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Contribution to the construction of cost and energy efficient family houses
Čech, Josef ; Mohelníková, Jitka (referee) ; Gašparik,, Jozef (referee) ; MBA, Pavel Slováček, (referee) ; Hrazdil, Václav (advisor)
Dissertation focuses on the verification of construction family houses made of concrete shell block with internal thermal insulation system. The construction technology is transferred to the Czech Republic from France. The work focuses on building envelope. The suitability of implementation is assessed on the basis of verification selected thermal technical requirements placed on building envelope. Requirements are specified by legislation in force in the ČR. The verification was performed by using software simulations and measurements on realized buildings. Critical areas of construction technology were identified on the basis software simulations and measurements on site. It was suggested solution, in which critical areas comply the thermal technical requirements. The building envelope was checked also using the thermography imaging on site. Continuous measurement of interior temperature was used to evaluate thermal comfort in the room. In the completed buildings was tested airtightness of the building envelope, which revealed other critical areas of the building envelope. Critical areas are necessary to solve with sufficient care. The economic cost of implementing each variants of exterior walls made of concrete shell block with internal thermal insulation were compared with the economic costs of implementing external walls made of burnt clay hollow blocks and made of burnt clay hollow blocks with external thermal insulation system ETICS. Subsequently, the economic return was calculated for individual variants of external walls made of concrete shell blocks with internal thermal insulation. From the environmental viewpoint was made comparison of production greenhouse gas CO2 and SO2 (cause acid rains) during the life cycle of the individual variations of exterior walls made of concrete shell blocks with system of internal thermal insulation, exterior walls made of burnt clay hollow blocks and burnt clay hollow blocks with external thermal insulation syst
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Thermal properties of the window frame and the connection joints
Hejný, Lukáš ; Hraška,, Jozef (referee) ; Doc.Ing. Miloslav Bagoňa, Ph.D (referee) ; Štěpánek, Ladislav (referee) ; Kalousek, Miloš (advisor)
This thesis deals with the solution problem of fitting a window in the wall, especially for passive houses. It provides options to optimize the window connection joints, improve the thermal transmittance of the window frame, thereby reducing the total heat loss through the window. In the first part of the thesis is a research literature on the windows and heat technical and physical mechanisms. Are described equations and physical processes taking place in the windows and related building structures. This section describes the basic points in history, technical description of windows, etc. and present ways of assembly Installation the window and the influence of the thermal properties of the heat loss. The next part deals with the description of the work and the results obtained in the course of doctoral study. Describes the main objectives of the dissertation thesis, calculations and simulations of temperature fields and the results of the calculated values. Furthermore are described and analyzed measurement data and compared with the calculated values. At the end dissertation thesis are given opportunities to improve the current solution regarding the heat transfer coefficient of the frame, the optimal way of installation fillers windows in the perimeter wall and improve the thermal properties of the connecting joint.
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Thermal properties of automotive light sources - Halogen sources
Hlubinka, David ; Hájek, Vítězslav (referee) ; Janda, Marcel (advisor)
The aim of master´s thesis is to get acquainted with the design and materials used in selected automotive light source – tungsten halogen lamp. Further, the thesis focused on the theory and appropriate selection of the thermal measurement method on a real sample. Subsequently, a model of the light source and its simulation in the ANSYS – Maxwell 3D and Mechanical programs are created. Finally, the results of the thermal simulation and the non-contact measurement of the tungsten halogen lamp are evaluated
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CFD simulation of air flow inside a car cabin
Kučera, Cyril ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Pokorný, Jan (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with CFD simulating the air flow inside the car using the numerical calculation program Star-CCM+. The aim of the thesis was to prepare 3D geometry, resp. realistic model of the real car, preparing boundary conditions including material properties, simulating the steady state of the environment and evaluating the speed and temperature of the car cabin. The paper presents the results of the temperature distribution and air velocities in the cabin during the winter, spring and summer conditions in HVAC on and HVAC off modes. The monitored air temperatures and surface temperatures of the car parts are compared with the measured data. The average difference between simulation and measurement was at air temperatures of 2.3 °C and surface temperatures of 3.4 °C.
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Ranque - Hilsh vortex tube
Bábor, Lukáš ; Brázdil, Marian (referee) ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (advisor)
Ranque-Hilsh vortex tube is a device that converts high pressure gas flow into two low pressure flows with higher and lower temperature, than a temperature of the inlet flow. Technically, it is a device of very simple construction, which is characterised by low initial costs, high endurance, durability and low maintenance. Its main disadvantage is low coefficient of performance, compared to conventional heat pumps at room temperature. In the first section of this paper, examples of applications where utilization of Ranque-Hilsh vortex tube is advantageous are given. Afterwards, several theoretical concepts of refrigeration cycles utilizing vortex tube to lower energy consumption are described. The final section of this thesis introduces new geometry of inlet nozzles for improving coefficient of performance of vortex tube. This geometry is then compared to straight tangential nozzles of circular cross-section. During the measurements, surface temperature of the vortex tube with respect to its length is monitored.
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Development of Inverse Tasks Solved by Using the Optimizing Procedures and Large Number of Parallel Threads
Ondroušková, Jana ; Skarolek, Antonín (referee) ; Brestovič, Tomáš (referee) ; Horský, Jaroslav (advisor)
In metallurgy it is important to know a cooling efficiency of a product as well as cooling efficiency of working rolls to maximize the quality of the product and to achieve the long life of working rolls. It is possible to examine this cooling efficiency by heat transfer coefficients and surface temperatures. The surface temperature is hardly measured during the cooling. It is better to compute it together with heat transfer coefficient by inverse heat conduction problem. The computation is not easy and it uses estimated values which are verified by direct heat conduction problem. The time-consuming of this task can be several days or weeks, depends on the complexity of the model. Thus there are tendencies to shorten the computational time. This doctoral thesis considers the possible way of the computing time shortening of inverse heat conduction problem, which is the parallelization of this task and its transfer to a graphic card. It has greater computing power than the central processing unit (CPU). One computer can have more compute devices. That is why the computing time on different types of devices is compared in this thesis. Next this thesis deals with obtaining of surface temperatures for the computation by infrared line scanner and using of inverse heat conduction problem for the computing of the surface temperature and heat transfer coefficient during passing of a test sample under cooling section and cooling by high pressure nozzles.
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Energy use of the facade
Salajka, Radek ; Rubinová, Olga (referee) ; Rubina, Aleš (advisor)
The main motive of this master's thesis is expanding awareness of ventilated facades and their use and comparison with external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS). I mention this in theoretical research. As an expansion to theory and a key theme of this thesis is a description of individual physical events present on the facade and in it's ventilated gap based on data output from measurement. The data gathering was made by a group of professionals who have done an on-point facade measurement on a real ventilated facade throughout a year - more detail in text. I personally have been a part of a research team and I describe my work and research in detail in the third part of this master's thesis - experimental part. In practical part I devote myself to use our new knowledge on a given building. More precisely - I use numerical calculations to present energy use of of given facade in comparison with ETICS on the same building with the same boundary conditions.
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Observing of the skeletal muscle shape changes depending on human body surface temperature
Frýdová, Aneta ; Stupka, Martin (advisor) ; Otáhal, Martin (referee)
Title: Observing of the skeletal muscle shape changes depending on human body surface temperature Objectives: The aim of this work is to observe the cross-section changes of the m. rectus femoris depending on human body surface temperature changes. The cross section of the muscle was characterized by two dimensions: VDDM (ventrodorsal dimension of muscle) and LMDM (lateromedial dimension of muscle). The body temperature was affected by local positive and negative thermotherapy methods. Methods: The first part of the experiment focused on the selection of appropriate local positive and negative thermotherapy forms. Four of them were selected (two positive thermotherapy methods - Peat thermotherapy bags and infrared heater InfraPhil HP3616 and two negative thermotherapy methods - gel bag Cryoflex and Cryogen 3 device) for the main research. Twelve subjects participated on the main experiment. Selected local positive thermotherapy methods were applied on the centre of the subject's thighs, subsequently selected negative thermotherapy methods were applied. The body surface temperature was measured immediately before application, after 30 minutes of positive thermotherapy and after subsequent negative thermotherapy application. Ultrasound images of m. rectus femoris were taken at same time. VDDM and...
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Insolation pattern and surface temperature on extrasolar planets
Káňová, Michaela ; Běhounková, Marie (advisor) ; Čadek, Ondřej (referee)
We study evolution and distribution of surface and near-surface temperature on tidally locked extrasolar terrestrial planets without atmosphere. In order to determine the temperature, insolation patterns depending on eccentricity, obliquity and spin-orbit resonance are computed and thermal diffusion equation is solved in a spherical shell. We discuss the dependence of temperature distribution on physical and geometrical parameters including orbit eccentricity, obliquity of rotational axis, type of spin-orbital resonance, thermal inertia and irradiance incident on the planetary surface (the extra- solar constant). The mean annual temperature is driven especially by the extrasolar constant and may rise up to thousand of kelvins in the most irradiated regions. Effect of eccentricity, obliquity and thermal inertia, in some cases, is on the scale of hundreds of kelvins.
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