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The Macroeconomic Impacts of the Selected Oil Shocks in the United States of America
Šikulová, Markéta ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Tajovský, Ladislav (referee)
The aim of this study is to analyze macroeconomic impacts of four selected oil shocks on the United States economy and their subsequent comparison. The first part of this study deals with the theoretical background of supply shock, its influence on the economy, and the possible responses of economic policy. Furthermore, in the first part I focus on the historical events that led to the oil crisis, specifically on the OPEC oil embargo imposed on the United States, production cuts caused by the Iranian revolution, Iran-Iraq War and Persian Gulf War and on the demand as well as the supply factors that led to the oil shock of 2007-2008. The second part of this study presents the specific impacts of four selected oil shocks on the US economy and their comparison. Based on the findings, it was possible to confirm the hypothesis saying that past oil shocks, especially those that took place in the 1970's, had more negative impacts on the United States economy in comparison with those that happened more recently. In other words, that the effects of changes in oil prices have lessened over time. There are many reasons of this moderation, but the most important ones include more effective monetary policy response, the decrease in wage rigidities, and more recently also the decline of United States dependency on imported oil.
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Reduction of scrapping in ZR projects
Urbanová, Simona ; Doňarová, Jana (referee) ; Fiala, Alois (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with reduction of scrapping at zero rework projects. These are the projects where corrections of particular parts are not allowed. If there are any in this way damaged parts, the entire products become scraps. Due to the fact the cost of low quality is increased, which is undesirable. The theoretical part describes the use of the six sigma method, which is then applied in the practical part. By using the IPO analysis the possible causes of the main problem have been chosen and then tested. The output of the diploma thesis is to find out and eliminate the causes of discrepancy, especially bridge walls at zero rework projects. After implementation of the first arrangements the scrapping has already been reduced.
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Sustainable tourism development of Vysocina Region
Veselá, Markéta ; Macháček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vondráková, Zuzana (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of sustainable tourism development at the regional level. This phenomenon is elaborated on the example of Vysocina Region. To evaluate sustainability of its development, the potential of this touristic destination is researched regarding various areas, including key products. These are subjected to comparisons with recommendations of significant tourism organization for the purpose of assessing the sustainability of tourism. The diploma thesis also includes a comparison with other Czech regions experience as a touristic destination. Vysocina Region has favourable initial conditions for its sustainable development, especially regarding supply of key products, which include both environmentally friendly goods and cultural attractiveness contributing to the personal development of individuals and promoting intercultural tolerance. The main issue appears to be the spatial imbalance of its development in the region, caused mainly by the concentration of tourist activities to certain areas and low local initiative in the less attractive areas. The diploma thesis proposes a number of solutions, such as utilization of geocaching and products of gastroturism, supporting the foundation of local destination management organisations, promoting cycling tourism and the foundation of highly visited tourist destinations.
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The optimization of phosphate binders compozition used for refractories
Kalousová, Hana ; Ptáček, Petr (referee) ; Opravil, Tomáš (advisor)
This thesis deals with optimization of the composition phosphate binders. These binders are used in production of refractories. In this branch, the bauxite is very often used as an aggregate, but it contains tiny particles of iron which arise in milling process. These particles of iron react with the phosphate binder to form hydrogen – it is consequence of the reaction between phosphoric acid and iron. The formed gas causes the formation of bubbles and the deformation of refractories. The goal of this thesis is to find suitable additives which can be used to stop or to limit the production of hydrogen. Usually used binders were replaced by a model binder to simplify the system and for better understanding. The model binder was prepared in laboratory by dissolving aluminium hydroxide in phosphoric acid. They used pure powdered pentacarbonyl iron instead of tiny iron particles from the milling process. The model binder was modified with using a few inhibitors. The calcimetr was used to measure their influence on the production of hydrogen, as well as measuring concentrated rows of selected inhibitors. These rows are necessary to optimize the inhibitors quantity added in the binder.
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20th CENTURY AS AN EXPERIENCE OF ONE CONCRETE WOMAN
Svobodová, Jana ; Sokolová, Věra (advisor) ; Kiczková, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of my diploma work is to find, how are concrete periods and events reflected in a life of concrete women, how were her acts influenced by gender norms and stereotypes of the society, and how much felt this woman limited by them. As a method was chosen the oral history, that enables working with the life stories of people of all kinds of social status and experiences. Its based on biografical life stories, that are analized and interpreted by the research. In the case of my narrator was chosen my grandma, born in the 1922 in agricultural society. This caused that her life experiences dont correspond with the picture of her period, that we know from the historiographical mainstream production, accenting the city middle classes. Therefore it is - by usány the oral history and the analytical category gender - possible to make an original wiev at the events and period of the twentieth century in the way lived by concrete women. This wiev, often marginalizing political events accented by mainstream history, and accenting everyday life influenced by the gender system more, is the vivid proof how much different can be the apprehention of the life according to the context and the concrete life experiences.
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Analysis of Iron-Phosphorus Reaction Products Formation During Heat Treatment Processes
Skoumalová, Zuzana ; Jan, Vít (referee) ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor)
During high pressure pulsation tests repeated cracks of CP3. housings occur. High pressure pump CP3 is part of injection system Common Rail. Cracks can be caused by segregation of phosphorous from a washing medium on grain boundaries during subsequent heat treatment process. The present master´s thesis focuses on analysis of phosphorous compounds on specimen surface made from steel 20MnCr5, which were soaked in solutions with different concentration of phosphorous. Master’s thesis is also focused on potencial influence of phosphorous on structure and properties of this material. The first part of the thesis provides a summary of current knowledge in the studied field, experimental results can be found in the second part. The surface analysis XPS, the light microscopy, the scanning electron microscopy equipped by energy dispersive chemical analysis, the glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, the methods of the phase analysis by means of the X-ray diffraction and impact test were used.
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The role of innate immunity cells in the pathogenesis of celiac disease
Dáňová, Klára ; Palová Jelínková, Lenka (advisor) ; Černý, Jan (referee)
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease which occurs in susceptible individuals after ingestion of food containing gluten. Gluten and its monomeric fraction gliadin induce inflammatory damage of the small intestine by activating the immune cells that react strongly to gluten peptides. Gluten peptides have the ability to activate cells of adaptive as well as innate immune system. This work is focused on the production of interleukin (IL)-1 in antigen presenting cells stimulated with peptic gliadin digest. We found that monocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from blood of celiac patients secrete significantly more IL-1α and IL-1β than cells of healthy donors after stimulation with gliadin digest. The gliadin-induced IL-1β expression is controlled by a signaling cascade that includes MAPK kinase family molecules and transcription factor NF-κB. Moreover, we found that the adaptor proteins MyD88 and TRIF as well as Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and 4 play a role in the signaling cascade underlying gliadin-induced IL-1β expression by using murine bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDC). The precursor form of IL-1β in gliadin- stimulated PBMC and murine BMDC is maturated by caspase-1. In celiac PBMC the gliadin- induced maturation and secretion of IL-1β depends on the potassium...
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The way of consumerism in the interwar Czechoslovakia nn the example of consumption of coffee, cocoa, chocolate and tea.
Syrová, Tereza ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Jančík, Drahomír (referee) ; Štemberk, Jan (referee)
Dissertation thesis discusses the consumption of cocoa, coffee, tea and chocolate in the interwar period in the Czechoslovakia. On the basis of statistical data and examination of archival sources comes with the definition of the middle classes of the population, which those commodities consumed. The thesis shows the distribution of consumption of commodities based on the survey in blue-collar and white-collar families. Furthermore provides insight into the lives of families, distribution of their spending and the size of income. It refers to the representation of cocoa, coffee, tea and chocolate in the consumer basket and shows the elasticity of the mentioned commodities. For the central part of the research of the dissertation thesis chose the Czech territory only, because here were without difficulty accessible data sources. The Dissertation thesis clarifies the causes of consuming cocoa, coffee, tea and chocolate and concludes that each was consumed from another purpose, which resulted status of these commodities. Tea consumption has been designed especially for the higher classes of the population, chocolate bought mostly white-collar family, but over twenties speared consumption of chocolate products also among the middle and lower classes into the population. The chocolate products were subject to early 20s of the luxury tax. Cocoa was used in connection with cooking and baking, but families didnt use this product frequently. Coffee drank all layers of the population, but consumption was based on the social status of the consumer. Very frequently families consume rye coffee and chicory coffee. Dissertation thesis also highlights the regional differences between the classes, which were further intensified. Thesis examines in detail the amount of the duties of the commodity, which in the interwar period varied widely, and concludes that the duty to disproportionately increase the price of products and made it impossible for consumers to buy more of cocoa, coffee, tea and chocolate.
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