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Ideal or mirror? Principles and ideas of the May 9 Constitution and the 1960 Constitution and their reflection in criminal and civil law
Blažková, Tereza ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Rákosník, Jakub (referee) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
- Ideal or mirror? Principles and ideas of the May 9 Constitution and the 1960 Constitution and their reflection in criminal and civil law. Presented thesis entitled "Ideal or mirror? The principles and ideas of the Constitution of May 9 and the Constitution of 1960 and their reflection in criminal and civil law" deals with the issue of constitutional development on the territory of Czechoslovakia after 1945. The work has several levels. It examines the role of the constitution in the process of creating other legal regulations and asks questions about the role of the constitution in society in relation to its ideological anchoring. It also focuses on examining the influence of communist ideology in constitutional law, especially in the process of adopting the constitution. The work also affects the role of constitutional values within the codification processes that followed the adoption of the May 9th Constitution and the 1960 Constitution. Criminal law and civil law were chosen as examples of these codification processes. Conceptually, the work is divided into four basic chapters. The first part of the thesis includes the definition of the topic, including the methodology, and also outlines the sources and materials used for the preparation of the dissertation. Due to the definition of the...
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Campaign Finance in the U.S. : McCain-Feingold Reform
Vydra, Pavel ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
The United States has a long history of political campaigns. The Bipartizan Campaign Reform Act of 2002, also known as McCain-Feingold, was the last attempt to regulate the campaign finance. Being enacted in order to cover the loopholes that occurred in the Federal Election Campaign Act, this act banned the "soft money", it modified the rules for the pre- electional broadcasting, and it brought special restrictions for self-financing candidates. These changes succeeded to be enacted by both chambers of Congress, were signed by the President and upheld by the Supreme Court in the McConnell v. FEC landmark decision. However, the impact of the reform didn't quite meet the expectations of its supporters.
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Administrative delict committed by vehicle operator
Šudoma, Ondřej ; Kryska, David (advisor) ; Kopecký, Martin (referee)
Title of the thesis: Administrative Offense of the Vehicle Operator The work deals with one of the specific institutes of administrative punishing in traffic which is the administrative offense of the vehicle operator. In addition to general questions of administrative punishing or to the concept of administrative offenses under the current valid and effective legislation the thesis also includes a description of the development of the institute, its characteristics, legal base and the way it works. The interdependence of the institute with the institute of the call to the payment of the determined amount is clearly shown and graphically indicated. The thesis deals with potential interventions to certain fundamental rights and freedoms and evaluates their adequacy. The aim of the work is a detailed legal analysis of the institute of the administrative offense of the vehicle operator and also pointing out its strengths and weaknesses. The main objective of the thesis is the legal analysis for compliance of the legislation with the constitutional order of the Czech Republic. After the introduction, in which the description of methods and objectives of the thesis are, follows a general section on administrative offenses. Its purpose is to introduce the topic of administrative punishing and pointing...
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Constitutional Development in the PRC before 1982
Svoboda, Václav ; Klimeš, Ondřej (advisor) ; Lomová, Olga (referee)
The present paper treats constitutional development of the People's Republic of China since its establishment (1949) till the end of the Maoist era and the formation of the current constitution (1982). It aims especially at formal aspects of constitutional law. It deals primarily with the content of the Common Program of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and of the 1954, 1975 and 1978 constitutions respectively. The main part focuses on the 1954 constitution, which created foundations of the modern Chinese communist constitutional law and determined its further evolution.
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Minimum Legal Drinking Age in the U.S.: A Reasonable Exception to Age of Majority?
Lokajíčková, Jana ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
The MA thesis "Minimum Legal Drinking Age in the U.S.: A Reasonable Exception to Age of Majority?" examines the U.S. legal limit for consumption of alcohol from the perspective of policies aimed at controlling drunk driving because the minimum drinking age was set to twenty-one - higher than the age of majority - in order to reduce drunk-driving fatalities. The thesis analyzes different aspects of this issue and concludes that the high minimum legal drinking, which constitutes a severe limitation of personal freedom of those aged eighteen to twenty, did not fulfill the expectations with which it was introduced in 1984. The thesis suggests alternatives to the high age limit, and examines how and if they are implemented or what prevents their frequent use. The thesis has four parts: one provides basic facts about drinking, driving, and drunk driving in the U.S. society including the attitudes of the public toward the issue. The following part looks into the legal developments of the drinking age limits and legal challenges to the law arranging the age limit for its supposed unconstitutionality. The third chapter looks at the results of scientific research and suggests ways to deal with drunk driving more efficiently. The last part examines what prevents these more effective measures from being widely...
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Campaign Finance in the U.S. : McCain-Feingold Reform
Vydra, Pavel ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Calda, Miloš (referee)
The United States has a long history of political campaigns. The Bipartizan Campaign Reform Act of 2002, also known as McCain-Feingold, was the last attempt to regulate the campaign finance. Being enacted in order to cover the loopholes that occurred in the Federal Election Campaign Act, this act banned the "soft money", it modified the rules for the pre- electional broadcasting, and it brought special restrictions for self-financing candidates. These changes succeeded to be enacted by both chambers of Congress, were signed by the President and upheld by the Supreme Court in the McConnell v. FEC landmark decision. However, the impact of the reform didn't quite meet the expectations of its supporters.
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