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DECISIONS
Vrba, Martin ; Magid, Václav (referee) ; Sterec, Pavel (advisor)
Presented work tries to reflect the structure of human world, which is able to create an overman as an artificial intelligence through its self-destructive tendency. It investigates the possibilities of our imagination and if we are able to think about artificial intelligence as a sui generis continuation of human species. Hand in hand it tries to create a tension between particular ethico-political decisions and subsequent binding structure, which they implies.
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The Esthetics of the Scream in Albert Camus Opus
Černá, Kristýna ; Ébert-Zeminová, Catherine (advisor) ; Fučíková, Milena (referee)
The main topic of this diploma thesis resides in the comparison of the expressionist painting and the existential literature in connection with the motif of screaming. Despite the temporal and geographical distance of the two artistic movements (we are focused more profoundly in the German and Austrian expressionist painting, while the main literary work of this thesis, the existential novel The Fall comes from the great mind of a French writer, Albert Camus), the research aspires to prove the interconnection of the two movements and their common tendencies, based on the analyses of chosen themes, motifs, technics, and structure. We propose the motif of screaming as the main part of the comparison, as it constitutes an essential axis of the occidental art, as well as the crucial contact point between Expressionism and Existentialism. In spite of the bountifulness of the various interpretations this motif offers, we have chosen only selected ideas and concepts. As far as the formal structure is concerned, the work is divided into three chapters, where the first two are focused on the origins, a brief characterization of the main point of the two esthetics. Furthermore, they describe their related counterparts of the visual arts and literature (the Expressionist literature and Existential painting...
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Mirroring of Motifs of F. Nietzsche's Critique of Christianity in D. Bonhoeffer's Prison Theology
Pavlík, Martin ; Vogel, Jiří (advisor) ; Kučera, Zdeněk (referee)
The thesis "Mirroring of Motives of F. Nietzsche's Critique of Christianity in D. Bonhoeffer's Prison Theology" contemplates Bonhoeffer's thoughts on non-religious interpretation, that Bonhoeffer expands upon in his letters from prison, in the light of critique of Christianity that was expressed by Friedrich Nietzsche. Chapter I looks into the history of interpretation of Bonhoeffer's research and provides a brief overview of past and contemporary efforts to explain Bonhoeffer's approach to philosophy. Chapter II introduces basic principles and key topics of the critique of Christianity first in Nietzsche's work The Antichrist, followed by Bonhoeffer's Letters and Papers from Prison. Chapter III compares the most obvious motives in the thinking of Nietzsche and Bonhoeffer within the aforementioned scope. Selected themes in works of these two German thinkers overlap particularly in their philosophy of life, understanding of a man come of age, and their critiques of Christianity that is deflecting from this world towards the transcendent sphere of the world beyond (in German, it is expressed as a difference in the meaning of "Diesseits" and "Jenseits"). Bonhoeffer's thoughts on the preaching of Gospel to the man come of age who is free of false, religious misbeliefs, and who feels strong, capable,...
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F. Nietzches and A. Schopenhauers Philosophy of Music
ŽIŽKOVÁ, Lenka
The thesis deals with the problem phenomenon of music in the philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer and Friedrich Nietzsche. What place does the music occupy in their philosophy, how they understood it and defined it? These are the main issues that are gradually discussed and answered. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part of the thesis deals with Schopenhauer's concept of music, the second part is about Nietzsche's concept, and the third part is an assessment of the differences of their opinions of the issue of will as music. There is also a practical part in the thesis, namely the analysis of Nietzsche's early musical composition. I also refer to the personality of the composer Richard Wagner, who was influenced by both philosophers and vice versa. At the end of the thesis I evaluate and summarize whether the aim of the thesis was fulfilled and if it answered the aforesaid questions.
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Picture of man in philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche
ROŠINCOVÁ, Eva
Nietzsche´s work criticizes the existing method of philosophizing which diverts man from his major problems. First of all it is neccessary to deal with human life and to understand what determines life and what defines world. Human life is dominated by the will to power. However it depends, wheather man recognizes the will and wheather he follows this awarness. So far, man has been controlled by emotions which are often considered to be the truth. The will to power predetermines the human evolution to the higher level - the Superman ( Der Übermensch). The Superman is able to implement the will, to become a completely free beeing, controlling everything within his reach - even humanity. The Superman is driven by his own benefits, creating a new morality in which it applies that good is what is useful for life of a Superman. Existing humanity seeks in its weakness support in the faith in God. Only Superman is able to avoid this domination, because for him God is dead. life is what constantly arises and expires in its particular actions. The way of the world is determinatd by the eternal return, which is accepted by a Superman.
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The Role of Myth in Mark Rothko's and Barnett Newman's art
Havelková, Tereza ; Lahoda, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Rakušanová, Marie (referee)
In my bachelor thesis I will focus on two important protagonists of American modern art, Mark Rothko and Barnett Newman, within the context of their historical situation. I will examine how their art and their thoughts, as reflected in occasional writings and statements, relate to period of World War II and how they coincide with other artists, poets and thinkers of their time. In early 1940s they often talked about myth and mythology became one of the main elements of their art. I will try to elucidate this interest and explain the position of myth in modern society. For this purpose I chose to base my research on theoretical work of René Girard and Eric Voegelin. My work is divided in three sections. In a beginning I will describe Girard's theory of myth and compare it with other opinions on this subject, I will also explain the relation between myths and ideologies of the 20th century. In second part I will outline the situation of those artists, significance of their Jewish origin and their position on American art scene. Two following chapters will be dedicated to analysis of Rothko's and Newman's art and opinions separately and the formal and emotional issues of their art will be discussed at the end. I believe that closer examination of the ideas that underlie their work will lead to fuller...
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The Literary Reception of Max Picard's Works
Svárovská, Nicol ; Činátlová, Blanka (advisor) ; Vojvodík, Josef (referee)
The thesis treats the subject of how the work of Max Picard, Rainer Maria Rilke and Jan Zahradníček relate. Its unifying element is the motif of salvation, its negative and positive aspect. Picard, Rilke, and Zahradníček perceive the world overfilled with technology and become witnesses of dehumanisation of humans and the related destruction of speech. Their work mirrors this decomposition, but it alongside offers a positive counter movement, an alternative to the age of dominion of technology. A comparative analysis of the specific understanding of the two aspects of salvation also casts light on the reception of Max Picard in their work. The first part deals with the analysis of Heidegger's essence (Wesen) of modern technology (Gestell) and the possibility of alternative revealing (poiésis). It renders the transformation of a human beings and their relationship to things, a transformation diagnosed by Picard, Rilke, and Zahradníček in their work. It thus proposes a context for the observed motif of salvation. The introduction of the first part accounts for a treatise on the loss of a thing which is linked to the penetration of technology and on salvation consisting in paying heed to the inconspicuous state of affairs. The second part opens with the reception of Picard's book Hilter in Our Selves...
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Fate women in fiction of Ladislav Klíma. Gender archetypes in writings Sufferings of Prince Sternenhoch and Glorious Nemesis
Veselá, Blanka ; Knotková - Čapková, Blanka (advisor) ; Kalivodová, Eva (referee)
This thesis is a literary analysis that discusses gender archetypes within two extensive literary works of Ladislav Klíma which he adapted into final pieces: Sufferings of Prince Sternenhoch and Glorious Nemesis. The methodological and theoretical part of the work examines the question of literary canon, defends feminist criticism as a legitimate approach to text analysis, looks back at the relatively short history of the use of gender as an analytical category, and represents a method of resistant reading. It also reflects the inspirational source of Klíma's authorship, the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche with an emphasis on gender aspects. Using classical feminist texts, works of literary theory, and the works that are central (not exclusively to feminist) analysis of (not only literary) archetypes identifies (mostly) female literary characters with some of the traditional (but also less common) archetypes - mother, witch, goddess of justice and fate, collaborator, and others. Except for archetypes, the thesis also discusses other gender (literary) aspects, for example the issue of stereotypical display of femininity and masculinity, the conceptualization of women as a capital, and women's connection with nature or female sexuality which is still often analyzed on the basis of the...
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