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The Theme of Manipulation in George Orwell´s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Joseph Heller´s Catch-22
RAUSCHER, Tomáš
The goal of this diploma thesis is to analyse the motif of manipulation in the most renowned dystopian work of the 20th century, that is in the novel Nineteen Eighty-Four by the British author George Orwell and in the anti-war satirical novel Catch-22 by America's Joseph Heller. The thesis opens with a chapter dealing with the theoretical matters of the work. This part briefly discusses the concepts related to the analysed novels. The next part of the thesis introduces the authors of the novels in question, their life journeys and development leading to the creation of their most famous novels. The final two chapters contain the analyses of the works with Orwell's novel coming in first place, followed by Catch-22. In conclusion, the author compares manipulation in both works. While analysing manipulation in the said works, the author focuses not solely on its societal impact, but also on the ways in which manipulation influences individuals in the universes created by Orwell and Heller.
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Literary shape of conception of existence in production of F. M. Dostojevsky and A. Camus
Žabová, Iveta ; Blažková, Miloslava (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee)
In its complexity, human existence cannot be systematised and generalised into a compact concept. Existentialists are those who devoted themselves to Human individuality and phenomena fundamentally related, such as life, death, freedom, absurdity etc. However, considering the specifics of the philosophy of existentialism, it is not possible to only consider philosophers as the only bearers of this intellectual approach, but it is necessary to include certain individuals of world literature in this movement. The concept of human existence has transformed itself in various ways in their philosophy and works. Once it was dominated by the existence of God, to whom it was necessary to set one's mind on, at other times it was thrown into the bleakness and futility of a world without hope. However, the central topic was the same in each of them, the subject that is closest to us people, however, the subject that will always be the great unknown, regardless of the genial thoughts of Sören Kierkegaard, Martin Heidegger, Fjodor Michajlovič Dostojevsky and Albert Camus - the topic of mankind and its place in the world.
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Machine without a cause
Pánková, Soňa ; Bláha, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Sedlák, Michal (referee)
The work focuses on the machines in the art of receiving an entirely new dimension. The work deals with machines in the socio-cultural, technological and artistic context in particular. The theoretical part is focused on Dadaism, his heirs and other international and Czech artists who devote a similar theme. She concentrates on paintings, sculptures and objects in which the machine or the machine elements depicted often absurd or other totally unique way and diverge primary importance machine. The work deals with artists such as Francis Picabia and Jean Tinguely and their work in detail the work emphasis on the confrontation of works of art and their development path. Didactic part deals with an identical theme. It focuses on the application possibilities of the topic and its use in the concept art education. It provides a total of four art series designed primarily for lower secondary schools (ISCED 2), the themes of the machine without cause. The artwork contains a set of photographs "Traces machines" that affect their own contributions on the basis of real inspiration, which is the subject of the work.
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Ethical values in the works of Ladislav Fuks
Čápová, Markéta ; Blažková, Miloslava (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
anglicky This thesis on topic Ethical values in works of Ladislav Fuks is divided into two parts. First part reveals important life milestones, which affects his philosophical mindedness reflected in his work, as well as his view of the literature and its values for a human. Second part of this thesis is focused on ethical values, which in Fuks works (Pan Theodor Munstdock, Spalovač mrtvol and Myši Natálie Mooshabrové) are the most occurred. The goal isn't only to show how the ethical values like life and death, truth and lie, good and evil, existence and absurdity affects character's lives in novels, but also their relativity. Key words: Ladislav Fuks, ethical values, life, death, truth, lie, good, evil, existence, absurdity.
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Poetics of selected short stories written by Pere Calders
Kroupová, Alžběta ; Poláková, Dora (advisor) ; Marešová, Jaroslava (referee)
(in English) The bachelor work observes selected short stories taken from the book called Cròniques de la veritat oculta written by Catalan author Pere Calders. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the poetics which is typical for this writer. It investigates topics which are often repeated, symbols and space where the plot takes place. It compares the short stories of Calders with other works of writers within the same literary genre who use similar storytelling methods. The emphasis is put mainly on the comparison with the output of Franz Kafka.
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Flat and formalistic approach in law
Pavlíček, Libor ; Maršálek, Pavel (referee)
Flat and formalistic approach in law Many processes in law take place automatically and through inertial force, without admitting one's free will and without encompassing values important to man (freedom, dignity, justice). The bearers of the process of automation in law are Machines (or Automats), i.e. tools ensuring primary legal certainty. However, in addition to the subpage of legal certainty, law also consists of the subpage of justice and effectiveness, which is not controlled by Automats, because their algorithms do not often reflect this subjective dimension in law. The trend of automation in law undoubtedly contributes to a number of improvements, however, there appear risks as well. Since the human soul cannot be programmed by Automats, it cannot be assumed that their decision-making, i.e. their output, will be fair and effective in all circumstances. However, in traditional approach in law this output is considered equal to a binding legal norm. As an example of Automat in the field of mobility the traffic lights may serve, in the field of state administration there are automatic forms or formulas, in the judiciary Automat is represented by a judge acting as a robot (subsumption automat), and artificial intelligence may be seen as the most sophisticated Automat of all. Automats are tools...
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Hope and Meaning of Human Existence: Comparing the Approach to Human Existence of Gabriel Marcel and Albert Camus
Klimešová, Pavlína ; Drozenová, Wendy (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee)
73 Abstract The first part of my dissertation deals with the philosophy of Gabriel Marcel. It begins with the basic information about the philosopher as well as with his thinking placed within the context of the philosophy's history. Next step is Mr. Marcel's ideas about the feeling of the essence of life which is significant to experience in one man's life in order to set off the journey of englightenment. The feeling of the essence of life is unfortunately being silenced in nowadays people. After that I introduce the philosopher's conception of the imprisonment of a human being. This imprisonment is the cornerstone of his explanation of the metaphysics of hope. At the end of the first part I submit the power and the importance of hope in a human's state of mind which can be so stable that even the death of the beloved doesn't mean the end of hope. As mentioned before, the second part begins with the information about Mr. Albert Camus and I also put his philosophy in the context of the history. The most important step is to introduce his feeling of the futility without which the philosophy of Mr. Camus cannot be understood. The next vital part is his understanding and asking of one man's life relevance and also the philosopher's perception of a suicide. The cost of human life is the focal point of...
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Polish and Czech nonsense literature for children
Czudek, Lucja ; Brožová, Věra (advisor) ; Píšová, Ina (referee)
The diploma thesis describes Polish and Czech nonsense in children's literature. The main goal is to define nonsense literature, its development from a historical and formative point of view, considering contemporary events. The first part of the thesis focuses on the theoretical definition of the term nonsense and its historical aspect, especially on the two key representatives of English nonsense Edward Lear and Lewis Carroll. The next part deals with the development of Polish nonsense in children's literature. Two main authors, Julian Tuwim and Jan Brzechwa, who are considered as the creators of the new poetic school, took part in the formation of nonsense in Poland. Absurd humour and the world of children readers became the main inspirations for their work. This poetics was followed by other representatives of the Polish nonsense, including Ludwik Jerzy Kern, Wanda Chotomska and others. The work also focuses on the development of Czech nonsense for children, its main personalities and major works, which are based on nonsense, absurdity and word play. The diploma describes nonsense work for children of Josef Kainar, Jiří Kolář, Miloš Macourek, Pavel Šrut and other writers of literature. The last part of the thesis deals with specific nonsense literature for children of Polish and Czech authors....
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Doppelgänger in spanish short stories
Kroupová, Alžběta ; Poláková, Dora (advisor) ; Housková, Anna (referee)
(in English) The topic of this master thesis is a character of the double in Spanish short stories focused on 20th century. Firstly, we describe the historical context of this literary theme and we observe its changing through the time, its transition from a tragic tone to absurdity or a comic tone. The aim of this work is to observe Freud's concept of "unheimlich" feeling applied to the topic of the double and to investigate what literary tools can intensify this feeling in the reader. After this, we focus on repeating motives in selected short stories and we contemplate constituent aspects of this topic in the context of humanities.
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Ethical values in the works of Ladislav Fuks
Čápová, Markéta ; Blažková, Miloslava (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
anglicky This thesis on topic Ethical values in works of Ladislav Fuks is divided into two parts. First part reveals important life milestones, which affects his philosophical mindedness reflected in his work, as well as his view of the literature and its values for a human. Second part of this thesis is focused on ethical values, which in Fuks works (Pan Theodor Munstdock, Spalovač mrtvol and Myši Natálie Mooshabrové) are the most occurred. The goal isn't only to show how the ethical values like life and death, truth and lie, good and evil, existence and absurdity affects character's lives in novels, but also their relativity. Key words: Ladislav Fuks, ethical values, life, death, truth, lie, good, evil, existence, absurdity.
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