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Fingerprint sensors
Slezák, Jakub ; Frýza, Tomáš (referee) ; Fedra, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the possibilities of immediate fingerprinting and the use of these fingerprints to identify people. The content of the thesis is the technological evaluation of contact and contactless fingerprinting. A presentation and execusion of a fingerprint optical scanner with corresponding software is described together with a review of the results.
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Program for Training of Dactyloscopic Experts
Bartoň, Jan ; Drahanský, Martin (referee) ; Lodrová, Dana (advisor)
This work deals with the design project and the creation of user interface of a programme for the training of dactyloscopy experts. The first chapters describe historical and technical evolution of dactyloscopy. Then the work explains the methods and concepts necessary for understanding and elemental orientations in determination of fingerprints. The final chapters present a proposition of possibilities in how to obtain and represent the results in a comprehensible form. The conclusion of the work is dedicated to tests and evaluation of the results.
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Realization of fingerprint scanner
Kovář, Martin ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Mézl, Martin (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the issue of scanning human fingerprints, which is currently very topical and represents the most widespread biometric technology. The theoretical part of the work acquaints the reader with basics of dactyloscopy and biometrics and concerns technologies used for fingerprinting, image preprocessing methods and commercially available contactless optical scanners. The practical part is a realisation of a contactless optical scanner based on a Raspberry Pi minicomputer, implementation of preprocessing algorithms in Python and testing of the device from the perspective of image quality.
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Fingerprint Liveness Recognition
Lodrová, Dana ; Orság, Filip (referee) ; Drahanský, Martin (advisor)
This document deals with presentation of nowadays software and hardware methods used for fingerprint recognition with focus on liveness testing and thereafter it deals with description of my solution. In order to describe results obtained from study of technical literature, we discuss important terminology of biometric systems at first and further main principles of fingerprint sensors used in practice are shown. From overviewed methods of liveness detection we underline one method based on perspiration (researched by BioSAL laboratory) and one spectroscopic method researched by Lumidigm Corporation. The study of liveness testing methods inspired me to creation of new type fingerprint sensor which has built-in livennes testing method based on two characteristic properties of living human tisue. In order to test this sensor, we discuss nowadays sensor deception method. It follows from their analysis, that newly designed sensor should be theoretically resistant to each of them.
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Legal aspects of forensic dactyloscopy and its perspectives
Andrašková, Tímea ; Dvořák, Marek (advisor) ; Šelleng, Dalibor (referee)
Legal aspects of forensic dactyloscopy and its perspectives Abstract The main theme of the diploma thesis is forensic dactyloscopy. It is an identification method that is nowadays an essential part of forensic science. This method is based on three fundamental principles of fingerprinting concerning the relative constancy, non-removability, and individuality of papillary lines. The key to the success of the method is the use of absolutely unique markers. Due to this, dactyloscopy can be used in detection and investigation of crimes. The thesis is divided into four thematic parts. In the first one, attention is paid to the history of dactyloscopy and the personalities who have connected it with forensic science. Chapter two focuses on defining the substance of forensic dactyloscopy from the scientific point of view. The object of this section is to elucidate the reasons why dactyloscopy can be considered a reliable and fundamentally infallible identification method. The third chapter converts scientific knowledge into forensic practice. The purpose is to explain simple mechanism of the formation of fingerprint traces and to introduce the techniques by which a fingerprint can be made suitable for laboratory examination. The chapter discusses not only traditional methods of searching for and securing...
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Concept and nature of dactyloscopy (fingerprinting)
Šišková, Jitka ; Štourač, Petr (advisor) ; Musil, Jan (referee)
91 15. SUMMARY Concept and nature of fingerprinting The purpose of my thesis is to completely examine the issue of dactyloscopy and introduce this forensic method, both the theoretical and practical parts. It deals with the historical development of dactyloscopy, the legislation in the Czech Republic, finger- print impression, capture, constancy, detection and comparison. For greater clarity and orientation, the thesis is composed of several parts - each dealing with different aspects. It is also supplemented with pictures that help to imagine a particular thing. Chapter One contains an introduction which gives a general view of dactylosco- py as a forensic method. Chapter Two deals with the historical development and important personalities of dactyloscopy. It explores the origins of knowledge of fingerprint patterns in ancient times and also focuses on the pioneers of dactyloscopy. The chapter is subdivided into three parts. Part One deals with Jan Evangelista Purkyně who first described and classi- fied the basic patterns of friction ridges on distal phalanges. Part Two mentions the world personalities of dactyloscopy (for example Francis Galton, Juan Vucetich, Henry Faulds). The development of dactyloscopy in the Czech Republic is included in Part Three. Chapter Three discusses the concept, the object,...
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Fingerprinting - Past, Present and Future
Semera, Lukáš ; Krupička, Jiří (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
FINGERPRINTING - PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE The objective of this thesis is to present the forensic fingerprinting as a scientific method which, although in comparison with other forensic sciences being one of the oldest, is not out-dated at all, quite to the contrary - it presents an ever-changing and continuously developing field of science. The objective is approached through three distinctive and yet intertwined chapters corresponding with the title of the thesis - past, present and future of the fingerprinting. They are also designed, at least in part, to capture this constant forward motion. Accordingly, the first chapter aims to describe briefly scientific roots of the method, the way it drew in its beginnings from various scientific discoveries, inspired by the rise of Darwinism. Particular emphasis is put on the description of the formulation and empirical confirmation of three physiological laws of fingerprinting that even today serve as its grounds. The second chapter deals with and tries to describe the current state of knowledge and particular methods used in detection, development and preservation of fingerprints, especially latent ones. To do this it seems to be necessary to describe briefly the anatomy and physiology of friction ridge skin, as it enables to fully comprehend the way in...
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Dactylography - past, present and future
Zapletalová, Karolína ; Krupička, Jiří (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to comprehensively analyze and describe one of the oldest methods of individual identification of individuals, which originates in ancient civilizations and consists of identifying a person on the basis of unique drawings of his papillary terrain. The dactyloscopy will be viewed primarily from a criminalistic perspective, although the text also deals with its expansion and use in other areas of human life. This is also a current trend, whose tendencies can be expected in the future. The thesis is divided into three basic chapters - history, present, future, which will gradually summarize the whole issue of this established forensic science. The text is supplemented with pictures and photographs with regard to practical use of this method. The first part of the thesis deals with the history of dactyloscopy from the discovery of papillary lines by ancient cultures to the gradual introduction of scientific approach to this discipline, either from physiological point of view or later from the criminalistic point of view. The text focuses mainly on important personalities who have helped to develop dactyloscopy and put it into practice. At the end of this part, the historical background and the development of the doctrine of papillary lines in the Czech Republic are also...
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Fingerprinting - Past, Present and Future
Janotová, Martina ; Krupička, Jiří (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
1 Abstract Fingerprinting - Past, Present and Future The objective of the presented diploma thesis is to provide a comprehensive overview of findings in fingerprints area. Fingerprinting is a unique method enabling quick, inexpensive and reliable personal identification. To provide a comprehensive understanding of the presented issue, fingerprint reputation as ever-changing and continuously developing method is put into contrast with its contradictions and current problems. The first part of the thesis describes roots and genesis of the method from its beginnings in ancient realms up to date. The process of shaping of the knowledge in the field of fingerprints into a science is presented through the works of the most prominent fingerprints personalities. Despite the difficult beginnings, fingerprints finally reached the position of trustworthy and respectful area of forensic science. Due to that; the historical part follows the journey of fingerprints evidence into the police investigation and court rooms. Final point brings an attention to the establishment of fingerprinting in Czech criminal investigation. The main part of the thesis is dedicated to the practical aspect of fingerprints expertise. To provide a deep level of understanding, particular role of fingerprints in criminal investigations and its...
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