approach within migration studies. Furthermore it also takes into consideration some aspects of economic sociology and its analysis of migration. Moreover, this study challenges questions of co-existence of immigrants and "hosting societies", and introduces forms of integration and incorporation. It is also targeting on the role of national identity as well as perception of immigrants by the majority of the "hosting populations". The analyses is based on the "National Identity II" ISSP, 2003 empiric research. In this area the study focuses on potentially "double character" of nationality and citizenship...
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The animate body. The veneration for the body as one of aspects of the ecological life
Dvořáková, Tereza ; Opletalová, Lenka (referee) ; Ortová, Jitka (advisor)
This project deals with sphere of the human ecology. The author considers connections between human relation to the body and relation to nature. She proposes that an ecological opinion is influenced by human position to the body. She asserts the body is a part of human society as well as nature. In the first part, the author sketches metamorphoses of science's paradigm in last centuries. She focuses mainly on the contrast between a mechanistic look of modern period and a dynamic outlook of previous pre - modern periods. The next part of this project tries to map different aspects of ecological approach to the body. Firstly, the author brings various historical approaches to the body, especially them which are connected with our contemporary relation to the body. Further, she considers relations between the human body and human society, between the body and the home (as oikos). She also compares the wilderness of the human body with the landscape. Next topics are related to connection between the body, language and the world of the dreaming, symbols and archetyps. In one part is paid attention to a topic: the body as a border. The conclusion of this project is intended as a list of various ways of ecological work with the body. The author alludes for example holistic perception, techniques of imagination,...
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Life of Indians in the west as reflected in short stories by Sunita Jain
Bočanová, Petra ; Kostič, Svetislav (referee) ; Marková, Dagmar (advisor)
The main goal of the thesis is to evaluate the contribution of the short stories written by Hindi writer, Sunita Jain concerning the cultural differences between the Western and the Indian cultures and the lives of Indian people within the diaspora in the United States. The thesis opens with a brief introduction of the history of the Indian immigration to the United States of America and to England. This historical background is necesarry for understanding the basic elements of what follows. The thesis continues with the description of the main differences between the Western culture and the Indian culture. The content is focused towards the observations highlighted in the selected works by Sunita Jain. The chapter also raises questions on what it means to be an Indian in the world today and how the Indians deal with the balance of spirituality and materialism on home soil. The penultimate chapter, chapter three, looks at the life of Sunita Jain and describes the crucial moments that have affected her writings. The final chapter describes the life of the heros in Sunita Jain's short stories, that are placed in USA or after they returned to India from USA. The chapter also examines the cultural differences as they were grasped by the author, it deals with the common life they lead and compares it to the one...
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Nationalisation in Great Britain 1945-1951
Erva, Martin ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee) ; Kovář, Martin (advisor)
After the W orld War II, one of the biggest socialistic experiments in the democratic world started in the United Kingdom: nationalization. The Labour Party landslide victory in the general election of 1945 was more than just a change of government. First time in history Labour Party came to power with a majority in the House of Commons. As a result of these processes the Labour ministers launched nationalization programme. However, these processes have deeper roots. Nationalization without protests was possible after many years of changes within the British population. The perception of property rights, freedom and role of astate was different than twenty years ago. We have to go back to a period of the Great War, when Great Britain started with reforms of astate that were inspired by Germany. Functions ofthe state were reorganized along German 1ines. Paradoxically, "German's succes" in the World War was a main reason for it. Furthermore, Labour Party had strongly believed in nationa1ization from the times of KarI Marx. For Labour Party nationalisation had been a necessary condition for a socialistic society. The dangerest attack on the freedom and property rights came from the middle way activists, economists and politicians 1ike J.M. Keynes, W. Beveridge and others.
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Identity of the German minority in Krusne mountains
Džambasov, Petr ; Muhič Dizdarevič, Selma (advisor) ; Moree, Dana (referee)
The German minority in our territory developed dramatically during past decades. The development apart of other things shows the process of transformation of our society -from a heterogeneous one before World War II to a homogeneous society after the postwar t ransfer of 3 million Germans from our territory. These aspects have had and st ill have their natural impact on the development of a civil society in our territory. The research of the remaining community of the German citizens' minority in the district of Chomutov brings informat ion about today's situation, about its ident ity and further movement. The space, conditions and the attendance devoted to this minori ty because of creating its own pecul iarity reflect our society' readiness for a return to a multinational , open and plural society - to a stable and conscious civil society.
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Two encounters of the New world: Christobal Columbus and Bartolomé de Las Casas
Legátová, Iveta ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (referee) ; Vydrová, Hedvika (advisor)
TWO ENCOUNTERS OF THE NEW WORLD: CHRISTOBAL COLUMBUS AND BARTOLOMÉ DE LAS CASAS At first, this work introduces us to the history of Europe in the 15th century. Historical cinrcumstances are very important to understand the situation regarding the birth of sea-voyages. In the second part Christobal Columbus is presented: his biography, character and the discovery of the New World. The most important part of this work is anal ysing the Diary of first journey when we meet the way of writing and his st yle of expression. We can observe now Christobal Columbus as an autor writing in spanish, his first testimony about the New World. In the following century, 16th, we learn more of the situation in the New World thanks to the spanish Catholic priest Bartolomé de Las Casas. We look at this man throught the eyes of his faith, convictions and from his writing. We confront Columbus's mere vision with Las Casas's hard realit y caused b y explotation of the New World. One of the main subjects of Las Casas's literature is the defence of the rights of Indians. This new theme is anal yzed philosophicall y, morall y and theologicall y. Facts are based on primary literature and testimonies. Of course, we work with the knowledge of so- called Black legend and accompanying New laws. The conclusion of this work...
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