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The image of France and the French civilization in the history books for high schools in the Interwar period in Hungary
Kőműves, Edina Ágnes ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Czoch, Gábor (referee)
Physical-spatial and social configuration at neighborhood level, the Raval (Barcelona), an urban evaluation according with the Compact City Model Edwin Javier Azofeifa Valverde ABSTRACT In urban areas, economic development and efforts for improving the quality of citizens' lives, instead of complementing each other and contributing to the advancement of the city, both of them generate and accentuate the processes of physical and social fragmentation in cities. This thesis describes and evaluates the physical-spatial and social configuration in the neighbourhood of Raval in Barcelona, with a particular focus on the role played in that configuration by the immigrant population. The aim is to identify how those processes in which social inequality and a lack of access to certain services and facilities manifest themselves. In order to illustrate this reality and understand the configuration of Raval, population data and information regarding services, facilities, and urban furniture were gathered. The concept of compact urban development (the compact city model) was used in order to interpret the potential weaknesses in the neighbourhood, which hinder its functionality. The main drawbacks are the predominance of population groups occupying certain spaces hindering their potential integration in the...
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Perception of Armenian Question for Czech Readership (1878 - 1925)
Jandák, Marek ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Košťálová, Petra (referee)
This bachelor thesis is devoted to the analysis of reflection of the Armenian Question in crucial years 1878 - 1925. The main aim is to examine one historical issue on different levels with use of two case studies demanding different methodological approach. The opening chapter is focusing on the image of Armenians and Turks in Czech public sphere. The second part of my thesis is dealing with changing image of violence committed on Armenian population in the late Ottoman Empire in the Czech language daily Národní politika. In the third chapter I am paying attention to the writings of Czech traveler and humanist Karel Hansa. My study of the journal Národní listy is focusing on approach of the newspaper to mass violence and humanitarian problems and it takes a form of textual, quantitative and contents analysis. The chapter 4 about Karel Hansa is worked out in a narrative style with use of anthropological approach. My attention in both cases is focusing on phenomena of indifference or active help in the time of genocide and humanitarian crises through a prism of study with subtitle Psychic numbing and genocide by American psychologist Paul Slovic. Outcome of my research of Národní politika journal is that Czech society was remarkably passive and world news in the newspaper were quite unoriginal,...
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The Image of Maximilien Robespierre in the Thermidorian Discourse
Křivánková, Alena ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Tinková, Daniela (referee)
The bachelor thesis The Image of Maximilien Robespierre in the Thermidorian Discourse deals with the way Robespierre was described during the era of the Thermidorian Convention (1794 - 1795) and how his image was politically used. The main sources of information are political pamphlets. The first part illustrates the image of the Thermidorian coup and its subsequent legitimization. The second part discusses the personality of Robespierre, symbolizing the embodiment of a certain approach to power and the revolutionary terror, and shows the connection between this notion and political alterations which were taking place in the revolutionary France at that time. The third one characterizes the struggles between Thermidorian left and right wing, and shows, how the image of Robespierre and the denomination "robespierristes" was used during this fight. As a result the negative image of Robespierre was gradually connected to the negative image of Thermidorian left as to the negative image of the Mountain Convention period, whereas it was used to support and legitimize a political turn to the right. Meanwhile, which image of Robespierre prevailed, is given precisely by the victory of the right. Key words: Maximilien Robespierre - French Revolution - Thermidor - propaganda
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Region Formation and Transformations of its Roles in Course of the 20th Century: Bohemian-Moravian Highlands
Krajíček, Jan ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Janáč, Jiří (referee)
"Region" is nowadays one of the most frequented term in the discourse of the humanities. In the approach of the History, the region is used as a theoretical and methodological concept, whose content has wide range in other social sciences, such as Human Geography and Sociology. This thesis deals with the possibility of the utilization of this term in the historical research applicated on the particular case of the Bohemian- Moravian Highlands. Thesis describes the recent state of the research and the progress in the approach to the term of region. The main concepts which can be used in the case of the Highlands are also shown and described. This particular region was chosen because of its specificity - it's a central periphery, which formed itself into a centralized and institutionalized modern region, the Vysočina Region, during the 20th century. The basic way-out is Anssi Paasi's theory of the shaping of regions. According to it, region can be found in many dimensions in the process of its creation - not just in a physical shape, but also in a symbolic shape, in the making of its identity. Eventually, region has got variable social and economic characteristics. The meaning in which region is percepted and imagined is also changed by these processes of creation - the role of the region is changing...
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Preservation History of Art Nouveau Heritage in Hungary, Czech Lands and France
Zámbó, Lilla ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Michaud, Eric (referee)
Preservation History of Art Nouveau Heritage in Hungary, Czech Lands and France Master Thesis Lilla Zámbó Abstract This master thesis discusses the preservation history of the most relevant architectural monuments of Art Nouveau from the perspective of different ideological and political systems of Hungary, the Czech Lands and France in the 20th century. The main objective of the thesis is to examine the influences of Art Nouveau in the society and vice versa through different heritage protection procedures and successful monument restorations, which took place in significant "Art Nouveau cities" of Europe: Budapest, Prague, Nancy and Strasbourg. The Art Nouveau style (1890-1914) was born as a reaction to the academic schools at the end of the nineteenth century and spread quickly by advertising a new architectural program, thanks to its special aesthetical, social and political contents. In order to satisfy the needs of the "modern" age and to create a better environment for the people, Art Nouveau broke with the previous dominant historical tendencies, not only in a mental way, but also in employing a new design and decorative elements. Thus the international practice-based, but locally unique and unprecedented works of the Art Nouveau were totally differing from the dominant eclectic townscapes, which is...
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Skopje 2014: The Govermental Role in the Spatial Politics of Collective Memory
Nikolovska, Ivana ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (referee) ; Ozouf Marignier, Marie Vic (referee)
Skopje 2014: Governmental Role in the Spatial Politics of Collective Memory In my research the key interest is to understand how the government uses public spaces in order to supply the continuity of the narratives and how it maintains collective memories. In the matter of the public interpretations of the past, I am especially interested in the effects it has upon the collective memories of the citizens, notably to the generations, who have experienced the city. Above all, I examine the work of artists and architects who are using styles and symbols that affect the memories by ambivalent imitations and interpretations. Such content is seen within the framework of a multi- ethnical state presented by polarized public with polarized relations between the two major ethnicities of Macedonians and Albanians. I will try to examine the level of manipulation while demonstrating history in public space, creating false correlations of the past. Such phenomenon has been perceived as a one of having negative influence at present. It is taken as a possible change within the process of identification of future generations. I organized the research in two parts. In the first one I give a synchronic presentation of delivered criticism and comments on the project"Skopje 2014". In the second part, having a...
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Understanding Nation from an African Vantage Point. The Oromo polity during the 16th century as a point of reference
Megersa Dirirsa, Sisay ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Takács, Ádám (referee) ; Búr, Gábor (referee)
The thesis attempts to address two central problems in the process of understanding the phenomenon of a nation. First, to what extent does the modernist view that embeds the origin of a nation in the European historical context is valid? Second, to what extent does the existing normative knowledge base concerning the phenomena of a nation and an ethnic entity adequately delineate the conceptual and empirical boundaries in between of these two phenomena. The central focus of this thesis is; therefore, to expose a basic internal contradiction that is inherent in the existing conceptual understanding of a nation. Using the Oromo case as a vantage point, it is the conviction of this thesis that the concept of a nation is 'Eurocentric' to the neglect of historical specificities outside Europe such as the case with the Oromo people. The thesis generates its epistemological presumptions from Hans-Georg Gadamer's Philosophical Hermeneutics. Since the thesis will depart from the presumption that considers a nation as a concept, the thesis will attempt to capitalize on some methodological and conceptual insights from Reinhhart Koselleck's History of Concept. The thesis uses two kinds of sources materials: one, European theoretical literature on the concept of nation; two, ethnographic and historical...
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Local and National Identity in Historical Monographs on Bohemian, Moravian and Galician Towns (1860-1900)
Ira, Jaroslav ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Štaif, Jiří (referee) ; Řezník, Miloš (referee)
The dissertation thesis deals with urban historical monographs that were published in 1860-1900 in Czech, German, and Polish language, and covered towns in Bohemia, Moravia, and Galicia. Adopting a broadly comparative perspective, the study focuses on the social dimension of the books through the lens of local and national identities. It presupposes that the urban histories essentially created local identities but at the same time makes a hypothesis that nationalization of society in the 19th century had significant impact on local urban history. The first chapter shows that the urban historiography in each of the regional-language spheres developed unevenly. One of the reasons was the different significance of towns and urban past in national thoughts. The following chapter analyses urban monographs as books. It poses questions about who wrote urban histories, with what intentions, and for what readership. It reveals that the books had essentially two roles: they served local purposes and at the same time they were integrated in the national programme The two remaining chapters deal with the analysis of historical representations. The fourth chapter compares urban histories with regard to periodization of urban past. It confirms that the national historical frame significantly influenced the ways...
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Between Defence and Resistance: Destinies of Eighteenth Century Protestant Communities in Eastern Bohemia and Haut-Languedoc
Kalivodová, Eva ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee) ; Durand, Stéphane (referee)
Between Defence and Resistance: Destinies of Eighteenth-Century Protestant Communities in Eastern Bohemia and Haut-Languedoc Abstract Based on archive research and literature the thesis compares the religious life of illegal Protestant communities in the 18th century Eastern Bohemia and Haut-Languedoc. From macroanalytical perspective it assesses the strategies of protestant minorities used to resist the disciplining efforts of the absolutist state. The confessional homogeneity, economic background and social stratification of Protestants in Eastern Bohemia and Haut-Languedoc differed. Yet, the contrasting comparison opens up the way to analyse the divergent resistance strategies. Further, the thesis examines the existence and nature of attempts to simplify the religious doctrine and to modify the liturgy undertaken by the lay and ordained priests and the worshippers. The structure combines the thematic and chronological approach, while keeping a broad perspective that encompasses also the economic and cultural context. First tree chapters outline and conceptualize the problem of prohibited Protestantism in both regions during the 17th and most of the 18th centuries. While in Languedoc the Presbyterian-synodic structure was revived (albeit illegally), in Eastern Bohemia and in whole Bohemia and Moravia...
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