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Modern Dystopias and Theories of Totalitarianism
Machart, Filip ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The diploma thesis Modern Dystopias and Theories of Totalitarianism deals with comparation of this two phenomena. The thesis is based on the concept of Giovanni Sartori. He understands the phenomenon of totalitarianism as ideal ending of the axis totalitarianism- democracy. Extreme points of this axis fulfill the role of unrealizable ideal regimes. In reality we can only move closer to them but modern dystopias may represent these ideal regimes. The diploma thesis is divided into theoretical and practical section. There is the analyse of five books in the theoretical section which deal with the theory of totalitarianism. The analysis contains the work of Sigmund Neumann, Hannah Arendt, Carl J. Friedrich and Zbigniew K. Brzeziński, Giovanni Sartori and Juan J. Linz. Each theory of totalitarianism is supplemented by reflection from other authors. There is the analyse of five dystopias (J. Zamjatin - We, A. Huxley - Brave New World, G. Orwell - Nineteen Eighty-four, M. Atwood - The Handmaid`s Tale, A. Moore, D. Lloyd - V for Vendetta) in the practical section. The analysis contains the storyline of the book, elements of totalitarian regime in the dystopia and inspiration of author for the world of dystopia. There is elaborated final comparation between theories of totalitarianism and modern dystopias...
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K historii Gymnázia Moravské Budějovice
LOVICAR, Lukáš
This bachelor thesis deals with the historical development of the high school in Moravské Budějovice from its foundation to the present day. In it, we can find a brief description of the historical development of the town of Moravské Budějovice including all the noble families that owned the town. The main part of the bachelor's thesis is devoted to the development of the high school from the first efforts to establish it to the current Gymnázium and SOŠ in Moravské Budějovice in 2022. We will find here a brief description of the construction of the school building, its modernization and the gradual additions and modifications of the surroundings, as well as the development and changes in pedagogical activities and in school activities during the 20th and 21st centuries. Finally, I mention, in my opinion, the most significant educators and graduates. The final part of the work is accompanied by a few photographs illustrating the locality.
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Y. I. Zamyatin's novel We and its reception in Western literature
Sokolová, Dominika ; Hlaváček, Antonín (advisor) ; Vasilyeva, Elena (referee)
This bachelor's thesis describes Zamyatin's novel We and its influence on Western literature. The theoretical part of this thesis further defines the genre of dystopian fiction and examines its main features, introduces the author, his life and the historical and social contexts of this novel. It also delves into the specifics of other literary works that have been strongly inspired by We. The practical part deals with the literary analysis of the novel and compares it to various other influential dystopian fiction works of the 20th century, from both the thematic and linguistic point of view. The goal of this thesis is to show the timelessness of Zamyatin's novel, emphasize his legacy for the future generations and find similarities or differences in the interpretation of totalitarian regimes in Eastern and Western literature. KEYWORDS dystopia, totalitarianism, 20th century, literary analysis, George Orwell, 1984
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Dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1992
Křivánek, Adam ; Lovaš, Karol (advisor) ; Gulda, Jana (referee)
My bachelor thesis deals with the dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1992. Its main part is a radio podcast with a total length of twenty-five minutes and fifty-two seconds, and it aims to bring the complex subject matter to generations born after the events of the early 1990s. In the output, however, I do not only focus on events closely associated with this particular historical period. Instead, from the position of a narrator, based on the knowledge of a high school student, I go through the history of the Czech and Slovak Republics. In doing so, I am looking in particular for the causes and consequences of the dissolution. But in order to avoid plain and boring narrative, my speech is supplemented by numerous archive records and background music. In addition, the podcast is interspersed with answers to my questions from the relevant experts. In an interview recorded especially for this thesis, a historian clarifies key historical contexts and a former high-ranking politician outlines the moods that moved society at the time. A theoretical section also accompanies the work. One of its purposes is to explain what the term podcast means and why I have chosen this particular format. Another is to place the relations between the Czech and Slovak nations in the necessary historical context. Thus, the...
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The Sociology of Emil Lederer and Its Implications for Today
Jáchymová Královcová, Magdalena ; Šubrt, Jiří (advisor) ; Janák, Dušan (referee) ; Havelka, Miloš (referee)
Emil Lederer (1882 - 1939), born in Pilsen, Czech Republic, was an important figure of German social sciences. A close colleague of Max Weber and friend of Karl Mannheim or J. A. Schumpeter, he taught at universities in Heidelberg, Berlin and Tokyo. After fleeing Germany, he helped Alvin Johnson, director of the New School for Social Research, found the "University in Exile." Lederer's research centered on contemporary social problems, approaching them in a critical, objective, empirically- based way. One of the first to study the new middle classes before World War I, he also dealt with unemployment, technological progress and business cycles. Additionally, his analysis of state and its sovereignty in war lead him to study the question of totalitarianism. The present thesis first offers a detailed look at the events in Lederer's life which influenced his scientific work. Its central section presents the main ideas of Lederer's posthumous, and sociologically most important, monograph State of the Masses. Placing it within the context of his previous work, the thesis demonstrates the evolution of Lederer's thinking. By comparing the work with Hannah Arendt's Origins of Totalitarianism the thesis confirms existing assumptions that Lederer's text served as an unrecognized inspiration for Arendt. The...
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Personality Cult in Turkmenistan 1991-2006
Purkertová, Eliška ; Šír, Jan (advisor) ; Horák, Slavomír (referee)
This case study discusses the role of Turkmen president Saparmurat Turkmenbashi's personality cult as a part of Turkmen totalitarian ideology. The work's scope is restricted by a time period beginning with the country's declaration of independence in 1991 and ending by president's death in 2006. The work analyses the manner the personality cult served the president to keep his power. It builds upon a thesis that personality cult is a defining feature of Turkmen totalitarianism. Using empirical analysis, the author attempts to analyze the effects of the personality cult on the society and daily life in Turkmenistan and tries to clarify the mechanisms of political power and the position of the personality cult within the regime. The cult marks many aspects of daily life in Turkmenistan - politics, society, architecture, culture, media and even the schooling system and history interpretation.
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Polish Workers in Czechoslovakia: Unwelcome Friendship: Specific features of temporary labor migration in the socialist system
Klípa, Ondřej ; Kučera, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Zahradníček, Tomáš (referee)
Dissertation Title Polish Workers in Czechoslovakia: Unwelcome Friendship Specific features of temporary labor migration in the socialist system Author Ondřej Klípa Summary The aim of the dissertation is to study the case of Polish workers in Czechoslovakia who were employed on conditions set by intergovernmental treaties. Most of them were women. This case had two specific features. First, it was highly regulated by both of the co-operating states. Second, the state bodies tried to control intensively both the workers in order to isolate them from local population and the public discourse of this topic. In this study I argue that both of the features arise from fundamental elements of socialist system, which are "economy of shortage" and totalitarianism. These elements were identified in the work of Hungarian economist János Kornai. Instead of totalitarianism as a coherent concept I use only certain totalitarian practices that were exercised with variable intensity, depending on circumstances. In the dissertation I examine causality between these two fundamental elements (independent variables) and both regulation and control (dependent variables). For this purpose I consider the studied case as a specific model of temporary labor migration in socialist system. The case is also situated in a broader...
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Comparison of manipulation in totalitarianism and neoliberalism
Smolík, Peter ; Rynda, Ivan (advisor) ; Tollar, Václav (referee)
This study tries to compare processes of social manipulation in totalitarianism and neoliberalism. The main objective of the study is to identify common scopes and aspects of manipulation in totalitarian and neoliberal ideology. In chapter about hermeneutics author describes the method of approach and manner of thinking he used, when he worked with chosen texts. In theoretical part author will set frameworks, which will be crucial for correct understanding of the study. First of all, will author in detail describe phenomena of manipulation. The next part of study sets totalitarianism and neoliberalism in to historic context of modernity ̶ more precisely author distinguish hard and liquid modernity. Author also describes difference between concept of totalitarianism and democracy, as they are crucial for understanding the different political contexts of both ideologies. Main part of the study describes, how both ideologies approaches social manipulation as a tool of governance. Author will do that on the base of detailed description of how both ideologies function. In this description, he will focus on structural role that manipulation has. In discussion author discuss common structural aspects of manipulation, but also, he tries to clarify differences of how both ideologies uses manipulation and...
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