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Tactics and strategies of the opposition - obstructions as a political weapon
Pchálková, Tereza ; Brunclík, Miloš (advisor) ; Jágr, David (referee)
The thesis focuses on the phenomenon of obstruction in the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic in the eighth and ninth electoral terms, which is specific to the exchange of political parties in the executive and opposition roles. Theoretically, the thesis is set in the themes of opposition and obstruction. For this, the literature is primarily based on Miroslav Novák's article Political Party Systems and Basic Models of Opposition, Michal Kubát's publication Political Opposition in Theory and Central European Practice, Jan Wintr's book Czech Parliamentary Culture, and the Rules of Procedure of the Lower House of Parliament, resp. its annotated version by Jindřiška Syllová and colleagues. During theoretical research, the author came across an insufficient interpretation of the term and therefore came up with her own definition. The author of the thesis set the research question: How does the obstruction strategy of political parties of the opposition differ? and attempts to answer it through qualitative research. The subject of analysis in the thesis are case studies of two state budget bills, namely for 2021 and 2024, for which all three legislative readings were examined. The incidence of filibusters is then tracked through four codes: length of debate, factual remarks,...
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Different policies of the governing parties and the opposition on pension reform (government period 2021-2025)
Niedermaier, Vojtěch ; Stauber, Jakub (advisor) ; Hájek, Lukáš (referee)
The thesis focuses on the different policies of current government parties and the opposition regarding pension reform. The author extensively introduced the functioning of the pension system generally through three well-known schemes: the Beveridge and Bismarck models, the two-component scheme according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, and the three-pillar scheme. The three-pillar scheme is used by the author to define systems throughout the thesis. The author further presented the functioning of the pension system specifically within the Czech Republic, along with its development and a detailed analysis of changes made or planned by the current government under Petr Fiala. They also examined the functioning of pension systems in selected countries, specifically focusing on three European states: the Netherlands, Germany, and Sweden. The research involves comparing individual political parties based on codes defined by the author from data extracted from interviews with various political actors. The main finding of the thesis is the uncovering of differences in perspectives and approaches of the analyzed political parties to the issue of pension reform. The thesis deals with a socially, medially and politically attractive topic, which allows for countless further...
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Hegemony struggle according to KSČ
Bruna, Jaroslav ; Vilímek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
(in English) The author tries to describe the transformation of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in relation to itself and the surrounding environment, especially in the period from 17th November to 21st December 1989. He will use primarily the articles from Rudé právo and a stenographic record of the unscheduled session of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia on 24th and 26th November 1989 which was published under the name Poslední hurá. He considers it appropriate to put into context the events of November and December 1989, with political development in Czechoslovakia in January, at the turn of June and July, and in October 1989. This analysis attempt will be based on the principles of general linguistics of Ferdinand de Saussure and discourse theory of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. The combination of hegemonic analysis and deconstruction will be used as a method of workflow. When analyzing the transformation of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, the author attempts to rely primarily on three principles deriving from discourse theory. The identity is not a fixed essence but it is created in the political struggles of the content of specific concepts. There have been attempts to fully fixate the identity of individuals, groups, society. But the identity is...
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Reflection of the referendum and change of the constitution in Belarus 2004 in the Czech press
Drahovzalová, Michala ; Příhoda, Marek (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the referendum and constitutional change in Belarus in 2004 and the response of these events in the Czech press. The first part is theoretical, trying to define the form of the current political regime of Lukashenka's Belarus. The second part chronologically charts the political development in the country. This chapter covers the period shortly before the collapse of the Soviet Union, the events of the nineties and the turn of the century followed by the discussed referendum and constitutional change. The third part provides an analysis of the Czech press - selected newspapers, socio-political magazines and professional journals - with an emphasis on their response to the referendum and related events.
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Iranian opposition and blogging-the phenomenon of Citizen journalism in non-free society
Hrdina, Matouš ; Nečas, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Švelch, Jaroslav (referee)
The Master's thesis Iranian opposition and blogging - the phenomenon of Citizen journalism in a non-free society is focused on analysis of blogging as an opposition's communication tool within the nondemocratic regimes, contemporary Iran in particular. The research question is How can be the opposition's communication performed by blogging and what are the limitations and possibilities of such communication. The primary hypothesis is that the blogs are not used for direct manangement of opposition's actions, but rather as an alternative space for free expression. Four opposition's blogs written in english are analysed by means of qualitative analysis. The main criteria for selection of blogs were that the blog should be actualised on regular basis, based in Iran or at least written by a native Iranian, and clearly be in favour of the opposition's ideology. Content published between march 2009 and march 2010 was selected for analysis, for it was the period of disputed presidential election and following citizen's unrest in Iran. The issues of media's effects are not discussed in the thesis. Aside of the analysis, certain theoretical models of communication and their potential use within Iran's blogosphere are discussed. The analysis finally confirms that the bloggers have a potential to become...
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A. Pinochet Dictatorship - rise to power and the end of his career
Husáková, Gabriela ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Machart, Filip (referee)
Bachelor thesis "A. Pinochet Dictatorship - rise to power and the end of his career" focuses on the coup in 1973 and the establishment of democratic regime, as well as its downfall and subsequent democratization process with emphasis on the role that General Augusto Pinochet played this period of Chilean history. With respect to the main objective of this work, that is to introduce the method and conditions which onset Pinochet to power and his influence on foreign and domestic policy, major part of the work is focused primarily on the conditions and the course of a military coup, internal and external policies, the constitution of 1980 and the subsequent plebiscite in 1988, which caused Pinochet's downfall. Following part is dedicated to the role of the opposition, the description of campaigns for the plebiscite and developments during the period of democratization, when Pinochet gradually withdraws from the political sphere. The first part deals with the Chilean political system before the onset of dictatorship, including a description of the Allende's government, whose problems caused the military coup and the formal incorporation of Pinochet's regime, according to political scientist Juan Linz. Further the regime itself is specified, especially the economic and foreign policy of the regime. The...
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Perception of media contents,status and role in Czechoslavakia in 1977-89
Vlasák, Zbyněk ; Končelík, Jakub (advisor) ; Jirák, Jan (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Communication Studies and Journalism Perception of Media Contents, Status and Role in Czechoslovakia in 1977-1989 Diploma thesis Author: Zbyněk Vlasák Consultant: PhDr. Jakub Končelík, Ph.D. Abstract This thesis called Perception of Media Contents, Status and Role in Czechoslovakia in 1977-1989 analyzes possible principles and circumstances of perceiving the role of the media in a specific environment of the normalisation period using methods of oral history. Furthermore, the thesis examines the function of the media in the everyday life of normalisation households and identifies the sources of images responsible for bipolarization of the outside world and their nature. It also deals with the public view on the importance of free media for the functioning of a democratic society. Last but not least, the thesis tracks the possibility of obtaining information from official, unofficial and foreign media. To be able to conduct the above mentioned analyses, the base of this thesis lie in historiography, several chapters deal with formal and informal pressure exerted on the official media sources and circumstances of foreign media broadcast on the Czechoslovak territory. We do not omit the international context of the period 1977-1989 and...
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The Comparative Analysis of Ukraine's Elections in Relation to The Theory of The Hybrid Regimes
Kubrychtová, Veronika ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Žídková, Markéta (referee)
This diploma thesis is devoted to the comparative analysis of presidential elections in Ukraine in relation to the theory of hybrid regimes. First, the thesis illuminates the events that happened in the beginning of the Ukrainian independence which affected the distribution of power between executive and legislative branches. The comparative analysis is applied to the particular elections in the years 1999, 2004 and 2010 with emphasis on the pre-electoral campaigns, legislative changes, election process, respect to rules, election results and the fundamental events which influenced the elections. Next, the thesis analyses elections mentioned above on the ground of the elected theories of hybrid regimes with the goal to assess to their democratic character.
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Internal Politics in Slovakia in 1994-1998 and its Foreign Policy Impacts
Hodovanec, Mikuláš ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Schlosáriková, Eva (referee)
The aim of this thesis is an analytical view on the domestic policy of the Slovak republic between 1994-1998 in the context of its efforts to integrate in the European Union and NATO. The work primarily focuses on description of the undemocratic actions presented by the governmental coalition, which led Slovakia to disqualification from the integration process and caused country's international isolation. In the first part thesis deals with the personality of a three-times Prime Minister Vladimír Mečiar, his rise to power and most important political events, that preceded the election victory of his party in October 1994. In the second part the work summarizes some of the key moments of his governance with a negative impact on a foreign policy, while the impact itself is assessed in the last part of the work.
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Opposition "homo - animal" in language. Contribution to the Czech linguistic picture of the world
Šťastná, Lucie ; Vaňková, Irena (advisor) ; Bozděchová, Ivana (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to contribute to the research of the Czech language picture of the world. It is based on fundamental theoretical and methodological resources of cognitive and cultural linguistics and focuses on the opposition of "man - animal", or "human - animal", in the Czech language, aiming to illustrate the way in which zooappellatives (animal names) relate to the reality of the human world. The most extensive part of the thesis is based mainly on an analysis of Czech dictionary material (etymological, reference, synonym and phraseological dictionaries), as well as comparing the scientific (biological) classification of animals to the categorization in natural language. In regard to the category ANIMAL, the thesis establishes four basic domains constituting the category's conceptual model (framework): "the place where the animal lives", "physical traits", "the animal's behaviour" and "relation to man". The thesis also includes questionnaire-based research that focuses on analysing the way in which speakers of the Czech language understand the category ANIMAL, and attempts to determine whether they regard some animals as more protypical than others.
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