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Fermentation of biogas plants
Mrůzková, Karolína ; Vičíková, Magda (referee) ; Svěrák, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the study of biogas plant technologies, mainly those based on the wet anaerobic digestion. In the experimental part of the thesis, biogas yield of the substrates (corn silage, corn hominy, pig slurry, poultry droppings, sugar beet pulp) is measured in a fermentation test. Based on the real biogas yields of a particular biogas plant, where the determined substrates are used, the relative error of the fermentation test was calculated.
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Quantification of food waste in municipal waste and the possibility of processing this waste
Orságová, Marie ; Pořízka, Jaromír (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
The theoretical study of anaerobic digestion is designed to predict the amount of biogas in food waste. The theoretical part characterizes the processing of biodegradable waste as well as the use of biogas and the calculation method for determining biogas production. In the experimental part, the analytical technique of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to determine minerals (K, Ca, P, Mg, Na, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn) in food waste, as well as elemental analysis for carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen determination. This thesis provides a simplified model that predicts the amount of produced biogas and could be used for further feasibility studies, such as bioreactors dimensioning. The method can be used for different starting materials and repeated for other similar applications in an effort to extend anaerobic digestion systems as a source of clean energy.
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Energy utilization of biomass through wet fermentation
Odehnal, Lukáš ; Linda, Jakub (referee) ; Kalivodová, Markéta (advisor)
The final thesis focuses on the energy utilization of biomass and the description and calculation of the energy balance of a specific biogas plant, Valeč near Hrotovice. The text is divided into five blocks, in the first block the sources of biomass and its subsequent energy use are discussed. The second part covers processes and technologies using wet fermentation. The third chapter describes a specific biogas plant. The fourth part calculates the balance of electricity and heat production, and the last chapter of the thesis summarizes the calculated values and compares the technology used with other possible sources.
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Kompostovací proces v Kompostárně Želivec, Agora, s. r. o.
Křapáčková, Klára
The bachelor thesis is entitled Composting process in the Composting Plant Želivec, AGORA s.r.o. The main subject of the work is the description of processes of biodegradable waste management, namely composting and an anaerobic digestion. Furthermore, composting, its principle, conditions, and possible places of use of this process and technology are being discussed in more detail. The result of the bachelor thesis is the characteristics and evaluation of the composting process in the Composting Plant Želivec, AGORA s.r.o., using a description of the technology, systems and equipment used. It is a combination of composting in a composting hall and a method of composting in belt piles in the open space.
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Energy utilization of biomass through wet fermentation
Odehnal, Lukáš ; Linda, Jakub (referee) ; Kalivodová, Markéta (advisor)
The final thesis focuses on the energy utilization of biomass and the description and calculation of the energy balance of a specific biogas plant, Valeč near Hrotovice. The text is divided into five blocks, in the first block the sources of biomass and its subsequent energy use are discussed. The second part covers processes and technologies using wet fermentation. The third chapter describes a specific biogas plant. The fourth part calculates the balance of electricity and heat production, and the last chapter of the thesis summarizes the calculated values and compares the technology used with other possible sources.
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Quantification of food waste in municipal waste and the possibility of processing this waste
Orságová, Marie ; Pořízka, Jaromír (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
The theoretical study of anaerobic digestion is designed to predict the amount of biogas in food waste. The theoretical part characterizes the processing of biodegradable waste as well as the use of biogas and the calculation method for determining biogas production. In the experimental part, the analytical technique of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used to determine minerals (K, Ca, P, Mg, Na, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn) in food waste, as well as elemental analysis for carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen determination. This thesis provides a simplified model that predicts the amount of produced biogas and could be used for further feasibility studies, such as bioreactors dimensioning. The method can be used for different starting materials and repeated for other similar applications in an effort to extend anaerobic digestion systems as a source of clean energy.
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The production of biofuels and regional development: case study Mohelnicko
Rozmanová, Jana ; Jančák, Vít (advisor) ; Hrabák, Jiří (referee)
The aim of thesis is to capture and analyze changes, which were caused by the construction of two biogas stations in the study area Mohelnicko. In the thesis is described process of anaerobic digestation, biogas basic elements and their development in the country. The next section of thesis analyze changes in maize area as the main raw material of agricultural biogas plants and collecting areas in the study area. The following is a survey among the inhabitants of the village Třeština, which investigates the impact on the lives of the community and regional development. The conclusion summarizes the results and their evaluation.
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Monitoring and control of processes in biogas plants
Trubač, Daniel ; Vondra, Marek (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of management of biogas plants. It deals with the creation of biogas and the functioning of the biogas plant. A separate part is devoted to the description of factors influencing the efficiency and stability of the fermentation process and the methods of their measurement. The final part introduces the latest technologies in the field of monitoring and control of biogas plants. The use of decision support systems in biogas plants seems to be a very promising direction for further development.
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UTILIZATION OF FOOD PROCESSING WASTE FOR LACTIC ACID AND ETHANOL PRODUCTION
Hudečková, Helena ; Kráčmar, Stanislav (referee) ; Buňka, František (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
The doctoral thesis is focused on the microbial production of lactic acid and ethanol using food processing waste as substrate. Coffee processing waste (spent coffee grounds), wine production waste (grape pomace) and orange processing waste (orange peel) were chosen as substrates for experiments. The theoretical part is dedicated to summarizing current knowledge about waste from food production and possibilities of its processing. It also deals with selected metabolites (lactic acid, ethanol) to which these wastes can be used. Part of the experiments was focused on the characterization and optimization of hydrolysis to maximize the amount of fermentable saccharides. Different combinations of chemical, physical and enzymatic hydrolysis of selected substrates have been tested. Subsequently, a suitable strain for lactic acid and ethanol production was searched for. In the case of lactic acid production, 7 bacterial strains were selected (Lactobacillus casei CCM 4798, Bacillus coagulans CCM 2013, Bacillus coagulans CCM 2658, Lactobacillus rhamnosus CCM 1825T, Lactobacillus delbruckii subsp. bulgaricus CCM 7190, Lactobacillus plantarum CCM 7039T, Streptococcus thermophilus CCM 4757). These strains were first cultivated on the synthetic media containing different kind of saccharides. Afterward, the cultivation on the waste biomass hydrolysates were tested. In the case of ethanol production, 2 yeast strains kmeny (S. cerevisiae CNCTC 6646 a S. cerevisiae CNCTC 6651) were cultivated on hydrolysates of individual waste substrates. Subsequently, the experiments focused on the production of lactic acid and ethanol on hydrolysates of waste biomass in bioreactor were done. The last part of this doctoral thesis deals with the microaerobic pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass to increase the production of organic acids during the acetogenic phase of anaerobic digestion.
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Energy use of digestate
Kaška, Zdeněk ; Štelcl, Otakar (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the research of biomass in general, its types and processing. Nowadays, biomass appears to be an environmentally and financially acceptable substitute for fossil fuels due to increasingly stringent emissions standards. The second part deals with its particular type, digestate. It is investigated whether the fossil fuel can be replaced or how the energy production process could be changed.
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