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Adipose etrogenisation and other anthropological aspects of obesity
Novák, Jan ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Bezdíček, Ondřej (referee) ; Bendlová, Běla (referee)
This work presents an anthropological view of obesity. It introduces the concept of adipose estrogenization and describes its relationship to pelvic morphology. Further, secular changes in the prevalence of latent obesity, the consequences, and the etiology of this condition are described. The work also validates tools for assessing chronotype, subsequently associating these metrics with sociodemographic factors, including obesity. The key part of this project present study focused on changes in the morphology of the bony pelvis in the context of pubertal history of obesity. It is a longitudinal study (n = 238) with an anthropometric examination after 8 years and an estimation of sex hormones. The main observation was that adult men with a history of obesity had more gynoid (relatively wider) pelvic bone morphology and altered levels of sex hormones, i.e., reduced testosterone levels and an increased relative proportion of estradiol to testosterone, i.e., estrogenization. This was manifested with habitual pelvic feminization, which serves as a marker of estrogenization and a retrospective marker of obesity. In the context of this study, a Letter to the Editor is added as a correction to the publication, interpreting these findings as a possible explanation for the shorter second stage of labor in...
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Sport training for paramedic students
ŠTENCLOVÁ, Adéla
This bachelor's thesis concerns the sports training of students in the paramedics' fields at Czech universities. Nowadays, a paramedic is physically stressed by using the instrumentation technics, which are a part of the Medical Rescue Service vehicles, and manipulating patients. The university students have been prepared not only by obtaining knowledge but also by physical preparations. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and the empirical parts. The theoretical part defines the work of a paramedic and the base part of the Integrated Rescue System. Moreover, it deals with a theory of sports achievement, the content of the sports preparation, and the sports courses in the Paramedic fields at the University of South Bohemia. The empirical part was performed by the quantitative method of the survey, by an own questionnaire technique. The research samples come from students in the Paramedic field at particular Czech universities. The survey aimed to analyze the content of the sports preparation and to find out the subjective evaluation of the severity of the sports preparation and the physical readiness of the students. There are two hypotheses. H2: The subjective assessment of the demandingness of the sports preparation is different at particular Czech universities, and H3: The subjective assessment of the physical readiness for the sports preparation in the Paramedic field is the same for both men and women. There is a specific research question for the first aim, which asked about differences in contents of the sports preparation in particular universities in the Czech Republic. The investigative survey detected that according to the students' evaluations, the severity of the sports preparation differs among the Czech universities. Moreover, differences between males and females, were evaluated without significant distinction. Differences in the content of the sports preparation among the particular universities are not considerable. This bachelor's thesis may work as a proposal for adjusting the accreditation in the Paramedic field at the Czech universities.
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The impact of elementary schools orientation on leisure time activities strucutre and physical fitness at child population, age 9 - 14, in Litomeřice town
Techlovský, Jiří ; Musálek, Martin (advisor) ; Rychtecký, Antonín (referee)
Title: The impact of elementary schools orientation on leisure time activities structure and physical fitness at child population, age 9- 14, in Litomerice town Objectives: The aim of the thesis was to determine, if different conceptual orientation of selected elementary schools (aesthetic-music- oriented, sports-oriented) has a significant influence on the structure of leisure time activities and the level of physical fitness of children aged 9-14 years. Methods: The study presents empirical quantitative research, which consists of sample of 202 students selected from two elementary schools in Litomerice town. Level of physical fitness was determined using standardized test battery UNIFITTEST (6-60) and the structure of leisure time activities were detected by sociological questionnaire COMPASS II. For the analysis of the data obtained we used descriptive statistical methods, t-test, analysis of variance ANOVA, chi-square test and coefficient of effect size Cohen d, z-test, Hays omega and effect size etha - η2 . Results: Significant impact of the different conceptual orientation was reflected in the only one of the monitored fields, in the level of physical fitness, but not in the structure of leisure time activities. Sports-oriented school reached significantly better results p < 0,05 and Cohen d...
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Monitoring physical fitness in volleyball girls aged 15 - 18 years.
Neureiterová, Petra ; Vorálek, Rostislav (advisor) ; Kočíb, Tomáš (referee)
Title: The Physical Fitness monitoring of The Volleyball players from the Age 15 - 18 Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to find out and compare changes in averaged performances of physical fitness in selected girls' volleyball teams based on testing in 2014 with the 2017 results Methods: The thesis uses methods of summarization and compilation, comparation, description and result evaluation Results: The best performance was recorded in the volleyball team SK Dansport Praha. The biggest improvement was found in team VK Kavčí hory compared to the previous measurement. All surveyed teams showed higher performance in the test than in 2014 Keywords: monitoring, testing, volleyball, teen-agers, fitness, condition, physical activity, movement load, movement
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Relation of Lifestyle and Physical Fitness of Sporting and Non-Sporting Pupils at General Grammar School
Holanová, Markéta ; Hrabinec, Jiří (advisor) ; Pokorný, Ladislav (referee)
Relation of Lifestyle and Physical Fitness of Sporting and Non-Sporting Pupils at General Grammar School This thesis compares the lifestyle standards of the Pupils at General Grammar School, who do sports regularly with the lifestyle standards of those who don't. Furthermore, it identifies the impact of this on their physical fitness and preferences associated with the healthy lifestyle. The thesis examines and compares the difference in the physical fitness and lifestyle of boys and girls. The work has two parts - theoretical basis and research. The theoretical part defines health, physical fitness and preferences associated with the healthy lifestyle. The research evaluates the results of the physical fitness testing and processes the survey whose objective was to determine the quality of lifestyle of Pupils at General Grammar School. . Keywords: physical fitness, lifestyle, UNIFITEST 6-60, pubescence, health, physical activity
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Postural evaluation of volleyball players at young school age
Jelínková, Šárka ; Nováková, Tereza (advisor) ; Malá, Jitka (referee)
Title: Postural evaluation of volleyball players at young school age Defining the problem: The question of why to evaluate postural maturity of children after one year of life is becoming more frequent. Growing number of children whose parents want them to have athletes, but it is not always targeted early sporting activity for the benefit. In this issue could help mature postural evaluation and implementation of specific tests to assess the suitability of the beginning of targeted sports. The work deals with the evaluation of postural maturity of children younger than school age who are dedicated to volleyball, using a set of simple motor tests and their evaluation and comparison of performance in physical tests and evaluations according to the coaches. Objectives: The present study aims to assess postural maturity groups of children younger than school age, who regularly, at least a year, dedicated to volleyball. Evaluation will be using a battery of simple clinical tests. It also aims to assess the physical fitness of children and compare the results of physical tests with tests of postural maturity and performance broken down by coaches. Methods: Testing was performed using a selected group of children 7 clinical test battery evaluating postural maturity. Followed by testing the same group of...
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Comparison of physical fitness and overall school performance in children at basic school
Sýkorová, Alžběta ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Chrudimský, Jan (referee)
Introduction: Physical fitness and academic achievement may constitute two interrelated variables. Students with higher physical fitness can achieve better learning outcomes in school. Objective: To determine whether students with better learning outcomes have also better outcomes in physical performance tests compared to students with low school achievement. Methods: 167 elementary and primary school students age 11.06 ± 2.4 years old (92 girls and 75 boys) participated in the comparative cross-sectional study. A special seven-item test battery was used to determine their level of physical fitness. Pupils were divided into two groups according to their learning outcomes statements. Results: Students with better learning outcomes had higher physical fitness in the individual tests in the most cases. Statistical analysis of standardized Z-score revealed a statistically significant better physical fitness (p ˂ 0.05) for all students with better learning outcomes in all age groups except the boys from the 2nd stage (p = 0.268). Conclusion: The results showed that students with better learning outcomes also had greater physical fitness. Keywords: academic achievement, physical fitness, elementary and primary school
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The Effect of Exercise Intervention on Physical Fitness and Quality of Life in Patients after Bariatric Surgery
Pacholíková, Pavlína ; Daďová, Klára (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee)
Title: The Effect of Exercise Intervention on Physical Fitness and Quality of Life in Patients after Bariatric Surgery Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the effect of a three-month physical intervention on the physical fitness and quality of life in patients after bariatric surgery. Compare the measured values from six-minute walk test (6MWT) and the questionnaire survey of quality of life between the group undergoing exercise program and the group of non-exercise patients. Methods: The diploma thesis was constructed as a quasi-experiment. A six-minute walk test, a visual analogue pain scale, a Borg scale and a standardized IWQOL-Lite questionnaire were used to asses physical fitness and quality of life. The study involved 28 patients (8 undergoing an exercise program, 20 non-excercisers). The groups were measured before the planned bariatric surgery and about 3-4 months after the surgery. For the analysis of final values, the Microsoft Excel and its add-in Realstatistics was used. Results: In patients undergoing the exercise program, the VAS on average decreased of 2,04 cm, 6MWT improved on average of 42,75 m, and quality of life of 34 points. In non-exercise patients there was an average decrease in VAS of 0,08 cm, an increase in 6MWT of 41,45 m and an increase in quality of life...
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Influence of physical intervention on the musculoskeletal system in patients before and after planned bariatric surgery
Cibulková, Natálie ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Angerová, Yvona (referee) ; Větrovský, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Influence of physical intervention on the musculoskeletal system in patients before and after planned bariatric surgery. Objectives: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of three months physical intervention on the development of static postural stability, musculoskeletal pain, health-related quality of life and physical fitness of obese individuals before and after bariatric surgery. Methods: This is a monocentric prospective non-randomized study. The study included 25 patients of both sexes aged 40 to 57 years (BMI 36-49 kg/m2 ). The patients were divided into an intervention and a control group. The intervention group (INT, n = 7; age 48.9 ± 5.6 years; BMI 40.6 ± 5.5 kg/m2 ) underwent a 3-month resistance aerobic exercise program with a frequency of exercises 3 times a week. The control group (KON, n = 18; age 46.8 ± 12.7 years, BMI 44.2 ± 6.4 kg/m2 ) was not subjected to the exercise program. The level of static postural stability, perceived musculoskeletal pain, health-related quality of life and the level of physical fitness in the periods before and 3, 6 and 12 months after bariatric surgery were assessed. Results: The study showed that resistance aerobic physical intervention improves musculoskeletal pain and health-related quality of life in obese patients...
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