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Využití opticky zachycené sondy pro studium velmi slabých interakcí na molekulární úrovni - přehled
Zemánek, Pavel ; Jonáš, Alexandr
A micron-sized dielectric particle confined in a laser trap can be employed as a probe for the measurement of forces in the range from piconewtons to hundreds of piconewtons. Thus, if a biological system of interest (e.g. DNA molecule, single myosin or kinesin molecule, cell membrane) is attached to such a probe, its mechanical and dynamical properties (elasticity, viscosity, forces associated with movement) can be studied during its interaction with the environment with unprecedented resolution. This article introduces the basic principles of the laser trapping and force measurement and illustrates on several examples the great potential of the light-based force transducer for exploiting non-invasively the dynamics of molecular systems
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Supervision of volunteers in nonprofit organizations
Beerová, Michala ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Šerák, Michal (referee)
The theme of the presented bachelor thesis is the process of supervision and the volunteerism. Volunteering is an important subject in today's society and essentials workforce in social work. The aim of this work is to focus on the non-profit sector and try to describe it. Furthermore, there is an explanation of the position of volunteers in these organizations and supervision in social work. Supervision is one of the managerial function in non-profit organizations, which is widely and long-term applied. The thesis wants to show basics, consequences and benefits of volunteer's supervision. Providing supervision is one of the main objectives of the organization to support staff or their volunteers. This bachelor thesis explores volunteering and supervision in two countries, the Czech Republic and Sweden. This thesis compares two different approaches, based on history of these two countries. Volunteering and supervision are very interesting features of the non-profit organizations. The practical part of this thesis comprises from qualitative investigation of different nonprofit organizations. The organizations were interviewed to get information about the purpose of the volunteering, educational potential of supervision and the current situation of volunteer supervision there. The aim of this investigation...
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How are high school students informed about virus biology
Solarová, Pavlína ; Drda Morávková, Alena (advisor) ; Fraiberk, Martin (referee)
Biology is the study of viruses, which are engaged in teaching 2-3 lessons. During those hours, students must not only absorb information about the structure and function of the virus, but also the reproduction of the organism, several representatives and, ultimately, diseases that cause that exists prevention and treatment these diseases. Students remember what it is for the vaccine, the virus infects whom, how they can get infected or what the immune system. What makes the problem of students are questions: which of the viral disease is, what constitutes a viral particle, or what is an infectious disease. In the RVP G is determined curriculum is very vaguely. The teacher thus has a certain freedom in creating the ŠVP and its preparations. To more precise what students should know for graduation, testing requirements used common catalog of the school-leaving examination in this case of biology, who has broken the outputs of the curriculum of all biological disciplines.
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Poetry of Karel Hlaváček
Loučková, Tereza ; Kořená, Markéta (advisor) ; Binar, Vladimír (referee)
Moje diplomová práce má přiblížit poetiku Karla Hlaváčka ve všech čtyřechjeho sbírkách. Pod slovo poetika jsem zahrnula versologii (metrum, rytmus, rýmy ... ), eufonii, básnické figury, tropiku, slovník, motivy a kompozici. Pokusím se o podrobný rozbor všech složek Hlaváčkovy poezie, zcela ponechávám stranou interpretaci, kteráje dalším, velmi specifickým stupněm rozboru básnického díla a vyžadovala by samostatné bádání. Diplomová práce je tedy členěna na čtyři základní oddíly, z nichž každý patří jedné Hlaváčkově sbírce. Každý má svůj vlastní krátký úvod, ve kterém uvádím kdy ajak daná sbírka vznikla. Následuje vlastní rozbor, ten má ukázat především Hlaváčkovy přednosti a tvárné prostředky, které se vyskytují ve všech sbírkách, tedy to, co je typicky hlaváčkovské. Analýza sbírek je prováděna krok za krokem podle běžného schématu: rytmický rozboreufonický rozbor - sémantický rozbor - motivicko-kompoziční rozbor. Těžiště mé práce je však ve výběru a uvádění dostatečného množství příkladů ve všech oddílech, protože především díky nim se ozřejmí všechny zvláštnosti Hlaváčkova básnického jazyka; často je i popis zbytečný, úryvky básní hovoří samy za sebe a není třeba je dále rozebírat. Navíc se tak každému čtenáři naskýtá možnost najít mezi uváděnými příklady další a další zajímavé zvukové (a jiné) souhry a...
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The tax system reduces motivation to return to work among mothers with young children: recommendations and evaluation
Šatava, Jiří
In the Czech Republic, the overall taxation of work, i.e individuals' income tax together with social security and health insurance contributions, places a heavy burden even on the relatively low earnings of so-called second earners in households, i.e. partners with lower earnings. These peoples' work activity is, however, generally very sensitive to the level of taxation. A large group of these earners is made up of mothers with young children. Mothers who are the second earner in their household are subject to a participation tax rate (PTR) up to 30 % higher than their partners, and yet a higher PTR results in lower motivation to work. Women with children and low earning potential are subjected to the highest PTRs in comparison with their partners.
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Access to Information and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters in the Republic of Irealand and the Czech Republic
Vítková, Martina ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Sobotka, Michal (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with access to environmental information and access to justice in environmental matters introduced by Aarhus Convention in the specific conditions of Czech Republic and Ireland. These rights are considered to be very important tools for environmental protection. At a time when people threaten their own existence by negative interference with the environment it is necessary that effective means for its protection exist. These means are access to environmental information and access to justice in environmental matters, which together can be called as environmental procedural rights. The first chapter of this thesis presents the sources of environmental procedural law and observes the development of law at international, European and national level. The most important international document in this field is the Aarhus Convention that was adopted in 1998 by most of the European countries and that provides for access to environmental information, access to justice and public participation in environmental decision-making. This convention has largely affected the law of the European Union, where several directives has been adopted, including most importantly the Directive 2003/4/EC on access to environmental information and the Directive 2003/35/EC on public participation in...
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Nurse in the Course of Time - the History of the Nursing Profession in the Czech Lands
KOPULETÁ, Martina
The aim of this thesis is to map the historic development of the nursing profession in Czech nursing from the past to the present. The Bachelor thesis is composed purely theoretically. The development of nursing profession is described in its important millstones. To gain information, it was necessary to peruse a considerable amount of bibliographic publications, research papers and internet sources. Further off the theoretical part was enhanced by memories of former nurses who used to work at hospitals after the World War Two and during the communist regime. The nursing profession has being formed since time immemorial and this process still continues. Wars, social and political situation, scientific progress and new knowledge in medicine had a great impact on the foundation of nursing. The nursing profession had to go through a very long, winding and sometimes even thorny journey to get the position of independent scientific discipline, as it is nowadays. The nursing profession routs of in the past. First part of the thesis deals with nursing in the period of the early Middle Ages and describes its first two stages. First stage in nursing dealt with lay nursing care which was performed by family members in their homes. Second stage, charitable nursing, came along with faith in God and Jesus Christ. The church caretakers tended the poorest and needy people in hospitals and poorhouses. A great development in nursing, that also means nursing profession and medicine, was during Crimean War. This period is known as third stage of nursing activity that is the organised nursing. We owe it to Florence Nightingale, Nikolay Ivanovich Pirogov and Jean Henry Dunant. These personalities of world nursing gave the nursing profession solid foundation and order. Next part deals with acquisition of professional skills. The origins of nursing education in this country were significantly influenced by emancipation movements in 19th century led by Eliška Krásnohorská and Karolína Světlá who fought for women's rights and education for women. We have to be grateful to these women for establishment of the first nursing school in Austria-Hungary which was founded in 1874 in Prague. The nursing profession gained importance by foundation of this school and professional aiming education of nurses started being to be formulated. During the time until the World War Two it was mainly members of religious orders who cared about the ill in our hospitals. Nursing education was procured by Česká zemská škola pro ošetřování nemocných before the establishment of Czechoslovakia. At the beginning of the First Czechoslovak Republic civil nurses and graduate nurses were gradually integrated into hospitals where they most frequently hold the position of nurses in charge. Further the Bachelor thesis is about social and working conditions of nurses at ward. The conditions, in which the patients were hospitalized, are described as well.Nursing profession in the course of World War Two (1939 - 1945) monitored a specific development. Nuns had to leave hospitals and were replaced by German caretakers. After the war German doctors and nurses were displaced back to Germany. This unfavourable situation was solved by the return of religious orders, but it did not last long. In the 1950´s they had to leave hospitals again and definitively forever.The bachelor thesis further describes the 1990´s which are the years of enhancing the quality of nursing care and led to gradual gaining of independence in the field of nursing.Finally, personalities of Czech nursing care that anyhow, mainly by their work, contributed to the establishment and development of nursing profession are mentioned at the end of the bachelor thesis.
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Evaluation of the effectiveness of teaching vocational subjects depending on physical activity before schooling.
Janošíková, Martina ; Hanušová, Marie (advisor)
The period of transition to secondary school brings substantial changes in the requirements for study obligations, autonomy, communication, expression, or separated from their families in the form of staying at the dormitory. Students enrolled in sport centers, in addition to these changes, still struggling with the responsibilities associated with sport. Because they are students first through fourth grades of secondary schools and secondary vocational schools, an age when image self-I am, what I believe in, arises in interactions with the outside world and their own experience, plays a very important role to influence the environment, educators, teachers and trainers, with which students spend most of their time in practice. This study looks at students comprehensively in terms of personal development as a multifactorial biopsychosocial unit, in terms of cognitive and motivational processes, states and properties from the perspective of social psychology dealing with the interactions, relationships and communication, psychology of individuals within the social group and its importance for the development of the individual . It monitors conditions and educational outcomes in terms of educational psychology, dealing with forming properties, opinions, attitudes and value orientation from the perspective of educational psychology.
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Cooperation with incomplete monitoring
Caisl, Jakub ; Bauer, Michal (advisor) ; Červinka, Michal (referee)
We approach the topic of provision of public goods in an experimental economic study using the Public Goods Game setting. We allow subjects to punish each other but vary the structure and amount of information they can base their decisions upon. We try to add to the current literature on reciprocity and study whether people are willing to punish under such incomplete information. Since punishment under uncertain conditions can be quite destructive in terms of welfare, this closely relates to whether people are able to provide public good themselves or whether they need some external assistance. In terms of public policy, this can add to the debate on when should government provide certain services and when it should be left to individuals. In terms of behaviour inside of an enterprise, our study could be well applied to problems that arise when teams work on a common project but some people free-ride on effort of others.
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The role of authority and form of partnership during creation of new choreographic dance piece
Radačovský, Mário ; KAZÁROVÁ, Helena (advisor) ; WIESNER, Daniel (referee)
In our dance life its very important that we meet time to time people who are so incredibly influencetial to us ether positive or negative ways. Some of them are able to influence us so much that we keep this impact which they have made on us for ever.Role of autority and partnership between these two elements is crucial.Its has impact on everyday of our working life.I ca not imagine what can happen if there is not existing somekind of form of partnership in the dance studio.To be dancer is very no simply just job .Is more ,its something truly special what not everyone can understand.The task of my work is to go back in my profesional past ,through out my own memories and profesional experiences to offer some situations when I truly felt presents of authority and partnership .Sometimes only autorithy .I this work Im trying to offer my small stories which I lived thourgh from my prospective and Im tring to analysed them through my own expierience of today.It always about something.We are creating because we want to say things.Journey is very important sometimes more then final outcome.
Now important during this journey is able to see how things are done how we comunicate them and autorities will appear .
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