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The Piarist Order in Bohemia and their Educational Methods
Janušová, Martina ; Hrdlička, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ventura, Václav (referee)
The Piarist Order was established in Rome by St. Joseph Calasanz. Early after establishing, the order was invited to Czech lands. First, they were introduced to Mikulov (1631) and more colleges were established in Moravia. First college established in Bohemia was in Litomyšl. Piarists were not introduced to Prague until 1752 with contribution from a historian Gelasius Dobner. J. Calasanz dedicated his life to help his neighbours, primarily poor children. For these children, he established primary schools where trivium (reading, writing, counting) was taught. Upbringing and education were the most important to J. Calasanz which is why he wrote several publications on how to conduct schools. Over the course of time, Piarists opened gymnasiums and higher-education schools. The concept of gymnasiums was inspired by Ratio studiorum, a document published by the Jesuits.
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Borders and their delineating in medieval Central Europe
Marková, Markéta ; Bláhová, Marie (advisor) ; Žemlička, Josef (referee) ; Lukačka, Ján (referee)
This doctoral thesis deals with the border as a geographical phenomenon in medieval Central Europe. It seeks to answer questions about what is a border, why and how it was created and how its understanding has developed. It deals with ways of delineating an area, boundary signs and rituals. It also explores the course and the concept of borders especially in Central Europe in the Middle Ages but also takes into account the situation of the both earlier and younger periods. It pays attention to the land border of Bohemia and Moravia but also to the borders within the Czech Lands in comparison with similar examples from Central Europe. The work is based on an evaluation of written and material sources concerning the border and combines methods and practices of multiple disciplines: it is based on the results of studies in archaeology, legal history, settlement history, historical geography, general history and auxiliary historical sciences.
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The Reception of Irish Literature and Drama in Czech Translation
Laurincová, Alžběta ; Pilný, Ondřej (advisor) ; Markus, Radvan (referee)
1 Abstract The main aim of the thesis is to introduce the problematics of Czech translations from Irish literature published in the Czech Lands in the period between 1945 - 2014. The author of the thesis provides the list of the authors that were translated in the Czech Lands in that period, and comments upon the literary tradition related to it. Due to the extensive amount of works, the thesis is divided into several chapters, introducing four specific periods: 1945 - 1948 (the end of WWII - the beginning of the Soviet control), 1949 - 1968 (Soviet control - the occupation of the Troops of Warsaw Pact), 1969 - 1989 (the occupation - Velvet Revolution) and 1989 - 2014 (Velvet Revolution - "Velvet Divorce" - the present day). In each chapter the historic introduction is provided mainly to foreshadow the context of the whole era. The discussion about the translations from Irish literature consists from general list of works by individual authors and comments upon their presence at the Czech literary market, the frequency of publishing, the reception of individual authors etc. The author also considers the socio-political occurences that might have influenced the final shape of the Irish-Czech literary canon, and, when possible, tries to demonstrate the extent of such influence.
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Electrification of Czechoslovakia until 1938
Mikeš, Jan ; Efmertová, Marcela (advisor) ; Zářický, Aleš (referee) ; Jakubec, Ivan (referee)
Electrification (or now rare and obsolete electrization), carried out in Czechoslovakia primarily in the interwar years (1918-1939) has gone down in history as a symbol of the construction of a modern independent Czechoslovak state and its democratic society, encapsulating its overall, predominantly building, ethos. Electrification was based on the expertise, invention and high educational standards of the country's electrical engineering elite that approached this particular task as a fully formed group (especially in the period starting from the last third of the 19th century) and as a particularly excellently organized one in terms of its professional unions, specialist scientific knowledge and potential use of its expertise in industrial plants and production centres for electrification. Its key platform was the Czechoslovak Electrical Engineering Union (Elektrotechnický svaz československý, Czech acronym ESČ, 1919), an association closely cooperating with the state authorities, primarily the Ministry of Public Industry and its State Power Council, with an agency that represented the country's vital standardization base and which soon grew to be the powerful Czechoslovak Standardization Society (Československá normalizační společnost, known under the Czech acronym ČSN, 1920); the ESČ also...
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Czech National Revival: The Phenomenon of the Society in the 19th/21th century
Dorotíková, Lucie ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Beneš, Zdeněk (referee)
Czech National Revival: The Phenomenon of the Society in the 19th/21th century. The goal of the thesis is to map crucial events from the perspective of historical-cultural context, which provoked the beginnings of the Czech National Revival in the Habsburg monarchy during the years 1750-1848. The thesis will focus on the logical result of economic, social and cultural changes in the enlightened Europe, the specific features and conditions of the national revival in Czech lands and the impact of the Habsburg monarchy. Keywords Czech National Revival, Czech lands, 19th/21th century, age of enlightenment, national identity
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Japonisms in the czech architecture at the beginning of the 20th century - group around Joe Hloucha
Chýlová, Lenka ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Šmied, Miroslav (referee)
In my thesis, I will be focusing on the impact and influence of Japanese culture on the Czech lands, particularly demonstrating this on the architecture of the beginning of the twentieth century. I will point out the importance of breaking of the eternal Japan's isolation from the outside world and its subsequent opening to the western culture. I will demonstrate this fact on a presentation containing extracts from the EXPO exhibitions and on the current of Japanese artistic objects and their influence on the artists as well as on the general public. I will be focusing on the personality of the writer, collector, a well-known japanophile and a promulgator of the land of Nippon, Joe Hloucha, who brought this culture to the public not only through his novels but through buildings and constructions built in the first half of the twentieth century as well. As a conclusion of my thesis, I will try to make a summary of Hloucha's view of Japan and its culture. Keywords architecture, japonisms, Japan, Czech lands, Joe Hloucha
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A Comparison of the Processes of Creating National Identities in Finland and the Czech Lands in the 19th Century
Masař, Tomáš ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Beneš, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kiliánová, Gabriela (referee)
The dissertation thesis deals with mutual reflection and perception of national movements in Finland and Czech lands during the years 1789-1914. On the background of newly shaped Finnish or Czech nations, it compares, in which way the perception of Finns respectively Czechs changed and evolved from the point of view of other nation that was in analogical situation in its national emancipation. The major role was played by mutual contacts between prominent figures of both national revivals, who delivered their perception and experience to broader audience not only via articles in newspaper, but also in magazines, popular as well as scientific, and also books. This thesis is based on assumption, that the leading persons of both nations were aware of mutual similarities as well as differences between both national movements, at the same time it also sets up a hypothesis, that knowledge of the other national movement, its advantages and disadvantages could be used in a progress of own nation. The first chapter outlines bilateral contacts between Czech and Finnish ethnics from the High Middle Ages until the birth of the national revival movements. Following chapter is describing the first mutual relations between the first generations of Czech and Finnish revivalists at the end of the 18th century,...
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The Pious Gifts in the Czech Middle Ages
Vašek, Zdeněk ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor) ; Charvátová, Kateřina (referee) ; Doležalová, Eva (referee)
This thesis focuses on the gifts of Czech and Moravian nobility to the church during the High Middle Ages. The pious gifts (Donations) are fundamental for the understanding of medieval devotion and for some aspects of medieval society. In the Middle Ages, the last wills and testaments expressed people's wishes, attitudes and intentions with respect both to these worldly and other matters. They express attitudes to other family members, to property, to life and death, to community and social groups, to the Church, to Saints and to God. The pious donations, support for the poor and the burial near Saints open up the gates to Heaven. But the pious donations are not only a part of one's care for the soul and redemption in the Middle Ages. The donations have complicated background. These gifts expressed religious, economic, political and representative intentions of the donors. The Pious gifts are a good tool for research of this part of society. The main aim of thesis is to describe the pious gifts given by the Czech and Moravian nobility from 1200 till mid-14th century. The Thesis based on the analysis of individual donations describes the spectrum of motivation for these gifts and also to describe the function which gifts had in society. Analysis allowed periodizes donation activity of the nobility. With the...
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Red Wood. "Tramp" Journal 1929-1931.
Smlsal, Jiří ; Janeček, Petr (advisor) ; Šima, Karel (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with one of the first mass subcultures in the Czech space - "tramping" movement. It focuses on its leftist fraction and their journal Tramp between years 1929 - 1931, when the movement faced both inner split and increasing state repression. Bachelor thesis is based on discoursive analyses of this journal. By the means of analyses of their basic concepts, bachelor thesis aims to scrutiny the world of meaning and self - identification of tramps as well as the reasons of their radicalization. Keywords: Czech tramping; Czech tramp; Tramp journal; subcultures; First Czechoslovak Republic; Czech Lands; Czechoslovakia
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Joseph Georg Meinert and His Work in the Context of the German Cultural Life in the Czech Lands at the End of the 18th and in the First Half of the 19th Century.
Čížková, Martina ; Vodrážková, Lenka (advisor) ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee)
The presented thesis contextualizes Joseph Georg Meinert's life and his writings in German spiritual life in the Czech lands at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century. It aims to analyze the subject matter of the whole spectrum of his works. His writings attest to the life of this German-speaking teacher, tutor and professor as well as scholar. Equally, they show the cultural and historical development at the time when the patriotism in the Habsburg monarchy begun to evolve. In the thesis Mainert's texts are divided into groups according to their genres and recurring themes and motives. Next, the texts are analyzed by comparison with the information occurring in the secondary literature and the preserved fragments of Meinert's diaries. The results of the analysis confirm that Meinert's creations authentically documented the historical, political and cultural circumstances of that time. The creations influenced not only the patriotically thinking fellows and writers in the Austrian, Czech and German lands, but as an editor he also had influence on the less educated readers of his journals. Meinert's writings were mostly received positively. His poetic work related to the negatively perceived historical events can be seen as an exception. Above that, the analysis showed that...
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