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Economic impact of protectionist measures
Wang, Jinliang ; Jakubík, Petr (advisor) ; Dědek, Oldřich (referee)
Protectionism has become a hot topic in these years. Based on the data of China-U.S. trade war, this thesis explores the economic impact of protectionism on United States. The effect of U.S. protectionist measures on imports value, welfare change and employment has been estimated and the result shows although trade protection could bring benefits to the U.S. in the short term, it will cause substantial welfare losses to U.S. residents. JEL Classification F1 Keywords protectionism, imports, welfare, employment Author's e-mail 98771754@fsv.cuni.cz Supervisor's e-mail petrjakubik@seznam.cz
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Foreign trade relations between the Czech Republic and Spain
KNOZ, Oldřich
The principal topic of this bachelor's thesis is an issue of foreign trade relationship between the Czech Republic and Spain. The main target of thesis is evaluate a development of foreign trade between the Czech Republic and Spain and define main factors that affect this trade relationship. The theoretical part of the thesis inquires into theory of international trade, defining of basic terms and organisations and treaties which is being related to international trade on the basis of literary research. The practical part of the thesis is engaged in factors of the Czech foreign trade, Spanish foreign trade, mutual foreign trade and factors which is affecting mutual foreign trade. In the conclusion all facts about development of bilateral foreign trade between the Czech republic and Spain are summarized. The thesis also including summary in English and Spanish language.
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Regulation of International Trade: The Struggle of Multilateralism in the Era of Regionalism
Coňk, Daniel ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Benáček, Vladimír (referee)
Daniel Conk 5 January 2012 Thesis Abstract This thesis is an empirical research on the impact that preferential trade agreements have on the welfare of individuals and nation-states. As the number of preferential trade agreements has been growing steadily, the on-going clash between regionalism and multilateralism will be a key topic throughout the research. Fair trade movements have been becoming more popular over the fast few years as some organizations have strived to raise consumers awareness regarding the great disparities among the profit margins of the producers or farmers in developing countries in comparison to those of the merchants and distributors in developed countries. Even though quantitative data will be used in order to portray the growing economic inequalities present in today s world, arguments will also be supported on grounds of ethics and morals relating to social justice.
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Anti-crisis measures of the Czechoslovak government in agriculture in the 30s of the 20th century
Hans, Martin ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ivan (referee)
This work is mainly focused especially on impacts of the Great Depression in the 30s of the 20th century on agriculture and analyses of anti-crisis measures by the Czechoslovak government, which was aimed to mitigate them. The first part deals with the basic characteristic of protectionism and some of its principal manifestations of economic policy in Czechoslovakia until the outbreak of Great Depression in agriculture in 1928 and also provides a brief description of the basic development trends in agriculture during this period. The second part focuses on basic manifestations of the Great Depression in agriculture. The third part describes and analyses the most important anti-crisis measures of the government in agriculture with emphasis on their impact on profitability and price indexes. The main hypothesis of this work that the agricultural crisis measures were effective and the problems in agriculture has managed to resolve until the end of the so-called First republics was refuted on the basis of an analysis of available statistical data and study of professional sources.
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The impact on the european automotive industry by the free trade agreement between the European Union and Japan
Knittelová, Tereza ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Pekárek, Štěpán (referee)
The European Union is negotiating a free trade agreement with Japan since 2013. The subject of this diploma theses is to analyze how this agreement can influence either automotive industry. In order to understand the agreements possible influence, classical, neoclassical, contemporary and alternative theories of international trade and international trade policies are being examined. It is then analyzed what the agreement aims to accomplish in context of the Japanese macroeconomic, the history of trade relations and development, the current trade situation, production and demand on both markets. Finally, the agreement is compared to an existing agreement with Republic of Korea which is in a similar scenario. The result is that an increase of luxury cars being imported by each side is the most likely outcome.
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Strategic Trade Policy in Defence and Security Industry
Neumannová, Pavla ; Žamberský, Pavel (advisor) ; Jiránková, Martina (referee)
The master thesis is devoted to a nontraditional, however, in the todays world to a very current topic, arms industry and its support. The thesis connects the theoretical concept of the strategic trade policy (defined by P. Krugman or J. Brander) to its practical interpretation and application in the defence and security industry. The first chapter explains the strategic trade policy using the Brander Spencer analysis. The topic of the second chapter is strategic industries and this chapter answers the question whether the defence and security industry is a strategic industry or not. The third chapter analyses the possibilities of the support of DSI and compares approaches of different EU member states. The last chapter is devoted to the solution of this problem. The main contribution of this thesis is a new interpretation of the strategic trade policy, analysis of the importance of the defence and security industry and its support and suggestion of practical measures for Czech companies and for the Czech Ministry of Defence.
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Does development aid harm?
Hanáková, Eva ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Procházka, Pavel (referee)
A model of development aid, which has been known for more than 50 years is clearly ineffective in Sub-Saharan Africa. This is because such assistance demonstrably negatively affects local governments and strongly contributes to the proliferation of corruption and deterioration of the elements od democracy. The theory of the vicious circle of poverty as one of the main arguments of the proponents of this aid is refuted in the thesis and replaced by the theory of the vicious circle of political instability, which is associated with that governments and their policies. It is necessary tu support a citizens' initiative, which will seek the establishment of democratic institutions, not governments, which are responsible for poverty of their country. Development aid is not the only thing that harms poor countries. Less visible, but with a strong negative effect there are protectionist measures in the form of non-tariff barriers, the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU and its export subsidies, or debt relief of bad governemtns. The failure of these policies are so fundamental that the best advice would probably be to end the government subsidies for poor countries and a focus on small development projects helping specific people, instead of grand plans and aid volumes sounding into space.
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Protecionism of Latin American Countries in the Time of an Economic Crisis
Kurečková, Anna ; Hnát, Pavel (advisor) ; De Castro, Tereza (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the change in response of Latin American governments to the economic crisis and thus the change in the character of protectionist measures applied. How do the means of the protection of domestic market change? How does the financial globalization reflect in the Latin American protectionism? What are the further perspectives of the development of Latin American countries? The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter examines the forms of protectionism in the reaction to economic crisis of the 20th century. Firstly, it presents Latin America as a traditionally protectionist region in the period of the import substitution industrialization, secondly it focuses on governments' reactions to the cyclic crises of the 80s and 90s that were caused by the liberalization of the capital accounts and high sensitivity of Latin American economies to the sudden stop on financial markets. The second chapter is devoted to the current global economic crisis. It analyses the means of trade and financial protectionism. Simultaneously, it compares the protectionist measures used to the ones employed in previous periods. The final part of the thesis explores further perspectives of Latin American regionalism and improved macroeconomic stability of Latin American economies.
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Rights related to the real estate property acquisitions in international comparison
Mazáček, David ; Boháček, Martin (advisor) ; Šimečková, Táňa (referee)
Diploma thesis concerns about legal regulations of real estate by new civil codex with reflection to the previous and international legal regulation.The aim of the thesis is to assess the functionality of new civil code and its benefits in the real estate investment transactions in Czech Republic. This analysis is supported with overview of transfrontier real estate acquisitions made by foreign investors in Czech Republic and additionally also real estate investments of Czech investors abroad. This thesis therefore tries to provide answers to multiple questions ranging from analysis of new civil codex regulation, its impacts, risks and functionality then secondly its similarities in comparison to foreign law regulation (of Germany, Austria, Great Britain, Italy and France). From the perspective of transfrontier real estate acquisitions this thesis concerns about law acknowledgement for foreigner parties in real estate transactions in Czech Republic and counterbalance of the similar rights on the side of Czech residents in reciprocal acquisition process. The analysis is supported by the debate of accuracy of either liberal or protectionist attitude to foreign real estate investors' regulation with a reflection to current international political, sociological and economical course of events.
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The Legacy of Frédéric Bastiat
Chudoba, Matěj ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Pavlík, Ján (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with economic thought of Frédéric Bastiat; his complete work and fundamental ideas are introduced to readers. The biggest attention is paid to the "broken-window fallacy", e.g. preferring just immediate effects caused by a state intervention, and neglecting those long-term ones. The thesis presents a couple of examples of the impossibility to create even a single job vacancy by a state redistribution; the state only re-directs jobs from a private sector to the public one. The thesis follows up Bastiat's critic of protectionism and also demonstrates how a free international trade is veiled with a number of economic myths. Nor Bastiat's contribution in the domain of a spontaneous order and its difference from an artificially created socialist system is omitted. The aim of this work is not only to sum up his economic thinking but also to prove that his non-orthodox thoughts can be considered to be of a benefit for modern economics.
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