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Collective Trauma and Identity Struggle: Underground Factors of the 2019 South American Demonstration Waves
Franck, Gabrielle ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
Collective trauma infuences the political scene in an often unnoticed way. By focusing on the cases of Argentina and Chile, this study analyses which consequences traumas, experienced simultaneously by a collective, may have over time on generations, the state and its institutions. Linking it with social mobilizations, it outlines how the updating of perceptions, having emerged through the narration of stories of the past, creates distrust towards the state's institutions. This, in turn, increases the likeliness of mobilizations and violent outbreak within them. Interactions between the crowd and institutions such as the police, the military or other political actors could thus change with the depictions' elder generations make of them. These descriptions themselves, as this study shows, are shaped according to one's own experiences, past and present. Through a mixed methodology of quantitative and qualitative tools, this thesis aims to underline how the new generations, having not lived these times, may still be affected by their elders' collective traumatic experiences. While social, economic and political reasons may trigger the rise of mobilizations within a country, collective traumas, and the ensuing perceptions they produce, will be described as an underlying factor, preparing the perfect...
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The implications of China's activities in Latin America on the hegemonic position of the US in the region in the early 21st century
Sánchez, Eugenio ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Perutka, Lukáš (referee)
The implications of China's activities in Latin America on the hegemonic position of the US in the region in the early 21st century Eugenio Sánchez Abstract In the last two decades, China has significantly changed the balance of power in international relations. The question is whether a similar pattern can be observed in the context of Latin America, which would imply a disruption of the US hegemony in the region. This thesis seeks to answer this question by assessing the Chinese involvement in Latin America in the period between 2000-2019 in three areas - economic, military and cultural. Special focus is given to the definition of the concept of hegemony and the identification of the basic features of the US hegemony in Latin America. This thesis concludes that China has become an important economic player in the Latin American region, however its influence in the two other fields (military and cultural) has not been so significant. Also, China's economic impact is limited to a few South American countries and does not threaten the overall hegemonic position of the United States in Latin America.
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Understanding of the concept 'Corporate Social Responsibility' - universal vs. regional level in South America
Pavlovičová, Natália ; Parízek, Michal (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
This master thesis elaborates on the question whether there is a difference in the understanding of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on the universal level and on the regional level in South America. It is built upon the dichotomy of the recent movement in the CSR field that seeks to answer both emerging transnational challenges in a coordinated way while delivering a significant impact on the local level. The analysis is performed using the method of content analysis. Two major aspects of CSR are analyzed - the way the nature of CSR is defined and the prominence of the issues that CSR should address. Based on the results of the content analysis, we identify major trends in the understanding of CSR on both levels and determine the scope of the difference between them. Regarding the differences, we find one common denominator that is dominant on both levels - institutions and governance. In other categories we observe a high variability of the prominence across analysed levels. The important trends revealed in the thesis is a high penetration of South America with foreign CSR institutions and a significant impact of a membership in a global CSR organization on how CSR is communicated by a member organization on the regional level.
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Security Situation in Columbia in a Context of the Drug Trafficking and its Impact on the Region
Kačírek, Lukáš ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (referee)
The thesis is concerned with the drug trade in Colombia, country with the largest drug production in the world. It is aimed especially at the age of drug cartels that used to have an eminent impact on the country's security situation. Firstly, it explains the main causes of the Colombian conflict. Afterwards, cartels from Medellín and Cali are introduced. After their downfall, they were shortly replaced by the Norte del Valle cartel. This cartel was however less successful in the drug field. After the downfall of the two important cartels, the drug field splintered. The thesis is briefly focused on the present situation as well. Guerilla groups also play a significant role in the conflict, thus one of the chapters is dedicated to them. Specific chapter is concerned with the reflection of the USA in the conflict - it introduces their role during the first half of the twentieth century as well as Plan Colombia. The last chapter discusses Colombia's relations with regional states in the crucial era from the view of drug trade. These states are specifically Peru, Bolivia and Mexico. The end of the thesis evaluates what kind of a state Colombia was in the second half of the twentieth century according to the Robert Rotberg's state theory.
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Comparative analysis of political and economic organizations MERCOSUR and Pacific Alliance
Mocák, Filip ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (advisor) ; Svitková, Katarína (referee)
The purpose of this work is to examine two political and economic blocs of South America; MERCOSUR and Pacific Alliance. Concretely, it focuses on the way of founding above mentioned organizations as well as it stresses economic power of both coalitions and their potential for the future. Region is analysed by realism perspective. While MERCOSUR was understood as a product of bandwagoning executed by Brazil's neighbours, the research about Pacific Alliance was based on balance of power behaviour. I used two research strategies: (1) a descriptive method applying bandwagoning and balance of power concepts on process of creation of both respective organization and (2) comparative analysis to compare coalitions and bring insight on current success of Pacific Alliance and potential outlook in the future. Since the relevant continent is considered as zone of peace, the realistic view on power was enriched by economic aspect. Hence, a driving force in regional affairs is economic, rather than military power. In case of Pacific Alliance, The focus was on two founding members, Chile and Colombia, since both are considered as secondary powers on the South American continent. The main sources to conduct this research were published economic reports and academic articles, analyses and journals. Even though...
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Does relative power of a state affects tendency toward balancing?
Lauer, Maroš ; Kofroň, Jan (advisor) ; Karlas, Jan (referee)
This thesis analyses one of the key components of the neorealistic approach in international relations - the theory of balansing. Unlike the other studies on this topic, this paper doesn't analyse behaviour of the world powers. It also doesn't offer a comprehensive case studies of one particular state. The key unit of analysis in our thesis are all smaller states, which do not belong to dominant actors in their region and therefore have to fight daily for their survival in the anarchic structure of neorealist world system. In this paper we have decided to explore the relation between the two types of states' behaviour and the factors which influence the tendency of the state to choose one of them. According to the neorealist theory, we can distinguish two basic types of the state behaviour - balancing and bandwagoning. Our factors influencing this behaviour (e.g. our independent variables) are power of the state, number of available allies, geographic proximity to the dominant actor in the geographic neighbourhood and the difference in political system of the state and his closest threat. The influence of these factors is analysed in the period from the end of Napoleonic wars until the beginning of WWII. As our thesis analyses a large number of data, we decided to use primarily quantitative research...
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Geography and natural history curriculums integration for secondary schools - example of the living nature of America
Sovičková, Michaela ; Mourek, Jan (advisor) ; Blažová, Kateřina (referee)
Classical frontal teaching, where pupils are supposed to listen to the teacher and make notes is becoming stereotypical. Therefore I decided to focus on a topic where I can apply more teaching methods both in Geography lessons and Biology ones. The goal of this work was to create a teaching guide including necessary materials covering the topic of American natural lanscapes and afterwards to evaluate the contribution of these activities. The teaching materials were tested in two classes in The Basic School in Dolní Břežany. Both classes underwent a pretest, the first posttest (immediately after the experimental lessons), the second posttest (six weeks after the experimental lessons) and pupils also tried activities in which they had to apply their achieved knowledge. The data were evaluated using statistical analyses where the results showed a progress of gained knowledge between the pretest and the first posttest, whereas their knowledge did not significantly differ between the first and second posttest. It can be concluded that pupils broadened their knowledge, which was deeper than at the beginning and the pupils were able to retain this knowledge for a longer time. Key words: North America, South America, natural lanscapes, Biology, Geography, activating teaching methods, curriculum integration
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Ohrožení ekonomických zájmů EU v Jižní a Střední Americe.
Frýda, Jiří ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Kovář, Martin (referee) ; Barteček, Ivo (referee)
The dissertation analyses the threats to economic interests of EU in Latin America - mostly focused on MERCOSUR's countries. Both regions share history, cultural and social bonds which were interrupted by the Cold War. During this period was Latin America a natural zone of interest of the United States (similarity with East Europe and USS R). The fundamental event is the end of bipolarity. The dissertation is mostly focused on one decade between 2003-2013. The three main chapters define the concept of economic security, the relationship between the EU-Latin America on the background of the historical insight and third main chapter analyses China's engagement in Latin America. In the post-Cold War period came a significant paradigmatic shift in the perception of economic security/vulnerability. Considering the asymmetry of relations between the two regions, we analyze a historical background, including the so-called "shared values" that partially (but not entirely) can be challenged. Relations between the two regions are viewed as highly pragmatic with a strong emphasis on trade ties. China as a new element in the region, where traditionally has competed the United States and Europe, is the core topic of the main third chapter. Latin America isn't perceived as a single region, but it is consider in...
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Jesuit architecture in South America
Vopálková, Martina ; Binková, Simona (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
This diploma thesis called The Jesuit Arquitecture in South America focused on Andean area is treating the jesuit arquitecture in South America and it is focused on the arquitecture in towns in The Andean Area, now the states of Beru, Bolivia, Ecuador and Colombia. My final work has an intention to provide a summary of this fascinating part of the colonial history of art of Latin America. I tried to deal with the part of the jesuit history from the arrival of members of the Society of Jesus in the end ot the XVI. century to their expulsion in the year 1767. The content of this thesis is to present the jesuit arquitecture and to present their caracteristics and diferences from the european baroque arquitecture. I wanted to speak about the forms and technologies of the jesuit works and to compare them, to compare the jesuit buildings, which I am dealing with, between them and they are comparated with the itailan jesuit church called Il Gesù. At the end, I included the actual situation of the jesuit building in The Andean Area.
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Post-Liberal regional dynamic of South America: A Inductive vs. deductive approaches
Boháček, Petr ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
Since the fall of the Berlin Wall, regionalism as an approach for studying International Relations has been gaining a momentum and popularity, yet, it has been mostly dominated by Eurocentric and deductive postulations, unable to successfully answer many regional issues. The focus of this thesis is to examine the validity of the major regionalist theories in the context of South America, a region that offers an ideal environment for a study of post-liberal regionalism. The thesis attempts to answer what are the main shortcomings of the contemporary regionalist debate. The main hypothesis is that while the contemporary debate of regionalism is dominated by the deductive approach, this can only direct us to some general variables and factors, but it is the inductive approach that leads us to correct assumption by expulsing extra-regional influences while building the hypothesis up. The hypothesis is tested on the South American regional dynamics through four thematic clusters based on the major assumptions of the regional theories that test their validity. The analyzed trajectories of the South American regional dynamic prove that the deductive approach is valuable in directing the research the right way in some general patterns, but it fails to make correct postulations about the type of the regional...
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