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Need for self-actualization in patients during hospitalization
VACHTOVÁ, Ivana
Human personality is a dynamic and organized set of characteristics which are in a special relation. Personatity is thought to be determined largely by either genetics and heredity, or by environment and experience, or both. The personal needs are dependent on sex, age, education and differ in different generations. The personality is developed through interaction of life situation, life conditions and the place. Self-fulfillment means to fulfill one´s potencial. It refers to ability to realize one´s own needs and plans. According to Maslow the need of self-actualization belongs to growth needs. Self-realization evokes feelings of happiness and joy. It surpasses everyday routine, it is a spiritual need. The first objective of my thesis was to examine the need of self-realization in hospitalized patients. The second objective was to compare the needs of patients hospitalized in intensive care units to those of patients admitted to planned medical interventions and to those of patients in long-term care facilities. The third objective was to find out nurses´ attitude to hospitalized patients with needs of self-realization. To find relevant data patients hospitalized in intensive care units, patients in long-term care facilities and patients with planned medical interventions were addressed. Nurses taking care of those patients were also asked to take part in the research . Data were collected by the questionnaire method. The hypothesis I suggests that patients treated in intensive care units prefer the treatment which leads to feelings of security and alleviates pain. This hypothesis was confirmed. The hypothesis II suggests that patients admitted to planned medical intervention have more intensive needs of self-realization than patients treated in intensive care units. This hypothesis was not confirmed {--} patients expecting interventions feel the same need of security and pain management as patients hospitalized in intensive care units. The hypotesis III that patients admitted to planned interventions have more intensive needs of self-realization than patients staying in long-term care facilities was not confirmed. According to the data collected, patients in long-term care facilities need pain management and feelings of security, but they also need to be respected as personalities. They prefer to have the strength to fight the disease to the need of having the bed properly made. The hypothesis IV that nurses do not show enough interest in hospitalized patients´needs of self-realization was not confirmed. Nurses are informed enough about patients´ needs. They usually try hard to find the time to talk to patients. The results should make nurses be more aware of the need of lifelong learning despite their enormous workload and care for their own mental and physical health by following principles of mental hygiene. Key words: needs self- fulfillment patient environment relations communication
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The nurse s role in the context of preventive examinations in the office of general practitioner for children and adolescents
TRUČKOVÁ, Zdeňka
Primary care in the health sector is an important part of an effective and functional health care system of every country. It represents the key factor for maintaining good health of the Czech Republic population. It is mainly the pediatricians and pediatric nurses who are irreplacable in their role. They provide health care for children along with assisting with the acquirement of correct habits in taking care of one's health to ensure a long and good quality life. Health education is of great significance especially with children and youth where appropriate monitoring of their health state and development is a necessary precondition for them to embark successfully on their journey of life. The main aim of the thesis is to determine the role of nurses in routine checkups of children and youth and to describe the content and rules of these checkups according to the Czech legislation. Another goal is to describe, based on legislative sources, the changing role of the pediatric nurse since 1990.Firstly, it was necessary to trace down the development of the discipline by means of changes in the legislation. Secondly, the reflection of these changes in professional literature was captured, primarily with respect to prevention. The crucial, concluding part of the paper focuses on how the above mentioned factors affect the form of routine checkups and the nurse's role in them. It also mentions important particulars of routine checkups, such as vaccination, monitoring psychomotor development, or assessing nourishment. The research paper is composed as a theoretical review thesis. For the purpose of the bachelor thesis, qualitative research survey has been used employing the method of secondary analysis of relevant sources. It is a systematic own research with bibliographical sources. After an analysis of the obtained data their synthesis followed, then comparation and assessment. Bibliographial research on the studied issues is based on scientific publications and Czech legislation. The bachelor thesis describes the changing role of the pediatric nurse since the initial phases of nursing care, the way pediatric nurses have been trained and what their role has been in primary preventive pediatric care and education on health. Furthermore, it deals with the changing competence and image of the pediatric nurse. Cooperation with the pediatrician is crucial, as well as building a relationship with both the child and the parents. Act no. 96/2004 Coll., on paramedical jobs, specifies the conditions for gaining and recognizing the competence to perform paramedical jobs and imposes the obligation for lifelong learning. The responsibilities and competence of the pediatric nurse to perform the specialized job is given in Decree no. 55/2011 Coll. of the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic, on the activities of medical staff and other specialized workers. This decree enables nurses to assume higher competence which entails higher quality and expertness of the job and therefore a requirement for specialized professional and higher education of the nurses. The particular activities of the pediatric nurse are defined by § 51 of the Decree no. 424/2004 Coll., on the activities of medical staff and other specialized workers. In the general practice of a pediatrician, the pediatric nurse provides complex medical treatment, preventive and therapeutic care to children from birth until the age of 19. Routine checkups of children and youth are defined legislatively by Decree no. 70/2012 Coll., on routine checkups. It delineates the content and schedule of the routine checkups of children and youth. Mandatory vaccination is part of the routine checkups. The significance of the routine checkups of children and youth is often underrated by the general public.
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Knowledges of nurses about classified crisis intervention on the standard internal and surgery wards
SOCHOROVÁ, Alena
Crisis intervention introduces professional help to a person in crisis. Every person experiences their crisis in specific way. Crisis intervention doesn`t only mean communication skills, which include verbal, nonverbal, and paraverbal areas. Even though crisis intervention is especially a domain of psychiatric units, knowledge of it is important even in departments not specifically conversant with illnesses of psyche. In health care within the Czech Republic exist standards for crisis intervention not yet clearly defined. It is provided by a clinical psychologist as a professional service, or in the terms of psychotherapy, a person who is competent to give systematic psychotherapy in health care (clinical psychologist, doctor {--} psychiatrist with specified education). The steps of professional crisis intervention are among the basic working tools of a nurse. The knowledge of crisis intervention from nurses and its usage in communication with patients presents significant improvement of the nursing (caring) system of clients who are in crisis situation. The chapter current status discusses crisis, crisis intervention, questions of nursing, and about the role of the nurse in crisis intervention. The goal of this work was to explore the knowledge of nurses in professional crisis intervention. In the research process, I focused myself on the nurses{\crq} professional crisis intervention knowledge. In addition, I focused on how the nurses perceive the importance of professional communication with patients and, last but not least, whether the nurses perceive patients` problems solely on a physical level, or also as a psycho {--} social {--} spiritual part of a human, even within the perception of crisis situations. The first stated hypothesis called ``Nurses do not have efficient knowledge in crisis intervention{\crqq} was confirmed. The second stated hypothesis, ``Nurses do not have sufficient information sources{\crqq}, was not confirmed. And the third hypothesis called ``Nurses do not know the rules of communication with components of crisis intervention{\crqq} was also confirmed.
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Art Education in Japan/School - ethnographic study
Karpetová, Barbora ; Slavík, Jan (advisor) ; Horáček, Radek (referee) ; Babyrádová, Hana (referee)
Tato práce zkoumá japonskou výtvarnou výchovu jako vyučovací předmět. Reflektuje jak po stránce formální, tak obsahové japonský vzdělávací systém a rovněž umožňuje vhled do různých vrstev japonské kultury. Výzkum byl veden kombinací metod pedagogicko-etnografických a kulturně- antropologických. Informace čerpal především z terénního výzkumu prováděného v Japonské škole v Praze a v některých školách v Japonsku v Ósace v letech 1986-2006. Kromě podrobné analýzy osnov, učebnic, náplně práce učitele a historie vývoje výtvarné výchovy se tato práce věnuje odlišnému chápání tvořivosti, která je v Japonsku vnímána především jako kolektivní kontinuální proces, jemuž mohou být nápomocni všichni členové společnosti. Iniciaci tvořivých "mechanismů" napomáhají mimo jiné i metody výuky, které se nezasvěcenému pozorovateli jeví jako netvořivé kopírování. Právě v tomto bodě dochází nejčastěji k nedorozumění a konfrontaci se západním pojetím. Jedním z cílů t é to práce je tento problém osvětlit, a obohatit tak naše znalosti geneze tvořivých procesů. S postupující globalizací a asimilací kultur vyvstává potřeba "mezinárodní výchovy". Nutnost hledání základních postupů vedoucích k poznání a pochopení jiných kultur. Výchova k empatii vůči příslušníkům jiných národů a jejich specifickým projevům. I v tomto směru tato práce...
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Outdoor activities in children's homes and institutes
Nováková, Petra ; Turčová, Ivana (advisor) ; Nováková, Lenka (referee)
Title: Outdoor activities in institutional care Aim of the thesis: The aim of this work is to chart oudoor activites in institutional care in Liberec region. As well as to determine the types of outdoor activites and the time spent by doing these activities in nature. Methodology of research: I used the questionnaire method for this reasearch. Respondents were given questionnaires with open and closed questions concerning the topic. The data were processed quantitatively and were set out into pie charts. Results: In the questionnaire, I found out that educators believe that outdoor activities are suitable for children from institutional care. They are not only a good tool for making new contacts, but especially as a tool for increasing children's responsibility and self-knowledge. Most of the outdoor activities are used in the form of games or walks in nature. Activities that are least accessible are climbing and swimming. Top children's activity is playing on the computer and walks with friends. Playing games and collecting wild fruits are the most enjoyable outdoor activities for children. Outdoor activities bring mainly joy, fun and new experience to children. They think that they will get to know better their friends and strengthen the confidence among them during outdoor activities. Keywords:...
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Cooperation of schools and external partners on the development of environmental awareness among students
Frýblová, Jitka ; Veselý, Arnošt (advisor) ; Hiekischová, Michaela (referee)
This master thesis is concerned with current issues of educational politics, namely the integration of environmental aspects into the curriculums of grammar schools and high schools. Environmental education, and awareness raising has appeared in schools following the introduction of the framework education programme as one of its cross-curricular subjects, reflecting new social needs. While there lies a great potential for the development of our education system within cross-curricular subjects and framework education programmes, these also introduce new requirements for teachers, who are not always quite prepared for dealing with them. The introduction of external partners into education is one possible way of dealing with those requirements, as these external partners have many years of experience with ecology oriented education programmes and their methodical specifics. The presented master thesis familiarizes the reader with the individual forms of cooperation among schools and external partners and tries to generalize its pros and cons and outline the possibility of engaging external educational partners in teaching subjects other than environmental education. The paper deals with a multidisciplinary topic in which the findings of public policy, pedagogy, ethics and ecology intertwine. The...
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Prevention of HIV/AIDS at basic schools in Pilsner region
ŠPELINOVÁ, Táňa
The widespread epidemic HIV/AIDS still remains a confirmed and terminal disease without any currable vaccine and therapy. The only means of protection to resist an infection and HIV spread is a patient´s education, motivation and proper prevention, whose essential tool for everybody is getting information. Especially young people are threatened by the attack of that infection, so mainly basic school should participate in the HIV/AIDS prevention. The first aim of my thesis is to find out, whether and what preventive activities are accomplished at basis schools in Pilsner Region. The research work has a qualitative character. The applied method was a questionaire which was sent and applied to 31 organizations associated in Forum of non-governmental organizations at National Comisssion for HIV/AIDS problem solving in 2006. Another applied method was the derived analysis of data and documents. The second aim of my thesis was to find out basic pupil´s knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection. A qualitative research was chosen to achieve objective results. A questionaire was a research method. 319 pupils from 8th and 9th classes created a selective group. HIV/AIDS problems are always included in some school subjects at all the basic schools. Tution of the appropriate topic is provide only by school teachers and outweighs the use of supporting preventive programmes. Increased demands on school teachers education about HIV/AIDS result from that fact. Basis school pupils have basic knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection. Most pupils acquired information about HIV/AIDS at basic schools. Pupils consider a condom to be a hundrer-per-cent protection to resist veneral diseases. Despite the knowledge of this danger pupils don´t feel threatened by HIV/AIDS infection. Results of my thesis proved that as for information handover, the prevention accomplished at basic schools is efficient. Pupils´ have information about HIV/AIDS. If they act up to them even in possible risky situations that is another question. Since it is a serious problem, it seems to be necessary to keep acting this prevention whose part should be not only the information handover, but also the action at pupil´s behaviour and their responsibility.
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Physics measurements and health education
HAJDUCH, Petr
The thesis "Physical measurements and health education" looks at physical quantities that are related to human health and can be measured in a elementary school environment. It focuses especially on the cross-curricular relationship between physics and health education and also on the use of relevant online measurement systems. As part of this thesis, we suggest a number of activities that exploit this relationship.
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Multiculture Education in Czech Basic Schools
Pařízková, Petra ; Dobiášová, Karolína (advisor) ; Jelínková, Marie (referee)
Czech society's attitudes to minorities are relatively negative or xenophobic. Due to globalization is the number of immigrants in our society permanently rising and that's why it's necessary to prepare next generations, via multicultural education, to living in plural society and to respecting different ways of life. That's why I deal with the question, how multicultural education works in practice in my diploma thesis. The aim is trough qualitative research (document analysis and case study) find out activities of state, non-governmental sector and teachers and possible shortcomings in multicultural education. Another aim is to explore results of multicultural education that means knowledge of students and whether the number of minorities in school could affect multicultural education. This hypothesis wasn't validated and the research exposed that different number of minorities in school doesn't affect the education. However, what could negatively affect multicultural education are medium, unsuitable educational materials, unsatisfactory training of teachers and control of multicultural education in practice, causing that students are quite good informed on the one hand, nevertheless they got negative attitudes to minorities on the other hand.
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