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Changes in nutritional status and body composition in children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa
Kaduchová, Pavla ; Floriánková, Marcela (advisor) ; Kytnarová, Jitka (referee)
This thesis deals with changes in nutritional status and body composition in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa (AN) during realimentation. The main aim of the thesis (i) is to compare the nutritional status and body composition of 16 patients at the beginning of realimentation and with a 6-month interval. Secondary objective (ii) is to compare the course and treatment success of 20 patients with AN diagnosed before the covid-19 pandemic and 21 patients diagnosed during the pandemic. Patients were also compared (iii) with a control group of 14 healthy age-matched girls. Data were analyzed using Statistica 12 software. Results: (i) In the 16 patients who attended the follow-up examination, there was a significant increase in body weight and BMI (both p < 0,001) from the initial 40,7±6,54 kg (BMI 15,69±1,97) to 48,7±9,0 kg (BMI 18,26±2,60) during realimentation. Significant increase was observed in both fat (p<0,01) and non-fat (p<0,05) mass. Also, a significant increase (p < 0,01) was found in resting energy expenditure measured by indirect calorimetry after 6 months of realimentation. Comparing REE measured by indirect calorimetry and calculated according to the Schofield equation, it was found that while these values were statistically significantly (p < 0,001) different before realimentation,...
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Validity of commercially available smartwatches when estimating energy expenditure
Kopecký, David ; Pokorný, Jan (referee) ; Řehák Kopečková, Barbora (advisor)
Metabolic rate is an energy quantity. Its value is a key input not only in thermophysiological models, but also in the calculation of heat stress indices or complex models predicting a person's thermal sensation. With the dynamic development of technology, sporttesters are able to estimate energy expenditure, among other things. It is a non-invasive method of estimating energy expenditure, or metabolic rate, using associated body functions to predict it. This work deals with the validity of the accuracy of metabolic rate estimation using the Garmin Fenix 6X Pro sporttester in comparison with indirect calorimetry. The accuracy of the metabolic rate estimation was tested for the activities of lying down, administrative work and cycling with regulated mechanical resistance of 100 and 150 W. 15 male subjects aged 28 ± 5 years, with a weight of 83.2 ± 13.5 kg and a height of 180 ± 7 cm participated in the study. In terms of the results, it is possible to observe a lower accuracy of prediction of metabolic rate for low-intensity activities, with the resulting MAPE being around 19-43 %. On the other hand, for activities with moderate activity, the prediction of the metabolic rate by the used sporttester proved to be sufficiently accurate, with a resulting MAPE in the range of 6–8 %.
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PowerCube spirometry measurement
Krajčovič, Martin ; Závodná, Eva (referee) ; Provazník, Ivo (advisor)
This paper is dedicated to the issue of respiratory physiology, human body energy exchange and calorimetry. It describes functions of the PowerCube-Ergo-Device (Ganshorn Medizin Electronic, Germany), which serves ergospirometry measurement and designes a protocol used to measure and evaluate the cardiopulmonary response of the organism and the metabolic activity of the organism in a group of athletes and non-sportspeople. Furthermore, it constitutes an application developed in MATLAB programming environment, allowing graphical portrayal and evaluation of measured data. The final part of this thesis is devoted to statistical evaluation of the data gathered within the selected group of patients.
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Validity of predictive equations for determining resting energy expenditure
Fabián, Patrik ; Korvas, Pavel (referee) ; Chlíbková, Daniela (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the validation of predictive equations to determine resting metabolic rate. The objective of this bachelor thesis was to compare individual predictive equations for determining resting metabolic rate with self-measurement using indirect caloriemetry and to establish a own procedure for predicting resting metabolic rate. The evaluation of each predictive equation was based on statistical analyses. Based on statistical analyses, it was found that the available predictive equations underestimate resting metabolism by an average of 20 % of kilocalories per day compared to the value measured by indirect calorimetry. Machine learning was used to determine the actual procedure for predicting resting metabolic rate, which was then presented using the user interface. The following testing showed that the neural network for predicting resting metabolic rate provides more accurate results compared to the available predictive equations.
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Thermal comfort and its estimation
Žáková, Monika ; Vondra, Vlastimil (referee) ; Nováková, Zuzana (advisor)
This paper summarizes the problems of human thermoregulation and its measurement, with a focus on the method of indirect calorimetry in resting conditions at different ambient temperatures and during physical activity. It also introduces the issue of human thermal comfort and the methodology of its monitoring using thermal manikin. It describes PowerCube Ergo (Ganshorn, Germany) and Cardiovit AT-104 (Schiller, Switzerland), the diagnostic devices used to spiro-ergometry measurements. It introduces the options to export data. The work proposes the protocol for measuring the thermoregulation of the small group of volunteers, which is realized by the practical part. According to the same protocol is monitored thermal comfort of the thermal manikin. In MATLAB is created the application, allowing clear analysis of measurement records. The data are evaluated and discussed.
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PowerCube spirometry measurement
Krajčovič, Martin ; Závodná, Eva (referee) ; Wilhelm, Zdeněk (advisor)
This paper is dedicated to the issue of respiratory physiology, human body energy exchange and calorimetry. It describes functions of the PowerCube-Ergo-Device (Ganshorn Medizin Electronic, Germany), which serves ergospirometry measurement and designes a protocol used to measure and evaluate the cardiopulmonary response of the organism and the metabolic activity of the organism in a group of athletes and non-sportspeople. Furthermore, it constitutes an application developed in MATLAB programming environment, allowing graphical portrayal and evaluation of measured data. The final part of this thesis is devoted to statistical evaluation of the data gathered within the selected group of patients.
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Evaluation of resting energy expenditure and body composition in obese patients
Jílková, Anna ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Zelinka, Tomáš (referee)
Introduction: The basis of obesity treatment is a conservative regimen based on a reduced diet and physical activity, individually set for each person. As the obese often show extreme deviations in body composition compared to individuals of normal weight, it is often difficult to determine their energy needs or determine their energy expenditure. The gold standard for determining resting energy expenditure (REE) is examination using indirect calorimetry (IC). This method can also detect deviations from the calculations of predictive equations, determine the degree of adaptation of the individual to low energy intake, and thus set the appropriate therapy. Objectives: The main objective of the work is the analysis and description of data on body composition and resting energy expenditure values of selected groups of obese individuals whose REE measurement results using indirect calorimetry reached a level below 95 % of the predicted REE calculated using the Harris Benedict (H-B) equation. The sub-goals are to describe the dependence of the size of some components of body composition on the size of the REE and to find out if the deviations between the number of the total measured REE and the REE calculated using H-B in the adapted group are significant. Methodology: For the research 71 patients of...
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Influence of body composition on metabolic profile in people with spinal cord injury
Křelinová, Iveta ; Vařeková, Jitka (advisor) ; Pavlová, Ilona (referee)
Title: Influence of body composition on metabolic profile in people with spinal cord injury The aim: The aim of this study was to validate the positive relationship between the amount of free fat mass (FFM) and resting metabolic rate (RMR) in subjects with spinal cord lesions. Furthermore, RMR values measured by indirect calorimetry were compared with those predicted by the Harris-Benedict (H-B) equation. Methods: This quantitative research is based on the collaboration between the 3rd Internal Clinic of the 1st Faculty of Medicine, the VFN, the Paraple Centre, o.p.s. and the Faculty of Physical Therapy, Charles University in Prague. The research population consisted of 25 people with spinal cord lesions, clients of the Paraple Centre, 14 men and 11 women. The respondents underwent body composition measurements using the InBody S10 tetrapolar bioimpedance device and resting energy expenditure measurements determined by indirect calorimetry using the Cortex MetaLyzer 3B. The measured RMR values were further compared with the corresponding values calculated using the H-B equation. Data were presented using descriptive statistics methods. Microsoft Excel 2010 and Statistica 12 were used to record and analyze the data and graphs and summary tables were also created. Results: Compared with women, men...
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Validity of commercially available smartwatches when estimating energy expenditure
Kopecký, David ; Pokorný, Jan (referee) ; Řehák Kopečková, Barbora (advisor)
Metabolic rate is an energy quantity. Its value is a key input not only in thermophysiological models, but also in the calculation of heat stress indices or complex models predicting a person's thermal sensation. With the dynamic development of technology, sporttesters are able to estimate energy expenditure, among other things. It is a non-invasive method of estimating energy expenditure, or metabolic rate, using associated body functions to predict it. This work deals with the validity of the accuracy of metabolic rate estimation using the Garmin Fenix 6X Pro sporttester in comparison with indirect calorimetry. The accuracy of the metabolic rate estimation was tested for the activities of lying down, administrative work and cycling with regulated mechanical resistance of 100 and 150 W. 15 male subjects aged 28 ± 5 years, with a weight of 83.2 ± 13.5 kg and a height of 180 ± 7 cm participated in the study. In terms of the results, it is possible to observe a lower accuracy of prediction of metabolic rate for low-intensity activities, with the resulting MAPE being around 19-43 %. On the other hand, for activities with moderate activity, the prediction of the metabolic rate by the used sporttester proved to be sufficiently accurate, with a resulting MAPE in the range of 6–8 %.
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