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Artificial neural networks for macroeconomic data analysis
Padrón Peňa, Ildefonso ; Mrázová, Iveta (advisor) ; Kuboň, David (referee)
The analysis and prediction of macroeconomic time-series is a factor of great interest to national policymakers. However, economic analysis and forecast- ing are not simple tasks due to the lack of a precise model for the economy and the influence of external factors, such as weather changes or political decisions. Our research is focused on Spanish speaking countries. In this thesis, we study dif- ferent types of neural networks and their applicability for various analysis tasks, including GDP prediction as well as assessing major trends in the development of the countries. The studied models include multilayered neural networks, recur- sive neural networks, and Kohonen maps. Historical macroeconomic data across 17 Spanish speaking countries, together with France and Germany, over the time period of 1980-2015 is analyzed. This work then compares the performances of various algorithms for training neural networks, and demonstrates the revealed changes in the state of the countries' economies. Further, we provide possible reasons that explain the found trends in the data.
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A Library for Convolutional Neural Network Design
Rek, Petr ; Mrázek, Vojtěch (referee) ; Sekanina, Lukáš (advisor)
In this diploma thesis, the reader is introduced to artificial neural networks and convolutional neural networks. Based on that, the design and implementation of a new library for convolutional neural networks is described. The library is then evaluated on widely used datasets and compared to other publicly available libraries. The added benefit of the library, that makes it unique, is its independence on data types. Each layer may contain up to three independent data types - for weights, for inference and for training. For the purpose of evaluating this feature, a data type with fixed point representation is also part of the library. The effects of this representation on trained net accuracy are put to a test.
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Using Sensor Data to Derive Environment State
Sakin, Martin ; Korček, Pavol (referee) ; Viktorin, Jan (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the analysis, description and usage of sensor data from an intelligent home system. This term also describes the intelligent system BeeeOn, which provides a sensor data and the possibility of extending this system to automation tasks. This is followed by the analysis of all the measured physical quantities, their properties and their influence on humans. The results from the measured data were used to create a classifier based on deep neural networks to detect current events at home. Detected events can be used for the following automation system to help improve living conditions. At the end of this thesis are discussed the results and options to continue with this project.
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Detection, Tracking and Classification of Vehicles
Vopálenský, Radek ; Sochor, Jakub (referee) ; Juránek, Roman (advisor)
The aim of this master thesis is to design and implement a system for the detection, tracking and classification of vehicles from streams or records from traffic cameras in language C++. The system runs on the platform Robot Operating System and uses the OpenCV, FFmpeg, TensorFlow and Keras libraries. For detection cascade classifier is used, for tracking Kalman filter and for classification of the convolutional neural network. Out of a total of 627 cars, 479 were tracked correctly. From this number 458 were classified (trucks or lorries not included). The resulting system can be used for traffic analysis.
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Classification of eMail Communication
Piják, Marek ; Herout, Adam (referee) ; Szőke, Igor (advisor)
This diploma's thesis is based around creating a classifier, which will be able to recognize an email communication received by Topefekt.s.r.o on daily basis and assigning it into classification class. This project will implement some of the most commonly used classification methods including machine learning. Thesis will also include evaluation comparing all used methods.
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Neuroevolution Principles and Applications
Herec, Jan ; Strnadel, Josef (referee) ; Bidlo, Michal (advisor)
The theoretical part of this work deals with evolutionary algorithms (EA), neural networks (NN) and their synthesis in the form of neuroevolution. From a practical point of view, the aim of the work is to show the application of neuroevolution on two different tasks. The first task is the evolutionary design of the convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture that would be able to classify handwritten digits (from the MNIST dataset) with a high accurancy. The second task is the evolutionary optimization of neurocontroller for a simulated Falcon 9 rocket landing. Both tasks are computationally demanding and therefore have been solved on a supercomputer. As a part of the first task, it was possible to design such architectures which, when properly trained, achieve an accuracy of 99.49%. It turned out that it is possible to automate the design of high-quality architectures with the use of neuroevolution. Within the second task, the neuro-controller weights have been optimized so that, for defined initial conditions, the model of the Falcon booster can successfully land. Neuroevolution succeeded in both tasks.
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A convolutional neural network for image segmentation
Mitrenga, Michal ; Petyovský, Petr (referee) ; Jirsík, Václav (advisor)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to learn more about the problem of convolutional neural networks and to realize image segmentation. This theme includes the field of computer vision, which is used in systems of artificial intelligence. Special Attention is paid to the image segmentation process. Furthermore, the thesis deals with the basic principles of artificial neural networks, the structure of convolutional neural networks and especially with the description of individual semantic segmentation architectures. The chosen SegNet architecture is used in a practical application along with a pre-learned network. Part of the work is a database of CamVid images, which is used for training. For testing, a custom image database is created. Practical part is focused on CNN training and searching for unsuitable parameters for network learning using SW Matlab.
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Machine learning with applications to finance
Mešša, Samuel ; Hurt, Jan (advisor) ; Večeř, Jan (referee)
The impact of data driven, machine learning technologies across a wide variety of fields is undeniable. The financial industry, which relies heavily on predictive modeling being no exception. In this work we summarize two widely used machine learning models: support vector machines and neural networks, discuss their limitations and compare their performance to a more traditionally used method, namely logistic regression. Evaluation was done on two real world datasets, which were used to predict default of loan applicants and credit card holders formulated as a binary classification task. Neural networks and support vector machines either outperformed or showed comparable results to logistic regression with performance measured in receiver operator characteristic area under curve. In the second task neural networks outperformed both other models by a significant margin.
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Reading and analysing of old and contemporary maps by students of elementary and grammar schools
Gallus, Adam ; Hanus, Martin (advisor) ; Burda, Tomáš (referee)
The main goal of the thesis is to answer whether an ability to use maps in different ways is affected by one or more criteria specified by the author. The author has decided to test abilities of fifteen-year-old pupils to work in different ways with actual and old maps. The thesis examines possible impact of type of the school, gender, school marks achieved in History and Geography lessons, and previous experience with using maps. Before the practical part of the thesis was executed the theoretical part of the thesis had been dealt with. Different map skills were specified and characterized. Maps which the author had chosen to use for the purpose of the thesis were thoroughly described and particular odds of work with old maps were emphasised. For the purpose of the research part of the thesis the author developed a didactic test. At pilot testing a sample of 34 pupils completed the test to verify it is suitable for the thesis purpose and it meets all requirements for scientific research. At the second stage of the practical part of the research a group of 125 pupils from two different types of school completed the test. After the practical part of the thesis the author rigorously analysed completed tests and discussed whether the abilities to use maps seem to be affected by some criteria that had...
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