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Gambling as a Black Hole of the Social Universe
Horáček, Michal ; Abu Ghosh, Yasar (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
This master's thesis aims both to present empirical criticism of the published case studies of gambling, in particular the Deep Play by Clifford Geertz, which is the most cited one, and to propose such a methodology which would enable us to derive more meaningful data from the ethnographic material on gambling. In this context it is also needed to question the conventional conceptual categories which are internally conflicting as appears both in common speech and in the works of the social science scholars such as Johan Huizing, Eugen Fink, Roger Caillois, Gerda Reith and Jackson Lears.
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Ethnicity and entrepreneurship: Social relations in Turkish restaurants in Prague
Hora, Matěj ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee)
Matěj Hora horamat@gmail.com Stránka 1 z 3 Abstrakt: Práce přispívá do současného stavu poznání na poli výzkumu etnického podnikání a etnických restaurací. Pomocí etnografického přístupu a kombinace terénního výzkumu a opakovaných rozhovorů tato práce blíže zkoumá turecké kuchaře v pražských restauracích. Přesto, že turecká menšina není v České republice početná, restaurací nabízejících turecká jídla je zde mnoho. Nejprve je tedy analyzován prostor, ve kterém se výzkumník pohybuje, poté je rozdělen na dva hlavní typy restauračních zařízení. Hlavní identifikovaní aktéři jsou zasazeni do v sítě vztahů a tyto vztahy s tureckými kuchaři jsou následně interpretovány. Těchto významných vztahů je v práci identifikováno celkem šest. Vztahy s tureckými dodavateli, s rodinou a tureckými zákazníky, jsou označeny jako vztahy intraetnické. Vztahy s ostatními dodavateli, českými zákazníky, netureckými muslimskými zákazníky a ostatními prodejci, jsou potom označeny jako vztahy interetnické. Zachycené vztahy jsou vzájemně propojeny pomocí jídla a procesů s ním spojených. Pomocí důvěrně známých chutí, receptů a ingrediencí se kuchaři vztahují k domovu a skrze jejich nabídku, a to zejména domácími jídly, se prezentují českým zákazníkům. Prostřednictvím jídla nabízeného českým zákazníkům vnímají Čechy jako konzervativní,...
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Anthropocentrism According to Living Nature
Kirsová, Jana ; Kandert, Josef (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
This diploma thesis is inquired into the problematic of anthropocentrism and it' s relationship with the living nature. It is obvious that the anthropocentrism contributed to the current ecological crisis. The author is trying to delimit the definition framework of anthropocentrism and to find it's social, scientific even religious roots and to find the possible ways out of the crisis. The author also presents the key-concepts and theories that are non-anthropocentrically based and that are presenting the possible alternative attitude to the environment connected with the transformation of human values. Concretely it engages James Lovelocks Gaia Theory, Arne Naesses deep ecology and ecosophy or the Fritjof Capras new paradigm. Farther away it also follows the possibility of practical change of our life-concepts and as it's example describes the new concept of voluntary simplicity and New Age.
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Medico ergo sum. Construction of symbolic inequalities and boundaries between physicians and healers /and their professional identity
Dostálová, Lenka ; Hájek, Martin (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
My diploma thesis deals with the relationship and more specifically with the boundaries and inequalities between scientific medicine and alternative medicine from the constructionistic and interactionistic point of view. It explores how the boundaries are constructed by the representatives of biomedicine on one side and the representatives of alternative medicine on the other side. This thesis is based on a qualitative research - semi-standardised interviews with members of both systems of medicine. The state and the role of alternative medicine in czech setting is presented to the reader and the construction of boundaries in this context is explored. The thesis shows that the representatives of biomedicine build boundaries mainly based on moral aspects, while the representatives of alternative medicine have larger and more varied repertoire of boundaries. The fact is probably given by structural conditions and the role of alternative medicine - while the representatives of biomedicine "only" want to maintain the status quo, the representatives of alternative medicine struggle to change their situation, which requires bigger effort.
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Discourse Rules Connected to Dying: How People Talk About Death of Close Ones
Exnerová, Dominika ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Kabele, Jiří (referee)
The thesis aims with discourse rules of dying of a close person. Author works with other theories, especially with Gorer's pornography of death and also comparisons of current situation and history of Ariés and Elias, who considered the current representations of death to be more a taboo than in the past. The practical base of the text is a research combining both in-depth interviews with young people and interpretations of closed groups, such as support group and internet discussion. The analysis identified two approaches in young people's families, focusing either on practical aspects of dying of a relative or on emotional aspects. These two approaches were in opposition against each other especially while both being present in a single family. Also, several conditions changing discourse rules were identified. The death of a young person or by suicide were more tabuized than death of an elder person. Generally, the research shows that people's view on death is not constructed by media as Gorer proposed, since young adult people have their own experience from their families. In this text, death is considered to be a taboo of the society because of strict boundaries of what is appropriate and inaproppriate. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The process of addiction treatment in the fellowship of Alcoholics Anonymous
Němcová, Lucie ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Hájek, Martin (referee)
This thesis concerns an alternative approach to the alcohol-addiction treatment within the fellowship of Alcoholics Anonymous and highlights the importance of self-help groups in the contemporary society. This worldwide biggest self-help group uses sociologically important processes to achieve a new way of life connected with sobriety. I have studied these processes through the participant observation. Alcoholics Anonymous influences its members through its specific culture which reflects in group rituals, high level of group affiliation, spirituality and co-constructed community story, which bears the member's knowledge. This thesis looks on the transition to identity of the sober alcoholic and the new way of living according to Twelve-Step program of Alcoholics Anonymous through the perspective of drift model of conversion, transition rituals or principles used in the narrative therapy. Within these processes there occurs radical reconstruction of perceptual, cognitive and behavioral schemes which influence the meanings in the interpretation of everyday life and consecutively change the identity of the individual and his social action. These changes of the individual are strengthened by the group members and then gradually spread out of the group boundaries too.
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Identity plug-ins: Towards post-human theory of informational privacy
Tremčinský, Martin ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Numerato, Dino (referee)
The text is concerned with informational privacy in infosphere. Infosphere according to Luciano Floridi presents a new type of techno-scientific ecology in which western societies organize themselves and operate. Privacy is conceptualized as a labor of division in the infosphere, where every (quasi)subject is mobilizing various actors in order to protect her outer boundaries and resist objectification. The labor of division in infosphere is then compared with similar types of labor in different ecologies and societies (i.e. Amazonia and Mongolia) in sake of identification of crucial agents carrying out this labor of division based on negotiations of categories such as human/non-human or self/non-self. The text distinguishes three types of actors of division according to three interconnected intruders; traders, overseers and criminals. The argument then is that through mobilization of various dividing actors depending on the type of intruder, different (quasi)subjects emerge, thus subjectivity in the infosphere is a political project co- constructed by non/human dividing actors. The last chapter than proposes general ethical directions which might be helpful in the future, when considering the problems of lack of privacy.
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Crossfit Body, Habiitus and Lifestyle
Malíková, Gabriela ; Grygar, Jakub (advisor) ; Kotík, Michal (referee)
This paper is concern on defining the term "habitus" within crossfit. Crossfit is new sport phenomena which is differently accepted in sport society. It can be supposed that due to its specifics crossfit is attracive for specific group of people and crossfit can be considered as a part of style aferwards. The theoretic part is based on assumptions of Marcel Mauss, who defined habitus as aspects of culture which are embodied to body throw daily practiques and resulted in acquired abilities, Pierre Bourdieu, who connected habitus with terms as capital, social field and style, and Loic Wacquant, who added the dimenstion of bodily capital, which concrete form can be seen as projection of culture values. By way of enthnography, and followng interviews these research questions are supposed to be answered: How does crossfit habitus look like? How is reproduced? Which life style can be associated with crossfit? How can be crossfiters characterized in social space?
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"Gender stereotyped optics in upbringing of several Prague's families"
Novotná, Barbora ; Maříková, Hana (advisor) ; Grygar, Jakub (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of gender stereotypes in the context of parental upbringing. This paper is based on qualitative research and analysis of eleven semi- structured interviews with parents who bring up at least two children of different sex. I focus on the relation between identified gender stereotypes in upbringing and parenting style. I also focus on gender stereotyped attitudes of fathers and mothers within individual families. On the basis of the interviews analysis I conclude that gender stereotypes in upbringing and overall optics of gender stereotypes are present in all families, regardless of parenting style. I am finding that differences among families with diverse parenting styles are primarily in the degree of awareness of gender stereotyped attitudes and the degree of active transmission of these attitudes to their children.
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