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The function and role of profit in the company
VRZÁKOVÁ, Tereza
To evaluate the role and importance of its profits in the corporate practice of measuring, mapping the factors affecting its size. On the basis of the financial statements of the chosen company to analyze the time evolution of the profit resp. development of it designed ratios for 3-5 years.
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Role of wetlands in water budget of landscape
Pokorný, J. ; Lhotský, R.
Wetlands are unterstood as shallow, seasonally or permanently waterlogger or flooded areas which normaly suppostr hydrophytic vegetation. Various definitions of wetlands are given. Water retention above soil surface, in wetland soil and role of wetland plants in water cycle and solar energy dissipation are briefly explained. Examples of long term monitoring water retention in a peat bog and functioning of a wetland landscape during flood are given. Role of watelands in landscape restoration is mentioned.
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The role and differences of traditional international trade centers
Plaček, Lukáš ; Sato, Alexej (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jiří (referee)
The thesis discusses the differences and the role of the traditional centers of international trade. It is conducted through comparative analysis of the two ports in the open and closed economy - Rotterdam and Alexandria. In the first chapter, that is based on the theoretical and analytical frame, are specified the relevant facts and empirical findings in the field of international trade, centers of the international trade and maritime transport. The second chapter named Characterization and comparison of national economies deeper investigates the environment in which are the selected ports located. Chapter three and four deal with the Rotterdam respectively Alexandria in the detail view consisting of a historical context, profile and description of the port, the commodity structure, current development, future plans, related industrial regions and areas. The last chapter contains a comparison of the Rotterdam and Alexandria, including SWOT analysis.
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The role of polyploidisation in the evolution of the genus Chenopodium with a focus on Chenopodium quinoa
Babčanová, Natália ; Štorchová, Helena (advisor) ; Cvrčková, Fatima (referee)
Chenopodium is a cosmopolitan paraphyletic genus. Belongs to the Amaranthaceae family and the Chenopodioideae monophyletic subfamily. Diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid species are found in almost all evolution branches of Chenopodioideae, in the case of Chenopodium album, different degrees of ploidy occur within a single species. The degree of ploidy is an important factor in the study of evolution and phylogenetic relationships between Chenopodium species and it also affects the speciation and morphology. The genus Chenopodium includes weeds as well as cultivated crops, such as Chenopodium quinoa, Ch. pallidicaule, Ch. ambrosioides or Swaeda foliosa. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is the best known species of the Chenopodium genus. It is an allotetraploid (2n = 4x = 36), derived from the same albeit not yet known diploid parents as a closely related tetraploid Ch. berlandieri. Some of its alleles segregate as in a functional diploid, which complicates genetic analyses and breeding efforts. This species features high genetic variability due to gene flow between weed and crop populations and some other evolution processes that are affected by polyploidy. Quinoa is referred to as a pseudocereal and it has been used as a crop in South America as early as in the Inca times. It can survive at locations unsuitable...
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Molecular adaptations of adipose tissue in relation to dietary treatment of obesity in human
Tencerová, Michaela ; Štich, Vladimír (advisor) ; Flachs, Pavel (referee) ; Kazdová, Ludmila (referee) ; Kunešová, Marie (referee)
The general goal of this work was to investigate the molecular adaptations of human AT in relation to DIs with respect to its secretory activity as well as cellular composition focused on macrophages population. Specifically, we studied the role of novel adipokines, such as visfatin and RBP4, related to insulin resistance and AT metabolism. Furthermore, we wanted to characterize the effect of the dietary-induced changes on the content of ATM together with metabolic amelioration. In our studies, we found that lifestyle modifications had a beneficial effect on metabolic and biochemical parameters depending on the duration and type of DI. Regarding both of the investigated adipokines, visfatin and RBP4, we revealed modifications at the transcriptional and cirulating levels during DI. However, we did not find any association with the pattern of evolution of insulin resistance. Our findings do not support a clear hypothesis on the role of these adipokines in the diet-induced improvement of insulin sensitivity and other obesity-related metabolic disturbances. In respect to the changes of ATM content during long-term DI, we demonstrated using flow cytometry that the AT composition was changed at the end of the whole dietary intervention (i.e. after WM phase). This diet-induced AT remodelling was expressed by a...
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The development of Leishmania in the insect vector of the genus Phlebotomus
Kvapilová, Kateřina ; Volf, Petr (advisor) ; Bilej, Martin (referee)
The work was focused on the study of various aspects of development of Leishmania in vectors of genus Phlebotomus and can be divided into two main parts. In the first part, we studied the competition of Leishmania major and L. turanica during their development in the sand flies who are natural vectors of L. major using the experimental co-infections of fluorescently marked promastigots of these two species. While both leishmania species developed similar in the intestine of Phlebotomus papatasi, L. turanica prevailed in P. duboscqi in the late stages of infection. The fluorescent marking of Leishmania should allow us also to study possible genetic exchange between species at different stages of Leishmania infection (2nd, 9th and 14th day after the infective feeding). Using the flow cytometry (FACS) we have repeatedly identified dozens of objects emitting red and green signals in the intestinal homogenates of co-infected sand flies, however further analysis with confocal microscope disproved these objects as the hybrid promastigots of Leishmania. In the second part of this thesis we investigated the role of L. major genes HASP and SHERP, which lies on the locus LmcDNA16 and are expressed exclusively in metacyclics. We used mutant lines KO (lacking the locus LmcDNA16) and HASPB (KO line with gene...
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The Role of Institutional Decentralization in China´s economic development
Kaše, Pavel ; Mládek, Josef (advisor) ; Řežábek, Pavel (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the process of reforms of Chinese institutional environment since 1978. The first part deals with the definition of quality institutional environment, theoretical attitudes to the role of a government in an economical growth of a country and description of unique qualities of the Chinese economy. Next parts focus on the explanation of individual reform steps and its impacts on Chinese national economy and comparison of Chinese reforms with Vietnamese reforms as similar kinds of reforms of Southeast Asian countries. The main contribution of the thesis is an analysis of success of the Chinese institutional environment reformation that can be used as the guideline for a convenient economic policy in developing countries.
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The role of ATM in breast cancer
Soukupová, Jana ; Pohlreich, Petr (advisor) ; Souček, Pavel (referee) ; Foretová, Lenka (referee)
Incidence of breast cancer is continuously increasing in the Czech Republic. Tumor development is a result of gene alterations'accumulation, particulary associated with genes involved in regulation of cell growth and division. Hereditary carcinomas account for approximately 5-10% of all breast tumors and in 60-80% cases are caused by a germline mutation in the major predisposition genes BRCA1 and BRCA2. Nevertheless, other genes, mostly of lower penetrance, may play a role in breast pathogenesis such as the ATM tumor-suppressor gene. ATM is the apex of the repair pathway of DSB. This protein kinase activates through phosphorylation of its substrates cell cycle checkpoints, which leads either to the delay of the cell cycle progression until DSB are repaired or to the promotion of apoptosis. To sum up, the ATM gene seems to have a role in breast cancer development in a minority of the high-risk families in our population which is significantly lower compared to BRCA1/2 and it also seems to be involved in pathogenesis of sporadic breast cancer. Despite the ATM gene's length, we do not perform the preventive screening of this gene in breast cancer high-risk families. Nevertheless, we offer the molecular diagnostics of ATM to ataxia telangiectasia patients.
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Antibodies against sand flies saliva in domestic animals from endemic areas of visceral leishmaniasis
Košťálová, Tatiana ; Volf, Petr (advisor) ; Kopecký, Jan (referee)
The main aim of this thesis was to test sera of domestic animals from endemic areas of visceral leishmaniasis in north and northwest Ethiopia for antibodies against presumed vector P. orientalis salivary glands and to clarify behavior of the sand fly and the role of domestic animals in transmission of visceral leishmaniasis. Specific IgG antibodies against P. orientalis saliva were tested in dogs, cattle, goats, sheep and donkeys. Above the cut-off value there was 76 % analyzed dogs, 15 % cattle, 26 % goats, 60 % sheep and 45 % donkeys. Dogs, goats and donkeys revealed significantly higher anti-P. orientalis antibodies compared to control animals. In the case of cattle, goats and donkeys cut-off levels were very high and is questionable if observed results are relevant. Canine sera were screened also for anti-P. orientalis IgG2 and 88% of Ethiopean sera revealed significantly higher IgG2 than control sera. The next aim was to detect if canine sera from Ethiopia with anti-P. orientalis antibodies react with other bloodsucking insect saliva by using immunoblotting method. In saliva of sand fly Sergentomyia schwetzi, which is abundant in Ethiopia, canine sera reacted mostly with 36, 37 and 51 kDa proteins. Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus is cosmopolitan species and canine sera most intensely...
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The role of the word of God in christian spiritual life
Olivová, Jana ; Kohut, Pavel Vojtěch (advisor) ; Ventura, Václav (referee)
RÉSUMÉ The problem of word of God in spiritual life of the Christian The topic of this work is Holy Scripture - Word of God - from the sight of spiritual life. What is the Bible for Christian? How it can be influent for our daily life? How the Church understood the Holy Scripture? Theoretic resource of this work is teaching of the Second Vatican council about word of God, especially constitution "Dei verbum". There were basic ideas of this teaching formed in Century 19th by biblical movement, which made an effort for more serious thinking in the faith through the come back to the source of the Holy Scripture. The principal points of the teaching of the Second Vatican council about word of God are followed: "The Scripture" is revelation of the God. The God reveals us in the Scripture his plan of the salvation which culminate by the coming the Son of God into the world. The Holy Scripture is inspired word of living God therefore the church has it in honest and love. The constitution "Dei verbum" speaks the table of the word of God in the same level as the eucharist. Through the Scripture we meet the God that is why it is for faithful "food" on the way to the salvation. The teaching of the Council had opened the way to the study of the Scripture based on the scientific level. It also encouraged lay people to...
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