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Moral obligation as sociological fact and theoretical problem: a debate between Bergson and Kant
Palmea, King Reinier ; Ottmann, François (advisor) ; Serban, Claudia (referee)
This work aims to explicate the difference between Bergson and Kant's concept of obligation in light of Bergson's critique of Kant in his book Les Deux Sources de la Morale et Religion (The Two Sources of Morality and Religion). From what perspective does this critique and reading of Kant originate? I argue that it lies in their different approaches to morality. On one hand, Bergson views moral obligation as a sociological and anthropological fact. He applies an existential approach in his moral theory because the anthropological fact he engages with, namely the phenomenon of barbarism during the First World War, provides the framework for his typology of closed and open morality, and his critique of deontology. On the other hand, Kant considers morality as a theoretical problem; morality is a conceptual engagement-an investigation of the concepts that morality presupposes. Their divergent approaches underpin (1) the difference in their conception of freedom in relation to morality and (2) their conception of mysticism as a possible ground for morality. Keywords: obligation, reason, pressure, aspiration, morality, freedom, autonomy, moral creativity, mysticism
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Combining moral, character and social education with multicultural education in a realization of a project focusing on Romany people
Kubátová, Markéta ; Mojžíšová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Nováková, Daniela (referee)
This thesis deals with the problems concerning cross-curricular subjects, in particular focusing on Multicultural Education and Moral, Character and Social Education, their defining in the Framework Education Programme for Elementary Education. Furthermore, it outlines the possibility of their interconnection in a concrete project with the topic of Romany. This thesis is based on the conviction of the importance of the transcultural approach to the Multicultural education in practise. It also deals with the character of a teacher mainly in the relation to the above mentioned cross-curricular subjects. The main objective of this thesis is the actual realisation of the project in two selected schools. The project has already been put forward in my bachelor thesis. I committed myself there to the realisation of the project in practise and for that purpose the project itself had to be adjusted, namely shortened due to its time demandingness. The actual evaluation of the project is also a part of the practical section of this thesis.
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Image of women in the 19th and 20th centuries of the example of selected prose
Novotná, Markéta ; Weinberg, Manfred (advisor) ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee)
This thesis deals with the social status of women and their role during the late 19th century to the seventies of the 20th century. In the first part, there is sketched out the development of women's image inclusive the Women's Movement in historical and social context. This description is followed by an analysis of female characters and roles on the basis of selected prose works Effi Briest of Theodor Fontane, The Murder of Captain Hanik of Hermann Ungar and Group Portrait with Lady of Heinrich Böll. Keywords women, 19th century, 20th century, women's emancipation, Women's Movement, women's rights, social roles, social history, gender inequality
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Value of freedom in leading young athletes
Impiö, Jusa Valtteri ; Parry Martínková, Irena (advisor) ; Slepičková, Irena (referee)
Topic: Value of freedom in leading young athletes. The aim of this study is discussing in what way the value of freedom is realized in young athlete's environment. Methods: Knowledge is achieved through philosophical reasoning and arguments. Conclusion: The freedom of young athlete can be enhanced or restricted unintentionally or intentionally by various parties in everyday sport environment. Realizing the value of freedom can have central role in young athlete's opportunity to achieve more meaningful ends in life and meaningful sport experience. Keywords: freedom, moral, sport environment, young athlete
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Dealing with the evil in the family
BEČVÁŘOVÁ, Pavla
This bachelor's thesis describes the process of family member evaluation with moral evil of another family member. The theoretical part defines the concept of family and specifies the family activities and influences on a child including pathological family phenomena. Besides, the moral philosophy evaluates the terms of moral good and bad. The Ten Commandments with extracts of moral evil are used as the moral codex not only for believers in God. The concluding of theoretical part surveys of blame phenomenon and possible human response to the blame of another person. Great attention is paid to forgiveness. The experimental research by means of qualitative methodology is defined by the practical part that is compiled of three profound talks with persons who are in a way affected by moral evil of a family member. Above all there are studies of a family member attitude to another one who committed some moral evil and then the process of facing the other's blame. The data analysis is carried out by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.
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Education to moral values in the Czech Republic and the USA (California)
Kabele, Josef ; Váňová, Miroslava (advisor) ; Blažková, Miloslava (referee)
anglicky The theses is concerned with the development of moral values of selected thinkers and their followers with the focus on their conception of education to moral values. The author follows the development of moral values from the times of antiquity and its concept of justice, which is exposed in laws of that period. One of the most influent text that has its impact until now is biblical "Ten Commandments". In the next part of the theses author focuses on the development of moral values with thinkers like Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, J. A. Comenius or C. S. Lewis, who had many thoughts and ideas in common. In a different position to moral values stand other important thinkers like J. Dewey, F. Nietzsche or M. Foucault. The next part of the theses refers to contemporary situation in the ethical education in the Czech Republic and the USA (California). Research part of the theses explores the value orientation of the students from the Czech Republic and their peers from the USA (California) with consideration to other factors that can affect the value orientation of the students. The main tool of research is value questionnaire. The research is concerned with the field of traditional values that are passed on from the antient times up to the present day. Furthermore, it is concerned with the...
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Regulation of Prostitution: Ethical and Legislative Context of Regulation of Prostitution Aimed at Legalizing and Illustrated by the Example of Contemporary Czech Republic
Telínová, Gabriela ; Halama, Jindřich (advisor) ; Bartoň, Daniel (referee)
The thesis deals with the prostitution and its casual links to both moral and legislation matters. In this context, it focuses on recent efforts to legalize prostitution in the Czech Republic. The thesis starts with a brief treatise concerning an image of the prostitution as a phenomena, including a few possible reasons for getting involved in it. Thereafter, the thesis addresses a human sexuality and standards, which, through their application in practice, have an influence on our perception of this phenomena. This is also linked to the way we are proceeding to regulate prostitution, and why. The following chapter shows linkages to prostitution-related criminality, in which the majority of standards are broken. The point of this chapter lies in the fact that there is a real necessity for action, longed for by society, in order to regulate this field and to ensure both legal- and practice-wise protection to all threatened categories of people. This thesis also includes a chapter on current legal regulation of prostitution and its legalization in the Czech Republic. It covers various matters, e.g. how to take preventive measures against the crime in question; how to protect prostitutes, their clients or even a society; and how to comply with all these three parties' wishes in the most favourable...
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Image of women in the 19th and 20th centuries of the example of selected prose
Novotná, Markéta ; Weinberg, Manfred (advisor) ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee)
This thesis deals with the social status of women and their role during the late 19th century to the seventies of the 20th century. In the first part, there is sketched out the development of women's image inclusive the Women's Movement in historical and social context. This description is followed by an analysis of female characters and roles on the basis of selected prose works Effi Briest of Theodor Fontane, The Murder of Captain Hanik of Hermann Ungar and Group Portrait with Lady of Heinrich Böll. Keywords women, 19th century, 20th century, women's emancipation, Women's Movement, women's rights, social roles, social history, gender inequality
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