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Russian-Western Relations in the context of the Ukrainian crisis
Beran, Jiří ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
This thesis aims to find out the causes of the Ukrainian crisis that started at the end of 2013 with demonstrations in Ukrainian cities against the president Yanukovych's regime. This crisis later escalated into the seizure of the Crimean Peninsula by the Russian federation and led to the war in the eastern Ukraine. Moreover, the crisis is closely linked to a broader crisis between Russia and the West, represented mainly by NATO and the European union. This work also attempts to find the possible reasons for the crisis. Furthermore, this thesis searches for an answer to the question whether the Ukrainian crisis could be resolved by Ukraine's acceptance of its neutral status, and whether this would improve the relations between the West and Russia. Since they were in similar situation during the cold war, Austria and Finland are used as examples of possible solution for the crisis by declaring the neutral status.
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Islamophobia and New Populism in Contemporary Western Europe: France and the Netherlands
Kočařová, Martina ; Barša, Pavel (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
Islamophobia and New Populism in Contemporary Western Europe: France and the Netherlands Bc. Martina Kočařová The Master thesis Islamophobia and New Populism in Contemporary Western Europe: France and the Netherlands explores current transformations of populism in contemporary Western Europe. The main objectives of the thesis are following: First, to verify a hypothesis implying that islamophobia has become a new feature of the contemporary populism, which has been consequently changing in terms of its content. Thus, it can hardly be classified as another form of the 'far right' politics. In this context, one may observe its shift towards the centre of the political party system. Second, based on the above outlined assumption, we aim to study whether the populist parties can be considered 'populist' in spite of the new features they have recently adopted. The theoretical framework of our research refers to Paul Taggart's conceptualisation of populism applying it on the cases of the French National Front under the lead of Marine Le Pen and the Dutch Party for Freedom and his leader Geert Wilders.
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Assessing polarisation and party system deinstitutionalisation in multiparty Western Europe between 1998 and 2018
Laohabut, Thareerat ; Torcal, Mariano (advisor) ; Handl, Vladimír (referee)
The consequences and aftermaths of the 2008 Great Recession have played an important role in stirring people fear and agony to 'some' other people. The phenomenon is defined as the root of affective polarization. Research has claimed that affective polarization derives from partisan identity and the theory of social identity, and those affects are developed and reached beyond the classic concept of ideological polarization. During the post-economic crisis, a number of successful new radical right parties has surged across the continent. In addition, Western European politics has severely been polarized and increasingly characterized by growing hostility and incivility across partisan lines. Simultaneously, the trend of deinstitutionalization of party system goes upward across Europe. This article seeks to investigate a puzzle of whether and how increasing levels of party system deinstitutionalization are associated with increasing polarization. Assessing the association between party system deinstitutionalization and the two dimensions of polarization between 1997 and 2017 (82 elections in 15 countries), the empirical result shows such an unexpected result and strongly implies the underestimated effects of political structures on party system deinstitutionalization and polarization while...
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Regional Transition - From Conflict to Cooperation
Kuľková, Miroslava ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Karlas, Jan (referee) ; Koschut, Simon (referee)
Doctoral thesis Regional Transition - From Conflict to Cooperation examines the transformation of world regions from non-cooperative to. It brings reconceptualization of the peaceful change, which it understands as a continuum - negative peace, positive peace, and security community. This understanding builds on the existing literature on peaceful change, yet the conceptualization of the stages is innovated. The main goal of this dissertation is to capture the dynamic process of transition from negative to positive peace, and from positive peace to the security community. It uses findings from the literature on peaceful changes and trust-building to build two comprehensive mechanisms of transition that are subsequently traced with the method of process-tracing in two cases of the region for each type of transition. The focus is on the entities and activities producing the qualitative change in the regional relations. For the transition from negative to positive peace, Western Balkans in the period from 1999 to 2011, and Southeast Asia from 1966 to 2003 are chosen. For the transition from positive peace to the security community, Western Europe (1957-2004) and North America (1940s- 2011) are chosen.
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Russian-Western Relations in the context of the Ukrainian crisis
Beran, Jiří ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
This thesis aims to find out the causes of the Ukrainian crisis that started at the end of 2013 with demonstrations in Ukrainian cities against the president Yanukovych's regime. This crisis later escalated into the seizure of the Crimean Peninsula by the Russian federation and led to the war in the eastern Ukraine. Moreover, the crisis is closely linked to a broader crisis between Russia and the West, represented mainly by NATO and the European union. This work also attempts to find the possible reasons for the crisis. Furthermore, this thesis searches for an answer to the question whether the Ukrainian crisis could be resolved by Ukraine's acceptance of its neutral status, and whether this would improve the relations between the West and Russia. Since they were in similar situation during the cold war, Austria and Finland are used as examples of possible solution for the crisis by declaring the neutral status.
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Threat perception in the North Atlantic Region: Media Image of Terrorism in the US and Western Europe
Moravčík, Vladimír ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Weiss, Tomáš (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with media frames in selected American and British media with an influence over broader European audience. The subject of the research is the difference in the perception of terrorism in the US and Western Europe. The work specifically examines the contexts in which the terrorist threat was reported in 2001-2005 in The New York Times and The Guardian. The work is based on the works of Mary N. Hampton and Wyn Rees, who claim that in the US the threat of terrorism is seen as an external problem of military nature, while in Western Europe terrorism is seen as an internal criminal problem. This work identifies media frameworks in selected media that match this difference in perception of terrorist threat. The discursive analysis and the application of framing theory are used to identify the media frames.
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Lacemaking in Bohemia in 17 and 18 century
Čížkovská, Zdeňka ; Sojka, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Czumalová, Petra (referee)
Lacemaking in Bohemia in 17 and 18 century. The main theme of this work is to reflect on the lace-making tradition in Bohemia during 17th and 18th century both on the basis of already published studies, as well as with the help of historical portraits. The work also contains a brief outline of the history of lace making and of course discusses lace making and the types of lacemaking in other european countries. Just the tradition of the neighboring countries of the Czech lace-making pick up and prove it to adapt to the requirements of the domestic environment. The lace was an integral part of the garment, therefore this work is also supplemented by the development of fashion, recorded from the renaissance period after the fashion 18th century.
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The Migrant Crisis and its Representation in Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung and Lidové noviny
Müllerová, Alexandra ; Jeřábek, Hynek (advisor) ; Hájek, Martin (referee)
Over the last two years the number of refugees and asylum seekers in European countries dramatically increased, with asylum claims mostly originating from countries affected by war and poverty, especially in the Middle East, Africa, and the Balkans. The rapid increase of the mobility of migrants raises contradictory reactions in society and individual countries can not agree on an acceptable solution. Against the background, Western European countries usually approach the immigrants more openly than Eastern European countries. A big role in the question of acceptance of migrants in different countries is played by the media. In contemporary society, the media constitute the main source of information about what is happening in the world and intermediate events in which the public cannot participate directly. Therefore it is important to examine how mass media in Eastern and Western European countries present the issues of solidarity, human rights, and the right to asylum. The aim of this master thesis is to find out what the main differences are in the case of printed mass media and whether the western newspapers create a better image of refugees than eastern media. As a representation of an Eastern European medium one Czech daily newspaper was chosen and from Western newspapers one German medium...
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Islamophobia and New Populism in Contemporary Western Europe: France and the Netherlands
Kočařová, Martina ; Barša, Pavel (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
Islamophobia and New Populism in Contemporary Western Europe: France and the Netherlands Bc. Martina Kočařová The Master thesis Islamophobia and New Populism in Contemporary Western Europe: France and the Netherlands explores current transformations of populism in contemporary Western Europe. The main objectives of the thesis are following: First, to verify a hypothesis implying that islamophobia has become a new feature of the contemporary populism, which has been consequently changing in terms of its content. Thus, it can hardly be classified as another form of the 'far right' politics. In this context, one may observe its shift towards the centre of the political party system. Second, based on the above outlined assumption, we aim to study whether the populist parties can be considered 'populist' in spite of the new features they have recently adopted. The theoretical framework of our research refers to Paul Taggart's conceptualisation of populism applying it on the cases of the French National Front under the lead of Marine Le Pen and the Dutch Party for Freedom and his leader Geert Wilders.
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Mortality analysis of diseases caused by smoking in selected countries of the Western Europe
Vachová, Aneta ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
Mortality analysis of diseases caused by smoking in selected countries of the Western Europe Abstract The main objective of the thesis is to compare smoking-related mortality trends, using analytical methods, in selected countries of Western Europe (Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Luxembourg and the Netherlands) during 1999-2009. The development of mortality has been demonstrated by fundamental mortality indicators. Furthermore, there has been an analysis carried out in order to demonstrate a difference in temporary life expectancy at age 35-85 under the condition that smoking related causes of death were eliminated. Results of the main part of the work show that in period 1999-2009 smoking-attributable mortality declined and that if people did not die because of those diseases, temporary life expectancy at age 35-85 would increase in average by 2 and 3.6 years for women and men respectively. Temporary life expectancy was increasing during the whole study and for both sexes. Keywords: mortality, smoking, cause of death, Western Europe, sex
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