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Fast scintillation materials based on tailored monocrystalline perovskites and garnets
Pokorný, Martin ; Nikl, Martin (advisor) ; Bryknar, Zdeněk (referee) ; Šulc, Miroslav (referee)
1 Title: Fast scintillation materials based on tailored monocrystalline perovskites and garnets Author: Martin Pokorný University: Charles University Faculty: Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Department: Department of Chemical Physics and Optics Supervisor: doc. Ing. Martin Nikl, CSc., Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Prague 6 Abstract: This dissertation thesis is focused on the possibilities of speeding-up the main decay component of selected monocrystalline bulk scintillator via energy transfer toward the acceptor. In the beginning it summarizes the main scintillator characteristics together with their respective measurement methods, as well as several growth methods used for the preparation of the crystals for all the samples characterized further in this thesis. In particular, one chapter is focused on the detailed description of the scintillation decay measurement, because this particular method was much improved during the work on this thesis. The main part is focused on the photoluminescent and scintillation characteristics of codoped YAG:Ce and LuAP:Ce bulk scintillators. For these compositions we theoretically described the energy transfers according to the Förster-Dexter model and calculated its microscopic parameters. Moreover for the (Lu,Gd)AP:Ce...
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"In the way of preface", the introduction of the novel The Man Without Qualities
Hummel, Michaela ; Pokorný, Martin (advisor) ; Bílek, Petr (referee)
(English) is thesis is concerned with the opening section"A Sort of Introduction" of Robert Musil's e Man Without Qualities. It follows the plot developed throughout the evolution of the main character Ulrich, and his gradual realization that he is a "man without qualities" and that he needs to "take a break from life," as the discovery of a starting position for his life experiment. Closer reading is given to the "other condition" that Ulrich discovers in his nightly adventure. e idea of mystical unification touches on the central theme of love and eroticism, which are in various aspects, characterized by both Leona and Bonadea. Broadly understood the concept of unification, as a form of unfulfilled need, transforms into a "projection surface" on which we can see the suppressed inclinations of individuals and society, leading among other things to the rehabilitation of the philosophical construct of "Genius", the search for a type of "strong individual",that will be able to withstand the demands of the"new era;"- reflected in this section by Clarisse and Walter. Along with this "story" level of the text, I follow in a few subchapters what we may call the"imaginative"level,that is,the collection of themes that show the"internal" perspective of storytelling. For example, the motive of a window being...
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Laser spectroscopy of semiconductor quantum dots
Pokorný, Martin
This work is focused on examining photoluminescent properties of InAs quantum dots (QDs) on GaAs substrate covered by GaAs1-xSbx strain reducing capping layer (SRL) prepared by Stranski-Krastanow method. We measured luminescence decay time of two samples with different concentration of Sb in this layer. We investigated the influence of temperature, intensity and wavelength of the excitation pulse on the luminescent decay time. We also compared the properties of the samples after excitation by 760 nm pulse and 850 nm pulse - the former one is energetically above the substrate band gap; in the second case we excited only the QDs and the wetting layer (WL). We consequently derived recombination and relaxation processes occurring inside InAs QDs and also the transport of charge carriers from the substrate and the WL into QDs. One part of this diploma thesis was to learn about the methods of measuring ultrafast photoluminescence and build the experimental set-up.
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Obsessed by Memory: Modiano, Perec, Sebald
Hřídelová, Nina Justina ; Pokorný, Martin (advisor) ; Činátlová, Blanka (referee)
This thesis is based on the theoretical framework of memory studies and deals with the question of memory and trauma representation in the prose works of Patrick Modiano, Georges Perec and W. G. Sebald. The thesis analyses a number of their works and focuses on the possibilities and difficulties of representing the traumatic experience of the Holocaust as well as the tension between the authors' personal memory and the collective and cultural memory expressed in post-war literature. Looking at the individual texts, the thesis traces various signs of traumatic narrative displayed in them, such as hypertrophied memory motifs and instruments, disruptions of linear chronology or a specific register that makes elements of extreme experience penetrate into the everyday. The thesis reaches two conclusions: first, that the traumatic narrative scheme is firmly tied to narration per se and reveals its transformative potential; second, that by means of the tools of traumatic narration, the authors find common ground in the ethical imperative of testimony.
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New aproaches to myocardial atrophy attenuation after mechanical unloading - Experimental study of heterotopic heart transplantation in rats
Pokorný, Martin ; Malý, Jiří (advisor) ; Ošťádal, Petr (referee) ; Rohn, Vilém (referee)
Cardiac atrophy, as a result of a long term mechanical unloading observed in patients treated with mechanical circulatory supports, represents a substantial obstacle in cardiac recovery. The first aim of this thesis was to evaluate the course of unloading-induced cardiac atrophy in healthy and failing heart. Mechanical unloading was studied in an experimental model of heterotopic heart transplantation in rats. Heart failure was experimentally induced by chronic volume overload achieved by creation of aorto-caval fistula. The second aim of this thesis was to discover if dietary induced increase in fatty acids concentration in heart tissue, specifically myristic, palmitic and palmitooleic, that are believed to promote physiological heart growth, could attenuate the course of cardiac atrophy. The third aim of this thesis was to examine if increased isovolumic loading obtained by intraventricular implantation of newly designed spring expander would attenuate the development of cardiac atrophy. The level of cardiac atrophy was evaluated as the weight loss of the heterotopically tranplanted heart compared to the control heart on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 after heterotopic transplantation. The cardiomyocyte width and the level of cardiac fibrosis was studied simultaneously. Mechanical unloading following heterotopic...
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Výživa dojnic v daném zemědělském podniku
POKORNÝ, Martin
The Bachelor work describe nutrition of dairy cows in selected companies. The main parameter of successful cattle breeding is the provision of natural condition especially for breeded animals. This is mainly about housing conditions of natural movement, nutrition and feeding that corresponds to the suitable physiological needs. With time and the new trends are to increase the quality of cattle breeding, to improve the quality of optimal nutrition, to manage and to implement it. At this companies I focused nutrition of dairy cows which this companies exploits. At the Bachelor work describe nutrition of dairy cows which is great for health and welfare of dairy cows.
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Memory and Time in Augustine's Confessiones and in Proust's A la Recherche du Temps Perdu
Roreitnerová, Alena ; Karfíková, Lenka (advisor) ; Petříček, Miroslav (referee) ; Pokorný, Martin (referee)
This presented paper is a parallel reading of two works which both connect a philosophical perception of time and memory with an actual narration. The first is one of the earliest spiritual autobiographies of late antiquity - Confessions - and the second is a modern novel - In Search of Lost Time. A distinctive (originally Neoplatonic) understanding of eternity as simultaneity opens a line of questioning which both Confessions and In Search of Lost Time have in common: What is the relation between time and eternity (extra-temporality in Proust's case) and is it possible at all for a time being to have a relation to something what is eternal? In both works, the mediating role between time succession and timeless simultaneity is played by narration and memory. Part I of the paper (Chapter 1) deals with Augustine's understanding of time which can be found not only in Book XI of Confessions but also throughout the whole work including its narrative passages; it also partly takes into consideration Book VI of De musica. It tries to answer a more general question, i.e. whether Augustine in his autobiography concentrates only on subjective time or whether he is interested in time as such (in contrast to eternity). The answer is intended to be found through the analysis of questions the author of...
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Search for the Hero - The Izanagi Myth Theme as a Key to the Interpretation of Protagonists in Haruki Murakami's Novels
Jurkovič, Tomáš ; Švarcová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Pokorný, Martin (referee) ; Rumánek, Ivan (referee)
This thesis deals with a motive, very frequent in the novels of Haruki Murakami: a male protagonist trying to save his spouse, who has disappeared in a "different world". This can be of course interpreted as an orphic myth variation. However, the version used by Murakami resembles the story of Izanagi and Izanami deities in the Kojiki, ancient Japanese chronicle, more than the Greek orphic myth. Therefore, the motive is treated like a specific "Izanagi myth" variation here in the thesis, and the examination of its function is focused on the novels, the most important segment of Murakami's work. Murakami intentionally uses a very complicated form of narration in the novels. Therefore, to examine the exact function of Izanagi myth motive in the novel stories, a method of abstraction of these stories from their narrative discourses is used, based on the theories of Seymour Chatman. According to these theories, stories are strictly chronological sequences of events, while narrative discourses are more specific forms of these sequences, processed by the narrators. To abstract "exact" stories from Murakami's novels' specific discourses, we concentrate on all time-related data in their texts and use them to reconstruct the minute chronological orders of events - the stories of the novels. After that, we...
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The Transformation of Reality by Text
Hankiewicz, Jakub ; Pokorný, Martin (advisor) ; Hrdlička, Josef (referee)
This thesis presents transformation as the key principle of production, as well as reception of a literary text. As far as production is concerned, the thesis takes off from the passing nature of any moment, any element of reality, and it perceives a literary text as a way to save and conserve that element. It is obvious that should the given element of the physical reality - perishable in its true character - survive in a text, it needs to undergo a change, a transformation: what needs to change in order for it to survive? By analyzing authors who discuss this nature of the text in their works, the thesis comes to understanding the production of a text as a discovery of such an environment within the text, which would allow the element of reality to be conserved. As far as reception is concerned, the thesis studies the influence a literary text has on our experience of reality. The problem is not only tackled as a perception of the world via a certain literary work, which was for example the case with the literary characters of Don Quixote or Madame Bovary, but the thesis tries to describe the deep transformation of our perception of reality caused by a poetic outlook on elements of the real world.
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