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Jewish Funeral Rituals of Central Europe
Klimo, Markéta ; Damohorská, Pavla (advisor) ; Holubová, Markéta (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with Jewish burial rituals in Central Europe and their forms, especially in the Bohemia, Hungary and Poland, in history and in the present times. It is divided into four parts and includes an introduction and conclusion. The introductory part deals with a different approach of today's secular and Jewish communities to death and burial. It also determines the target and methods of this work. The first part describes the Jewish perception of death and resurrection and its development. It also deals with the connection between the perception of death and faith in the coming of the Messiah, which also undergone some development in history. The second part describes the Jewish burial society called Hevra Kadisha, the reasons for its creation, governance structure, its development and importance in the Jewish community and its activities including their ritual objects. A separate chapter is devoted to the literature of Jewish funeral rites. The third part concerns especially with funeral, but also describes the care of sick and dying. A funeral is divided into chapters on the different stages of its progress, including the differences between communities in different countries. The individual phases includes preparation of the deceased from the moment of death to the lowering...
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Written Voice: Whitman's Leaves of Grass (1855) and Miller's Tropic of Cancer
Skovajsa, Ondřej ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Bílek, Petr (referee) ; Pokorný, Martin (referee)
The PhD. dissertation Written Voice examines how Walt Whitman and Henry Miller through books, confined textual products of modernity, strive to awaken the reader to a more perceptive and courageous life, provided that the reader is willing to suspend hermeneutics of suspicion and approach Leaves of Grass and Tropic of Cancer with hermeneutics of hunger. This is examined from linguistic, anthropological and theological vantage point of oral theory (M. Jousse, M. Parry, A. Lord, W. Ong, E. Havelock, J. Assmann, D. Abram, C. Geertz, T. Pettitt, J. Nohrnberg, D. Sölle, etc.). This work thus compares Leaves (1855) and Tropic of Cancer examining their paratextual, stylistic features, their genesis, the phenomenology of their I's, their ethos and story across the compositions. By "voluntary" usage of means of oral mnemonics such as parallelism/bilateralism (Jousse) - along with present tense, imitatio Christi and pedagogical usage of obscenity - both authors in their compositions attack the textual modern discourse, the posteriority, nostalgia and confinement of literature, restore the body, and aim for futurality of biblical kinetics. It is the reader's task, then, to hermeneutically resurrect the dead printed words of the compositions into their own "flesh" and action. The third part of the thesis...
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Picture of the last judgment in Renaissance Bohemia
Hejná, Tereza Rozálie ; Zlatohlávek, Martin (advisor) ; Nespěšná Hamsíková, Magdaléna (referee)
In my bachelor thesis I deal with portrayal of the Last Judgement in the Czech Republic in 15th -16th century. The first part was conceived as an introduction to Last Judgment - the Last judgment as a socio-cultural phenomenon; causes and history showing the last judgment; iconological-iconographic description of the subject. In the second part I'm devoted to the main topic, portrayal of the last judgment in Bohemia in the 15th-16th century. I'm trying to a compendium of all the works of art in our country, and they are especially frescoes. I also deal with the causes of their emergence, seeking their sources of inspiration and subjugation the iconographic-iconographic analysis. Then compare the individual works, not only among themselves but also with older parts that originated outside our area.
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Elijah in the New Testament and Apocryphal Literature
Hládek, Mária ; Dus, Jan (advisor) ; Mrázek, Jiří (referee)
The prophet Elijah is according to the Hebrew Bible understood as a righteous individual who did not die but was taken to heaven on a fiery chariot. This thesis attempts to clarify how the New Testament and the Old Testament Pseudepigrapha treat this legend in their own contexts which are dependent on the imagery of religious background in which Elijah is expected to return. Since both New Testament and the Old Testament Pseudepigrapha deal with possible or fictitious continuum with the Hebrew Bible, (canon of which was not necessarily settled at the time of creation of a particular New Testament or Pseudepigraphic writing), explicit mention of Elijah the prophet leads to assumptions about the nature of belief in the era of the late Judaism and early Christianity and the manner this legendary motif evolved. Depending on the phenomena and characters Elijah the prophet is dealing with in a particular writing and taking into account religious context of the writing, it is possible to find out which motifs touching this character might be considered to be brought to an end in the Christian canon and which are sort of autonomous in realms influenced by Judeo-Christian materials.
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Atonement and redemption in the novel Crime and Punishment with reference to Biblical texts
Kuthan, Robert ; Lukeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Drozenová, Wendy (referee)
Annotation: This thesis is an attempt for a religous interpretation of Dostoeyevsky's novel Crime and Punishment. The thesis attempts to interpret the novel from the perspective of redemption and atonement. It is not our aim to focus on seperate aspects of the novel. Rather, we wish to provide a complete interpretation of the novel through the religious theme of redemption. By means of Bachtin's method of 'grotesque realism' we observe the development of religous themes in the novel from the perspective of their carnivalisation. We observe the development of the resurrection theme in the novel and find this theme supported by various forms of symbolism of life and death in the novel. This thesis considers Lazarus's story in John 11 as central to the meaning of the novel and focuses on literary elaboration of this evangelical text within the novel.
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Dream about the Paradise on Earth in the Work of Dostojevskij
Netopilová, Barbora ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Sládek, Karel (referee)
The dream about an earthly paradise, rediscovery of an original, absolutely harmonic paradisal life is, in Dostoevskij's opinion, one of the deepest and the most valuable dreams of the human heart. The spiritual course of any human being has its own history, it is born from thesis (babtism), goes through antithesis (crises) and finishes in synthesis (beauty). A man comes from the Eden Paradise and aims at heaven. So, a man in course of his spiritual life is in a real split into two paradises: the Eden Paradise from which he is coming from and the Kingdom of God where he is aiming at. The midpoint of the life course is accompanied by a crisis, that can also be described as separation from the the paradise. The characters of novels by Dostoevskij failed due to the fact, that they were not able to admit their presence between two "paradise states" and so their ideas about earthly paradise establishment were being corrupted. In our piece of work we are going to follow four trends: 1. Time corruption, incorrectly understood sense of history. The tendency to return back where a man came from, in an origenestic, cyclic interpretation of a comeback is apparent in a story The Dream of a Ridiculous Man. Another extreme shows marxism ideas going around Europe which deny both the importance and the sense of...
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Human being by Ibn Rushd and Maimonides
Kopecká, Pavlína ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee)
This thesis interprets the concept of human being in the work of Maimonides and ibn Rushd, two representatives of major Arab and Jewish medieval philosophy. It combines the ancient Greek philosophical tradition, especially Aristotle, with a religious context. When Maimonides and Ibn Rushd tried to harmonize these two traditions, they had to deal with many opposite views, that stemmed from the difference between religious and ancient world. Behind this intellectual ground have they created the original thesis and approaches to grasping reality, the world and the human being in it. The issue of human being is analyzed in three levels. The first level consists of the relationship between human being and creation, which addresses the question about origin of the world the human soul and the resurrection. The second level, i.e. the man and the world, is devoted to describing a scheme of the world, human knowledge and the theory of prophecy. Ethical and political views are analyzed on the third level, which represents the position of human being in relation to the polis. Keywords Ibn Rushd, Maimonides, Aristotle, Plato, neoplatonism, philosophy, religion, The Koran, Torah, human being, world, creation, eternity, soul, resurrection, emanation, knowledge, illumination, active intellect, prophecy, politics,...
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The Question of Resurrection and Afterlife in Qumran Manuscripts
Veverka, Roman ; Mrázek, Jiří (advisor) ; Roskovec, Jan (referee)
Táto bakalárska práca spája tému vzkriesenia s oblasťou skúmania zvitkov od Mŕtveho mora. Cieľom autora je skúmanie zmŕtvychvstania ako eschatologickej udalosti na konci vekov. Výskyt tejto tematiky je zúžený na konkrétny spis qumránskej literatúry zvaný Hodayot. V hlavnej časti práce je ťažisko položené na analýze tohto poetického textu pomocou rozboru termínov významných pre vzkriesenie, ako aj ostatných, ktoré pomáhajú osvetliť kontext vybraných pasáží. Práca s hebrejskými výrazmi je vedená formou hľadania paralel v textoch Starého zákona a vo zvitkoch od Mŕtveho mora vôbec, ako aj skúmania ich významov. Rovnako je dôraz kladený aj na pochopenie celkových súvislosti a hlavných tém manuskriptu Hodayot a následne aj špecificky zvolených pasáží. Tie boli zvolené podľa výskytu tematiky a terminológie špecifickej pre vzkriesenie. Pri skúmaní kontextu sú využívané analýzy štruktúry textu alebo paralelizmov ako poetických figúr. Súčasťou práce je rovnako aj ponúknutie názoru odborníkov na qumránske rukopisy, ktorí sa zaoberali aj témou zmŕtvychvstania. V úvodných častiach je načrtnutý v stručnosti starozákonný výskyt vzkriesenie, ako aj vo zvitkoch od Mŕtveho mora celkovo. Hlavnou úlohou práce je pomocou týchto metód a materiálu odpovedať na otázku, či manuskript Hodayot ponúka dostatočný dôkazový...
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The Plays of Christ's Martyrdom and Resurrection in the History of Czech Drama
SKÁLOVÁ, Dana
In my diploma thesis called The Plays of Christ's Martyrdom and Resurrection in the History of Czech Drama, I deal with the analysis and comparison of selected dramas about Christ's Martyrdom and Resurrection from the Middle Ages and humanism till the Baroque period. The texts are incorporated into the context of the literature of the respective period. Typical features of drama in particular developmental stages are discussed. The thesis mainly deals with the prosopography of supporting characters and their fit into specific time and place, the development of particular motives and the degree of dependence on gospel texts. The analysis is particularly based on following plays Hra o Kristovu zmrtvýchvstání i o jeho oslavení, Komedie aneb Hra kratičká written by Šimon Lomnický z Budče, Hra o nanebevstoupení Páně and Komedie o umučení Pána a Spasitele našeho Ježíše Krista.
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The Motif of Vampire in Czech Literature
RICHTROVÁ, Tereza
The thesis focuses on the presence of the motif of vampire in Czech literature from the end of the 19th century to the end of the first half of the 20th century. The motif is formed by a set of vampire attributes and the aim of the thesis is to observe changes of its image depending on its application and function in particular pieces of work. The observation comes from mythological and traditional conceptions of the vampire character which defined the image of the creature. The attention is also focused on the period trends influencing literature in general and on the application of the motif in foreign literature. The thesis marginally refers to its presentation in the visual arts.
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