|
|
Body-mind problem
Knesplová, Monika ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Uhlář, Pavel (referee)
This thesis entitled Body-Mind Problem describes the issue as a traditional point of view, through the philosophical conception of the relationship between body and mind and the historical development of links between body and mind. Unusual point of view with an overlap in psychological practice describes the current field of psychology applying the relation of body and mind - constitutional typology, psychotherapy focusing on the body and psychosomatics. The practical part of this work is aimed at determining the influence of dance movement therapy, as one of the types of psychotherapy focused on the body, on reducing emotional problems in children aged 4-6 years.
|
|
|
Psychological Aspects of Religiosity and Spirituality in Relation to Health
Hacklová, Renata ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Smékal, Vladimír (referee) ; Stríženec, Michal (referee)
This work is based on the assumption that religiosity, and spirituality can, together with other salutoprotective factors, influence physical and psychological health and personal well- being. The theoretical and empirical part come out of bio-psycho-social conception of health in relation to spiritual dimension understood as person's orientation towards the values of meaning and spirituality. In the theoretical part of the work we dealt with the definition and development of constructs of quality of life, personal well being, religiosity/spirituality, and other variables like social support, gratitude, sense of coherence, the locus of control, meaningfulness, lifestyle, which are connected to the main constructs. The work deals with the questions of measuring, epidemiological and overview studies, questions of relationship causality and hypothesis of possible psychological mediators functioning in complex relations on multiple levels of generality. The constructs of subjective quality of life, and religiosity/spirituality were operationalized as multidimensional variables. Abroad, majority of studies showed positive associations between measuring of R/S and the overall health; however, contradicting results of measuring were not rare. The relation between variables appears to be a lot more complex...
|
|
|
Psychological Aspects of Crisis Intervention (Non-Clinical Type)
Soyková, Vivienne ; Kučera, Miloš (advisor) ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee) ; Křivohlavý, Jaro (referee)
TITLE: Psychological aspects of Crisis Intervention (non-clinical type) AUTHOR: Vivienne Soyková DEPARTMENT: Dpt. of Psychology SUPERVISOR: Doc. PhDr. Miloš Kučera, CSc. ABSTRACT: Dealing with stress-affected people and also with stress-causing situations, e.g. a civil disaster, a post-flood disaster, or an everyday accident, is a challenge for psychology and pedagogics. Professional attention needs to be given to ways of providing help, and also to ways of preventing and mitigating the consequences of traumatic events. The education system needs to be involved, and civic awareness needs to be raised. This thesis summarizes practical experience and theoretical studies on preventive approaches and practices to promote health in times of disasters and catastrophes, and in the subsequent time. On the basis of the conclusions of an investigation, attention is focused on the concept of crisis intervention of non-clinical type in two consecutive stages, and on education for dealing with the consequences of crises. These two stages of intervention are included in the Standards for Civic Aid and Cooperation (2010, MoI CR), in which the author participated. In contrast to standard clinical practice in psychology and psychiatry, the philosophy of helping focuses on the healthy population affected by a disaster. In...
|
|
|
Differences in cognitive processes during recognition of faces within individual and collective identification procedure
Diallo, Karolina ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee)
This thesis discusses cognitive processes theories with special emphasis on those affecting recognition and identification of human faces, introduces the issue of eyewitness testimony and the issue of methods and techniques of criminal identification proven in forensic science and actually in use in police work. The literature and previous empirical studies dealing with the issue of line-up and show-up reliability and accuracy are reviewed afterwards. The effect of selected variables, i.e. retention interval and similarity of suspect clothing, within the show-up and line-up procedures is well mentioned. Experiments in this thesis examine these interrelated goals: determining the effect of two variables on show up accuracy as well as the suggestivity of show up method and exploring carryover effect from show up to line up identification procedure. Keywords: cognitive processes, facial recognition, individual identification, eyewitness testimony
|
|
|
Nurses smoking as one of important risk factors of this profession
Drozdová, Radomila ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hrubá, Drahoslava (referee) ; Králíková, Eva (referee)
Smoking is a serious problem for all of society. Smoking by healthcare workers, in particular, is an even more serious problem as it affects those who are responsible for helping others quit smoking and for educating the general population regarding the consequences of smoking. It is generally accepted that if a person cannot cope with their own problems, they will have difficulties helping others cope with similar problems. This is equally true for nicotine addiction. Why do so many nurses smoke? It is not logical for nurses, smoke more than other professional groups (39% of 337 respondents) and women (about 25%). At the time of the study (2005) 75% of nurses' who smoked, smoked while at work; managers tolerated this behavior and sometimes even smoked with the nurses. This is alarming since it presents a problem of professional ethics. Occasional smokers state that, while at work, they most often have a cigarette with a cup of coffee. Most smokers report that they smoke mainly in the company of others (62.5%). Half of smokers associate smoking with drinking coffee, they also claim that smoking relaxes them (44.5%) and helps them deal with stressful situations at work. Most nurses who smoke show signs of social nicotine addiction. It has been shown that current smokers started experimenting with cigarettes...
|
|
|
Psychological care design concept for cardiocenter
Voldřichová, Ilona ; Kořán, Martin (referee) ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee)
in English My thesis is focused on integration of diagnostic and terapeutic methods of clinical psychology into the concept of contemporary cardiology. Modern medicine consider not only somatic aspects of patient's ilness, but also the aspects of personalitie's diferencies and needs. Psychologist applies the knowledge of psychological theories and psychophysiological mechanisms into the field of clinical diagnostic and treatment thinking about the individual patient. (A) Psychologic treatment of in-patients involves: (1) Crisis intervention (KI), i.e. treatment of the patients with urgent psychological difficulties. Cisis intervention presents the most indicated type of intervention in in-patiet's psychological treatment. (2) Pre-operative psychological care before recent cardiothoracic surgical intervention reduces patient's distress in pre-operational and post-operational period. (3) Individual approach to problematic personalities can significantly improve cooperation with medical staff. (B) Specific psychological problems of cardiac out-patients involves: (1) Depressive disorder developes after the frustating exposure of medical problems. (2) Cardiologists are the most visited professionals by the patients suffering from panic anxiety disorder. The reason is, that the panic anxiety symptoms...
|
|
|
Executive functions-diagnostic and rehabilitation
Klucká, Jana ; Kulišťák, Petr (advisor) ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee)
Executive function testing still appears to be very complicated for many reasons. In practice, we can meet the situations in which commonly used standardized neuropsychological tests do not reveal injury in executive functions, which is absolutely obvious in everyday life. The goal of the submitted research was to confirm a hypothesis whether getting the executive function testing closer to real life may contribute to their diagnosis specification. In the conducted research, the individual performance of the group comprising 29 persons with dysexecutive syndrome was compared with the individual performance of the control group of 29 healthy persons. The testees' performance was monitored in two test situations - at standstill (standard testing) and during noise load (real conditions simulation). In both test situations the identical tests of NEUROP-2 (KIQ, PAARE, GO/NO-GO, LISEQ, HANOI and NATE) were used. In compliance with the hypothesis, negative impact of noise on the performance of persons with dysexecutive syndrome was proved in the KIQ a HANOI tests. In both cases presented above, the testees with dysexecutive syndrome were characterized by statistically considerable performance degradation during the noise load. In the other utilized tests (PAARE, GO/NO-GO, LISEQ and NATE), the noise impact on the...
|
|
|
Positive affectivity as an important part of well-being
Miňová, Noemi ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
This diploma thesis is in its theoretical part dealing with religious and philosophical concerns in relation to positive affectivity and subjective well-being. It offers a review of contemporary theories on this topic. In the practical part, it tests the relations of the constructs which have an infuence on personal well-being: positive affectivity, satisfation with life and life engagement. Positive affectivity is assessed with the life orientation test (LOT-R: Life Orientation Test-Revisited, Scheier, Carver, Bridges, 1994), personal well-being with the satisfaction-with-life scale (SWLS: Satisfaction With Life Scale, Pavot et al., 1991) and meaningful life engagement with the life engagement test (LET: Life Engagement Test- Assesing Purpose in Life, Scheier et al. 2006). The test sample consisted of 301 respondents of the common population. Their average age was 38 years, the national contents were 188 people of the Czech citizenship and 113 people of the Slovak citizenship. No correlation was found between positive affectivity and gender, age, education nor nationality. Further there was no correlation between satisfaction with life and citizenship, gender and age. The same applies to life engagement and citizenship and age. On the contrary, the results show that there is a diference in the...
|
|
|
Distribution of intelligence and of the personality traits in FtM and MtF transsexuals
Novák, Marek ; Weiss, Petr (advisor) ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee)
The thesis deals with the differences between Female-to-Male (FtM) and Male-to-Female (MtF) transsexuals, focusing on their intelligence and personality traits. The aim of the study was to compare the results between male and female transsexuals in these two areas and to recognize if the distribution of given personality traits corresponds more to their biological sex or to the gender identity. In the theoretical part of the work, studies about males and females in the population are presented and put into a broader context of the studies concerning FtM and MtF transsexuals, while using all accessible literature. The research comprises of data comparison of 200 transsexuals (100 MtF and 100 FtM) using Raven's Progressive matrices and DOPEN questionnaire. The results were evaluated by the statistical analysis and were later compared to the norms for men and women in population. There were found no differences in intelligence in both groups of transsexuals. Both groups' intelligence (IQ 117) is slightly above-average. Using the Raven's Progressive matrices, higher variability of results was measured in the MtF group. Male-to-Female transsexuals reached significantly higher scores in neuroticism compared to Female-to-Male group. This scale was identified as significantly higher in both groups when...
|
|
|
The concept of life events and their influence on health of individual:international comparison
Šonová, Barbora ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee) ; Šípek, Jiří (referee)
Resumé The first part of the thesis is focused on the theoretical presentation of the life events concept and their influence on the health of man. After introductory definition of the focal idea of the thesis and brief description of the historical development of the life events research the author proceeds to the list of psychic and somatic illnesses that are most frequently connected with the occurence of life changes. The theoretical part of the thesis also deals with the factors on both an individual's and living environment side that may modify the perception of life events and their impact on the human health to a great extent. Furthermore the mechanisms of the influence of stress situations cannot be omitted. In a separate chapter the author deals with intercultural connection in the life events' concept. The thesis also pays attention to key methodological aspects of the research in the field of observation and in the end it covers other related themes that deserve to be noticed but could not be included in the theoretical part because of its limited scope. Last chapter briefly presents critical comments on discussed topic. In the empirical part of the thesis the author presents her own research that have been done at the sample of 258 Finnish and 257 Czech students. Using the set of...
|
guest ::
