|
|
Development of Communicative Competence in an Elementary School Pupil
Žemlová, Tereza ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Babušová, Gabriela (referee)
The focus of this thesis is to explore the development of communicative competence in an elementary school pupil. The research aims to analyse the specific areas of lexical and grammatical competence development in this pupil. The theoretical part of the research defines key terms related to communication. Moreover, it is focused on childrens' speech with the emphasis on the acquisition of specific means of communication that constitute the communicative competence. It also mentions various speech disorders which may follow the linguistic phenomenon of ontogenesis. It introduces several methods which can be used to analyse the child's speech level. The focus of the research is the vocabulary diversity of an elementary pupil (2nd grade student), calculated using the Type-Token ratio (TTR). The research also focuses on the complexity of syntax structures, represented by the number of simple and more complicated sentences in a speech. Data were collected by recording non- scripted interviews over a 6-month period. Three interviews were spontaneous, while the remaining three were centred around a specific topic. In the latter interviews, the subject had the option to prepare for the interview and fill in a given worksheet, allowing for a more structured speech. The interviews were transcribed according...
|
|
|
Applying CA to the Understanding of How Interactional Teaching Strategies Contribute to the Development of Communicative Competence: A Case Study of Online English Lessons Delivered to a Group of Four Mature Students
KOUBOVÁ, Simona
Maintaining relationships with students is one of the most important tasks for a teacher. If the relationship is well-built and steady, the teacher can start focusing on the way of managing classroom interaction. In this regard, there is no single universal conclusion, therefore this thesis will aim to map the process of interaction itself. The study focuses mainly on the parts of sessions in which there occurred the successful development of language skills in the foreign language as well as the development of fluency in the spoken language. The research takes the form of a case study of a group of four students of English as a foreign language. All of them were more than fifty years old. Each student had not only a different level of language skills but also different motivations for studying English-it was a small heterogenous group of adult learners. The teaching process was done fully in the online environment during the Covid-19 pandemic. 50 data samples were gathered from 11 sessions, each spanning approximately 60-90 minutes. These became the subject of analysis and interpretation. Data analysis was done using the conversational analysis methodology, specifically conversational analysis for second language acquisition (CA-for-SLA). Via this methodology, the process of data collection was done through audio recordings. Parts of them were transcribed word-by-word, using a simplified transcription system. The transcripts were further studied and analysed to capture interactional strategies used by a teacher during the language acquisition process through which developed interactional competence was shown, and how this competence contributed to the development of learners' communicative competence.
|
|
|
Pragmatics Aspects in Czech Language Textbooks for Elementary Schools
Michelčíková, Viktorie ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Hájková, Eva (referee)
The topic of this thesis is communicative competence and pragmatic aspects in Czech language textbooks at elementary schools. Education aims to achieve six key competencies, including communicative competence. The thesis's theoretical part focuses on defining concepts such as pragmatics, gender, politeness, cooperative communication, dialogue, argumentation, and manipulation. In the practical part, the thesis analyses five third-year Czech language textbooks and examines to what extent pragmatic aspects are included in the textbooks. The research has shown that although pragmatic aspects are included in the textbooks, their level is not sufficient in most cases, and it is necessary to supplement these topics with additional supporting materials. The outcome of this work could be useful for Czech language teachers at the first level of primary schools who intend to focus on developing their pupils' communicative competence and improving their pragmatic communication skills. Keywords Argumentation, dialogue, gender, communicative competence, pragmatics, pragmatic aspects, manipulation, textbook, politeness
|
|
|
Children with a different mother tongue in preschool education
LYKEŠOVÁ, Erika
The aim of the thesis is to describe the adaptation of children with a different mother tongue to preschool education. Under the term children with OMJ, children from Ukraine who began to enter the Czech education system during the year 2022 due to the war conflict are specifically chosen for the diploma thesis. The theoretical part is divided into four chapters, which contain the theoretical basis for the subject matter and are significantly connected with the practical part of the diploma thesis. The content is a definition of the basic concepts of the issue of children with a different mother tongue and characterization of typical developmental aspects in preschool education. Among other things, the theoretical part includes possibilities for support during education and methods of communication, which are suitable to use during language adaptation and development. The practical part deals with qualitative research on the issues defined above. The first part of the qualitative research involves semi-structured interviews with teachers of selected kindergartens in České Budějovice. The second part of the research is participant observation, which took place in one of the private kindergartens also in České Budějovice. The benefit of the thesis can be inspirational for kindergarten teachers who participate in the education of children with a different mother tongue, specifically children from Ukraine. The conclusion of the diploma thesis summarizes the issue of children with a different mother tongue and their adaptation in preschool.
|
|
|
The inclusion of the child with a cochlear implant in the preschool mainstream education
SAJTLOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor thesis deals with the problem of inclusion, concretely focused on a child with a cochlear implant in a kindergarten of a mainstream education. The target of this thesis is to make a theoretical basis of children with a cochlear implant problematic related to their education and on this basis make a case study of a child with a cochlear implant in a kindergarten of a mainstream education in an evaluation accent of an education process. The thesis is devided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is in its first chapter focused on an area of hearing impairment, defines the basic concepts and describes the specifics of children with a cochlear implant. The second chapter contains the basic terms and knowledges of a cochlear implant. The third and also the last chapter of a theoretical part deals with preschool education in a relation to the hearing impairment. The practical part focuses on a description of a development of the boy in all areas with a bigger focus on communicative competention and a process of preschool education. Also points to the separate support measures and their usage by his integration to the mainstream education. For the filling of this targets was being applied a research which took the form of observation, halfstructurated dialogues and document analysis. Due to entirety complexity the dialogues with the parents and the kindergarten teachers and anamnestic data has been detailed. By the research investigation it has been found out that the choice of a child placement to the mainstream education doesn´t have to be the suitable variant because every child is unique and has its own needs and limits. Through the detail analysis has been found out that the inclusion is very individual matter conditioned by many factors. Due to the relation to this mentioned boy with a cochlear implant there are these: a rehabilitation success, the level of communication skills, the correct choice of communicative system, the impact of hearing impairment to the separate parts of the development ant the last but not the least the cooperation of the parents and the preschool facility.
|
|
|
Integration Process of the Student with hearing Impairment in the Mainstream
VOLDŘICHOVÁ, Štěpánka
The bachelor thesis deals with the integration process of a student with hearing impairment into mainstream education. It is an example of good practice, where augmentative and alternative communication, re-education of reading, speech therapy rehabilitation and hearing compensation using the behind-the-year hearing aids can help develop communication skills and competences of a student with bilateral severe perceptual hearing loss. The aim of the thesis is to elaborate an adequate professional basis of the issue of integrated education of people with hearing impairment and to describe and analyse the educational history and presence of a student with hearing impairment in the case study design. The thesis is structured into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part defines the basic areas closely related to the topic of hearing impairment. The first chapter defines terminology, classification, aetiology and impacts of hearing impairment. The second chapter describes the child's personality and communication skills. The last chapter deals with the system of education of hearing impairment pupils. The empirical part focuses on the forms and methods of work, pedagogical and educational procedures used to develop communication skills of a boy. It also shows how they influence his integration into mainstream education, social inclusion and relations. In order to meet the mentioned purposes of the thesis, qualitative research in the case study design has been used. Due to the complexity and integrity of the case, the history data, interviews with the mother, student and an employee of the non-profit organization KreBul have been processed in detail. The research points to a number of interesting pieces of information. It suggests that the initiative from the mother, boy and teachers as well as the teamwork of all stakeholders, friendly, pleasant and sensitive classroom atmosphere, the ordered verbal method in the observed case, the recommended special pedagogical practices and the choice of methodical procedures by the teachers, consistency in adherence to clearly defined rules and the student's chances to learn in a team of intact pupils who have been a great motivation in his development, are very important in progress of communication skills. Following formal and content modifications, the text of the final thesis can be used by the parents. The found facts can be used as a source of data by schools and the educational community. The study can serve as a feedback for the institutions involved in the integration process of pupils with hearing impairment.
|
|
|
Communication of Preschool Children - the Analysis of Communication Functions and Expressions
Nováková, Barbora ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Janečka, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with communication of preschool children, in particular with analysis of communication functions of utterance. The aim of the research is to find out which types of communication functions preschool children mainly use. The theoretical part describes communication skills, language levels or ontogenesis of speech development. However, the key is to introduce the issue of each type of the communication utterance functions. The practical part is focused on the analysis of six audio recordings which have 30 minutes each. Within the recording with a voice recorder, dialogues among three research subjects were recorded. The dialogues were later on transcribed through the CHAT transcription method. Afterwards, types of the communication utterance functions were determined. The results of the qualitative research found out that the subjects primarily used the assertive, permissive or concessive functions (furthermore interrogative, directive, expressive and satisfactory function). All of these communication functions of utterance were stated directly. KEYWORDS communication competence, children's speech, communication function of utterance, preschool child, acquisition of the Czech language, dialogue
|
|
|
Stimulative program focused on a development of communicative skills of preschool children
Görglová, Michala ; Valentová, Lidmila (advisor) ; Pacnerová, Helena (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on issue of communicative competence in relation with readiness of preschool children. The content of the theoretical part explains the basic terms on the field of communication and similar areas as language, speech, verbal and nonverbal communication etc., following by the topic of influence of speech on a development of thinking and satisfaction of the basic children needs. The influence of social environment on communicative competence is the issue of the third chapter and in subchapters, there are information concerning a readiness of preschool children and the General educational program, which defines aims and resources in the area of personal development depending on institutional education. The empirical part of the bachelor thesis contains a suggestion of the special stimulative program for communicative skills development and its following realization in the Petrklíč kindergarten, where only those children, who met the specific criteria (age and communication problems), joined the project. With their help, it was possible to completely assess the effectivity and meaningfulness of the above-mentioned program.
|
|
|
Developing communication skills for children preschool age
Hegenová, Hana ; Kropáčková, Jana (advisor) ; Hájková, Eva (referee)
Key words: communication, communication skills, ontogenesis of speech, influencing factors, communication skills, general educational program for preschool education, preschool age, family, teacher, nursery school, a stimulus program ANNOTATION The thesis of the possibility of development of communication skills in children of preschool age. He is interested in aspects of communication skills, and characterizes the speech ontogenesis stages of language development. It looks disordered, the possibility of development and factors that may affect it. It builds on language education in pre- school education from historical and contemporary perspective. Practical use of monitors of speech to describe situational picture among children aged 3-6 (7) years. The stimulus program to help identify the state of the continuous expression of children aged 5-6 (7) years, and considering the possibility of his influence. Finally, we discussed proposals for changes that could help develop communication skills in preschool children.
|
|
|
Specifics of teaching of French as a foreign language of adolescents and adults students at the beginner level A1
Vlasatá, Adéla ; Machleidtová, Silva (advisor) ; Müllerová, Eva (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze, from general didactic perspective, specifics of French language teaching of adolescent as well as adult students at the beginner level. More specifically, socalled FLE teaching within informal educational environment of a particular language school in Prague is examined. In order to do so, this thesis is divided into two sections. In the first theoretical section, the compilation method is employed, resulting in detailed analysis of selected didactic themes related to the defined aim of the thesis. The second, supporting section consists of specially compiled survey analysis, which focuses on themes covered at the first theoretical part. It is worth noting that perspectives of students are captured as a result of the survey analysis. The major contribution of this thesis is a comprehensive theoretical and practical view on not yet separately compiled methodology of teaching of French language of beginning, predominantly adult students, in the context of Czech informal educational environment.
|
guest ::
