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Ethics and artificial intelligence
Švarcová, Kateřina ; Sousedík, Prokop (advisor) ; Šolcová, Kateřina (referee)
The thesis focuses on the ethics of artificial intelligence (AI). It is organized into three main parts. The first part describes the basic concepts. There are explained in particularthe basic principles of algorithms and the functioning of AI from a technical point of view. In the next part, the thesis uses texts by J.R. Searle and J. Peregrine to compare AI and human thinking from a philosophical perspective. From this section it is concluded that AI is a machine and as such has no moral responsibility. The moral responsibility in working with AI lies with humans, that is, the developers of AI and its users. This is addressed in the third part of the thesis, where various current moral issues are presented and basic ethical principles for AI work and development are established based on utilitarian and deontological orientations.
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Perception of Generative Artificial Intelligence in selected Newsrooms of Domestic News Media with a Focus on Changes in Journalistic Ethics
Vaněček, Lukáš ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Klimeš, David (referee)
The bachelor thesis delves into the subject of artificial intelligence and simultaneously explores its application in domestic editorial offices, along with the emerging ethical challenges associated with these technologies. In the theoretical section, in addition to introducing generative artificial intelligence itself and platforms such as ChatGPT or Midjourney operating on this basis, it describes the ethical domains in which the mentioned tools may instigate changes. The thesis includes a qualitative research component based on twelve in-depth semi- structured interviews with respondents from both public-service and private newsrooms actively utilizing generative artificial intelligence. Keywords Artificial Intelligence, AI, ChatGPT, Midjourney, ethics, transformation, machine learning, automated journalism, media Title Perception of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Selected Newsrooms of Domestic News Media with a Focus on Changes in Journalistic Ethics
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The impact of the use of artificial intelligence on work value perception
Nguyen, Nhu Anh ; Vranka, Marek (advisor) ; Houdek, Petr (referee)
This thesis explores how people perceive work created with the help artificial intelligence amid its increasing importance and adaptation. Through summary of existing works, it investigates divergent attitudes towards AI across demographics and professions. The study uses an experiment to reveal how AI labeling affects perceptions of value, likability, originality, or time estimation for creating works, and compares the research results with existing studies. The paper concludes with recommendations for creators regarding AI labels.
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Ethics of Image Generative Artificial Intelligence in Journalism
Janota, Filip ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Géla, František (referee)
The ethics of image generative artificial intelligence in journalism is a topic that has not yet been thoroughly explored by academics. This paper seeks to make a new contribution to the field and to lay the foundations for further research. In the theoretical section, it summarizes existing knowledge on generative artificial intelligence, contextualizes it within the overall development of artificial intelligence, and describes its penetration into communication and journalism. It reflects on the literature published to date and quotes from studies that relate to the topic. It also looks at the phenomenon of image manipulation and the spread of misinformation and, last but not least, the treatment of artificial intelligence in the context of journalistic self-regulation. The practical part then presents the actual research, which is conducted as a qualitative content analysis of three case studies depicting the dissemination of images created by artificial intelligence. These are firstly the alleged arrest of Donald Trump, secondly the artificially created photograph of the pope and thirdly the photograph databases. The research was carried out to reveal the specifics of the threat of the spread of misinformation based on the output of text-to-image models of generative artificial intelligence. It...
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Impact of European Central Bank and Federal Reserve System statements on cryptocurrency markets via sentiment analysis
Krejcar, Vilém ; Krištoufek, Ladislav (advisor) ; Čech, František (referee)
This study explores the impact of public statements from major central banks, specifically the FED and the ECB, on Bitcoin volatility from 2018 to 2021. Utilizing high-frequency data, we computed Bitcoin's volatility and extracted sentiment scores from the central banks' communications using two methods: the FinBERT language model and the state-of-the-art Generative AI GPT-4 model with tailored prompt. The GPT-4 model, capturing more nuanced senti- ment from text, was deemed superior. Our analysis involved comparing various models, with the HAR model emerging as the most e ective for this study. The research findings are particularly significant: negative sentiment from the ECB during the pandemic was associated with immediate and significant increases in Bitcoin volatility, indicating a market reaction of caution when faced with negative emission. These findings highlight the significant impact of central bank sentiment on Bitcoin volatility, confirming the initial hypothesis of this research. Additionally, the results provide a motivation to incorporate Genera- tive Artificial Intelligence into academic research as a tool for uncovering novel insights. JEL Classification C32, C55, C58, E58, G15 Keywords central banks, sentiment analysis, volatility, Bit- coin, GenAI, HAR, FED, ECB Title Impact of European...
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The Truth in Media After Artificial Intelligence Application
Čejka, Pavel ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Miessler, Jan (referee)
The master's thesis is devoted to the analysis of the challenges and opportunities brought by the emergence of generative artificial intelligence in the news media. The aim of this thesis is not only to explore what changes are expected in the media landscape as a result of the development of AI-produced content, but also to identify the ethical challenges associated with this technology. In particular, the thesis focuses on how the boundaries of truthfulness and defending reality are shifting under the influence of the development of AI-generated content. The thesis uses qualitative research through semi-structured interviews with AI experts. The main findings show that generative AI has the potential to transform news media and society as a whole. Experts agree that AI can help automate routine tasks, allowing journalists to engage in more analytical and insightful work. The changing paradigm of truth reflects society's transition to the digital era. However, with this progress comes challenges such as the potential for misuse of AI to produce infomation disorder and erode public trust in media content. Another important area of inquiry is the ethical and normative regulation of AI. The research highlights the need for discussion among experts, and the importance of transparency in training data...
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The impact of AI tools on higher education students
Lacina, Ondřej ; Soukup, Petr (advisor) ; Remr, Jiří (referee)
In the world of rapidly evolving technologies, the last two years have seen a massive expansion of artificial intelligence. We are therefore all encountering emerging AI tools in our everyday lives. The thesis titled The Impact of AI Tools on Higher Education Students focuses on the ways in which students of Czech universities approach these new emerging technologies. After explaining the notion of artificial intelligence, the fundamental breakdown of the tools is outlined. The possible good and negative elements of these new instruments are also discussed. For the research, a mixed research design is adopted, which separates the analysis into two sections using the explanatory sequential design's processes. In the first step, a quantitative questionnaire survey was undertaken, with respondents divided proportionally into ten quotas based on the ISCED-F 2013 category. Semi-structured interviews were used in the second stage to augment the questionnaire survey. The analysis resulted in the key trends in the use of AI tools among students of Czech universities. High focus is given on the frequency of use, preferred tools, usual purposes of usage in academic, private, and professional life, faith in the generated information, and worries about potential negative consequences. The usual user groups for...
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Geography pre-service teachers' perceptions of using artificial intelligence in education
Balvín, Vojtěch ; Krajňáková, Lenka (advisor) ; Cimová, Tereza (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on pre-service teachers'perspective of artificial intelligence. The thesis aims to explore how geography pre-service teachers perceive using artificial intelligence during their study and teaching. The stated aim was achieved through semi-structured interviews with twelve students. For the evaluation of the students' responses, the content analysis method was utilised. The findings show that most of the interviewed pre-service teachers have a positive view of artificial intelligence, and each of them has used it at least once during their studies. It is mostly used by them for writing seminar papers and for information retrieval during their studies. When teaching in lower- or higher-secondary schools, AI is then mainly used by the students to prepare lessons and educational materials. Respondents themselves are trying to deepen their knowledge and skills regarding artificial intelligence. They would also like to attend courses where they would be given the basics of how to work properly with artificial intelligence.
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