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Interactive narrativity
Lukešová, Anna ; Kubíček, Tomáš (referee) ; Bílek, Petr (advisor)
The thesis deals with the phenomenon of interactive narrativity, especially in codex-type texts. The aim of the thesis is to highlight the difficulties the current narratology has in coping with this kind of texts and to present an alternative approach to texts newly created mainly due to the development of modern technologies, the concept of cybertext postulated by Finnish theorist Espen Aarseth. Significant attention is focussed on the structural properties of this type of texts, which are the requirement of the feasibility of interactivity. The thesis is an attempt to assess generally both approaches and their advantages and disadvantages. The second part is devoted to an analysis of codex-type interactive texts. The aim of the list of selected literary works with an experimental structure is to demonstrate that interactive texts (or cybertexts) are based on the principles of traditional printed literature and are only an organic continuation of the experimental literature in another medium. A more detailed analysis of selected interactive texts aims to demonstrate the thesis of structural characteristics of interactive texts.
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Hoc est corpus. Literary anatomy: an introduction
Činátlová, Blanka ; Bílek, Petr (advisor) ; Kubíček, Tomáš (referee) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to look for various literary aspects of body and corporality; an attempt to see body and corporality not only at the mimetic, but also symbolic level. The introductory theoretical definition of body and corporality is inspired by the philosophical, theological and anthropological approach. The phenomenological view treats body and corporality as the basic aspect of human experience - on the basis of the "existing" body experience one gets situated and settled in the world. Body brings the primary orientation in time and space, it relates man to the world's objectiveness. The theological context of body added the "living" body experience to the "existing " body experience. The assumption of the living, created body arises thoughts on spiritual body, on body as a condition for transcendental experience. The concept of embodiment calls for reflection on the bodily form of the sacred and forms a canon of body not only created, but also animated, sacrificed and resurrected. Together with the inspiration in cultural anthropology , the theological aspects of body and corporality also challenge the themes of shame and disease - the faulty, non-functional body as a crooked perspective of consciousness. Analyses of cultural anthropology make one look for cultural canons of body and...
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Urban notions and a literary text - City space and its representations in contemporary Czech literature
Derdowska, Joanna ; Bílek, Petr (advisor) ; Petrusek, Miloslav (referee) ; Činátlová, Blanka (referee)
This thesis is an attempt to look into the matter of connecting urban space and literary work. The analysis of mutual relationship of these two entities is based on Czech literary texts written after 1989. The first, theoretical part of this thesis provides a view into the state of relatively new perspective in literary theory, which is literary anthropology. Literary anthropology is subsequently taken as a methodological basis of this thesis. This methodology permits us to apply interdisciplinary shifts that are especially conductive to the research of urban space. Secondly, discussions lead within or among theoretical approaches to space and literature, especially on the spatialisation of discourse (the spatial or geographical turn in humanities) and the discoursivisation of space (as a result of semiological approach which treats cultural entities as "texts of culture"). Analyzed reactions indicate that this widespread approach treating space as a text is not the only possible basis for its study. After introducing modernistic context, in the second, interpretational part of this thesis three possible poetics of literary representation of urban space are presented. Poetics of constriction comes out from the tradition of understanding the city as a space of peril, both as a result of geometrization and...
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Fictional communication and representation of consciousness in narrative fiction
Koten, Jiří ; Kubíček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bílek, Petr (referee) ; Češka, Jakub (referee)
The thesis deals with the topic of narrative fiction. It primarily focuses on the nature of a fictional discourse and the general issue of fictionality. Problems are viewed from a pragmatic point of view, i.e. we are primarily concerned with the behaviour of participants in communication exchanges, exploring the activity of speakers (authors) and recipients (readers). Our starting point was the so-called "theory of pretence", which was promoted by founders of the speech-act theory in order to explain and clarify fictionality. According to these scholars, the language of fiction is "parasitic" (Austin); it's an utterance lying outside the circumstances that could make it a successful illocutionary act (Searle, Ohmann). The path to more appropriate reformulation of "illocutionary" theory of fictionality leads through the scope of possible worlds. This approach suggests that a fictional discourse should be considered as a narrative of facts about the world (Lewis). In this case, in addition to the authors who imitate narrative, we can also take into account their fictional counterparts, narrators, who narrate either truthfully or falsely. Furthermore, it is believed that the creation of fiction is not an imitation, but a full speech activity, "doing things by words", which requires world-formative power. It...
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Language dramas. Theory of literature and creative writing practice
Studený, Jiří ; Bílek, Petr (advisor) ; Kubíček, Tomáš (referee) ; Fišer, Zbyněk (referee)
The coexistence and cooperation of theory of literature and creative writing practice is based on the necessity to build up a reliable methodological background for literary oriented creative writing itself. At the same time however this type of relation enables us to improve contemporary literary thinking with some new aspects derived from the vivid and authentic creative process dealing with specific literary forms and genres. In any case, the fundamental question of nowadays literary culture reamins the same, that is how to introduce at least some of the groundbreaking achievements of postmodern theory of literature to the institutionalized context of more or less traditional school system. Presented text reflects this kind of topic through the continuous comments on relationship between literary canon and spontaneous writing, and indirect, unconscious consequences of centralization and institucionalization or decentralization and deinstitucionalization of literary process represented mainly by creative writing practice. Two introductory chapters focused not only on methodic but also various cultural context of creative writing teaching, for example education through drama, rhetorics, therapy through art and zen aspects of creative activities, are followed with passages concentrating in particular on...
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Vratislav Effenberger's poetry and its ideologic context
Caňko, Miloslav ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Bílek, Petr (referee)
This study contains an analysis of the poetry of Vratislav Effenberger and the context of its ideas. The first two sections are devoted to the ideology of Czech surrealism, with which Effenberger is indelibly linked as a leading theoretician and which determined his direction for several long decades. The Introduction carries basic information about the history of Czech surrealism, the general problems of its theory and creative practice and the personality of the author in question. The following part examines in detail one aspect of the fundamental shift that occurred in Czech surrealism during its post-war developments: the shift from attempts at achieving a general disruption of the spirit (European rationalist thought), bringing about a total "crisis of consciousness," to mapping this crisis as a depressing problem of the contemporary world. This change is related to the different position of Czech surrealists regarding psychoanalysis: In this context, the author of this study refers to the two-member development scheme of Jean Michel Rabaté, according to which it is possible to distinguish between "hysterical" and "paranoid" discourse within surrealism, and proposes that it be supplemented by a third member - "analytical" discourse. The remaining sections of the whole study are focused on...
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Transformation of Czech literary context after 1989
Hrubá, Eva ; Janáček, Pavel (advisor) ; Bílek, Petr (referee)
This thesis focuses on the key period in the life of Czech society which relates to political and all-society changes linked with the year 1989 and the fall of the communist regime. The results of transitology research, focusing on the transformation of society from a totalitarian into a democratic system proved, that the process and result of the society transformation greatly depends on the ability to absorb the heritage of the past. Conscious evaluation of the part of life in nonfreedom and under oppression seems to be absolutely essential for further development, even though it might bring, that the newly built society might sometimes find difficult so solve. Using the transitology knowledge and the findings from the research of the transformation of society from a non-democratic into a democratic constitution, the thesis tries to map, how much the social change has affected the Czech literary context. It focuses mainly on the change of literary life elements, i.e. participants in the literary communication. It follows the processes and their consequences, which are typical for the transformation from a totalitarian-directive model of literary life into a democratic-liberal one. The most significant consequences are difficulties to come to terms with the past, when proscribed authors and their works...
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The story of diverse readings. Reception of Kundera's novel Žert (The Joke) and Třetí sešit směšných lásek (Laughable Loves) in Czech and German speaking context
Rennerová, Jana ; Bílek, Petr (advisor) ; Holý, Jiří (referee)
Reakce publika na Kunderův román Žert a Směšné lásky248 (opět reakce zejména na Třetí sešit směšných lásek) byly velmi různorodé. Žert pochopilo publikum českého prostředí jako historické svědectví o událostech padesátých a začátku šedesátých let. V procesu imaginárního dialogu mezi románem a publikem vyvstala hodnota dobového dokumentu, který velmi specifickým, důmyslně pojatým a detailně promyšleným způsobem promluvil o historických událostech padesátých let. Milan Kundera skrze svůj román Žert nabídl publiku jednu z prvních otevřených reflexí této doby. Recepční proces byl rozpoután, Žert se prakticky ihned stal ikonou českého poválečného literárního vývoje, od Zbabělců Josefa Škvoreckého ikonou zřejmě nejpřekvapivější. Publikum ihned přisoudilo románu svébytné místo v literárním kontextu. Recepční proces, jak ukázaly jeho doklady, však téměř opomněl upozornit na literární kvality románu. Často je sice v ohlasech české recepce Žertu zdůrazněn význam polyfonní kompozice románu, důležitost postav; román ale nebyl viděn ve své pravé románové podstatě: jako dílo, které na rozsáhlé ploše zpracovává a osvětluje jednak téma událostí padesátých let, jednak téma identity člověka ve společnosti, a které zpracováním těchto témat nutí své publikum k emocionální zainteresovanosti. Žert musel své čtenáře strhnout,...
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James Bond: the film series analysed from the point of narrative mythmaking
Pensdorfová, Olga ; Činátlová, Blanka (referee) ; Bílek, Petr (advisor)
The diploma thesis James Bond: The Film Series Analysed from the Point of Narrative Mythmaking analyses the use of the verbal narrative categories in the film narrative, namely the film series with James Bond. It researches structure, story, types of characters and fictional worlds in these film narratives. The thesis shows that the composition of this narrative is based above all on the seriality principles. It also focuses on the film series with James Bond as a productive example of mythmaking via analyses of the ideological principles function within these narratives.
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Emblematic reductions of a writer as a literary icon or a "star"
Libichová, Tereza ; Heczková, Libuše (referee) ; Bílek, Petr (advisor)
Since the dawn of the western literary tradition the meaning and connotations of the terms and concepts of "author" and "authorship" have been changed and discussed many times. Nevertheless, the word "author" still marks someone who is responsible for the creation of a text (or, in a wider meaning, it denotes a creator of any work of art in general), even though nowadays the author is not considered in the romantic meaning of the word, with its connotations focused on biography and life of a historical individual. In current literary theory, the "author" is seen more as three different entities: a psycho-corporeal existence of the author (the "biographical" author), a subject within the text, and eventually an author-character in his own text, whose existence has become the topic of it. Such an allocation of the auctorial subject makes it possible to explore different points of intersection. However, the irrelevance of interpretation from the biographical point of view is emphasized. Therefore, one more auctorial subject is defined: a point of intersection of the "unidentifiable subject behind the text" and the "auctorial subject within the text". Such a perception of the term offers the possibility to analyze certain literary texts with an emphasis on the so-called "emblematic reductions".
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