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The reality of the municipal administration and local government at the example of Mirošov 1918-1950
Hubáčková, Alena ; Sekyrková, Milada (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
The main theme is the activity of administrative and self-governing institutions in Mirošov from 1918 to 1950, the reconstruction of the office and the agenda of the municipal authorities and the activities of the office. In addition, emphasis will be placed on the description of the function of self- government and city administration in the city at that time. Key words History of administration, National Committee, City Administration, City national Committee, self-government, Municipal Council, municipal office, mayor, election
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Political Trials in the 50's - Karel Vaš
Uher, Štěpán ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
Political Trials in the 50's - Karel Vaš The main intention behind this master thesis was to provide a general overview over the historical phenomenon of political trails that took place in the era of early years of communist regime in Czechoslovakia and to put together a life story of the communist prosecutor and the judge Karel Vaš within this grim mosaic. The thesis encompasses the broader historical background and regional frame, the development of related legislation and the apparatus of the state and the communist party involved in political trials. There is also great concern in types and directions of judicial and other persecution, the theme of the rehabilitation of victims and the prosecution of persons involved in making these trials. The thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter gives a brief description of the situation in Czechoslovakia after the Second World War. It covers the most important events that led to communists taking over the absolute power in the state and carrying out political trials in the 50's as means for the stabilization of the society. The second chapter is dedicated directly to political trials themselves. This chapter is divided into four subchapters. The first subchapter is about the context, the definition of the term and historical origin of the political...
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Political programmes of the Czech representation in the second half of the 19th century
Zikmund, Michal ; Malý, Karel (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
The thesis Political Programmes of the Czech Representation in the Second Halve of the 19th Century focuses on both programme documents and actual work of Czech political parties, whether more or less institutionalized, between the years 1848 (March Revolution) and 1918 (the downfall of Austria-Hungary). At first it summarizes the historical development in the respective period (Chapter 1), next, it analyses programmes of political parties in three broadly defined topics: 1) Organisation of the empire, question of the Czech State Right (Chapter 2); 2) Constitutionalism, civil rights and role of a citizen (Chapter 3) and 3) National matters (Chapter 4). The attitudes about each of these areas of the following political parties are defined: Bohemian nobility, National Party (till 1874) or Old Czechs (since then), Young Czechs, Social Democrats, Agrarians, Catholic parties, National Socialists, Progress parties and parties of the Radical State Right, Realists and Anarchists. For the conclusion, the author of the thesis attempts to characterise and evaluating the Czech political representation, as well as its importance for the development since 1918.
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The Emergence of Cartels in the Czech Lands Hop Production, 1890-38
Pojar, Vojtěch ; Kubů, Eduard (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Czech lands were among the largest hop-growing regions in the world. Hop products became, in the interwar period, one of the crucial agricultural export goods of the Czechoslovak economy. This study aims to draw attention to the process of emergence of cartels in this particular branch of agricultural production. It traces the attempts to organize the industry by means of cartels from their very beginning in the late 19th century until the dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1938. As a point of departure, it takes the assumption shared by many theoreticians of industrial organization who argue that the given structure of the industry to some extent pre-determines the ways how the cartels emerge and the particular forms they assume. These institutions, however, might in turn reshape the structure of the industry. The analysis indicates that the cartels in the hop industry were essentially 'children of opportunity' and their emergence was rarely correlated with an economic crisis. Even though the industry gave rise also to international collusive structures, the cartels in the hop industry were essentially unstable and weak and in most cases, the attempts to create them failed. Present study challenges the belief, widely held in the scholarship on cartels in the Czech lands,...
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Progres of Criminal Law in 18th Century in Our Countries
Zavadil, Tomáš ; Malý, Karel (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
Progres of Criminal Law in 18th Century in Our Countries Abstract This thesis attempts to show certain aspects of the progress of the criminal law in the 18th century in the Czech Crown Lands. It mainly focuses on substantive criminal law and captures its evolution by comparison of selected instruments of law contained in analyzed criminal codes, which are sorted in chronological order. The thesis is composed of an introductory, three chapters and a conclusions. The introduction briefly defines topic and basic terminology used in this thesis and also mentions existing literature. The chapter one is subdivided into three parts. The first part deals with the state of the sources of criminal law at the begining of 18th century and than mainly focuses on the codification of the municipal law and also on The Renewed Constitution. Next part of the chapter is aimed at the criminal code of Joseph I and at the criminal code of Maria Theresa, which were published in the 18th century. The last part concentrates on two more criminal codes, namely criminal code of Joseph II and also criminal code of Francis II, both being influenced by the philosophy of the age of enlightenment, while the later being published in the 19th century. The second chapter delivers a summary of selected instruments of substantive criminal law....
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Mills and millers: displaced Neveklov's and Sedlčany's territory on the first half of the 20th century
Kletečková, Lenka ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Mašková Janotová, Šárka (referee)
(in English): I would like to map out a network of mills and their owners in the Neveklovs and Sedlčany's area, which was at the time of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia called displaced territory. First part is about mill trade progress followed mills and millers stories (focused on the first half of the 20th century). Mill trade belongs among important and remarkable part of Czech national history. Totally different mills were produced in Benešov and Neveklov and Sedlčany area which were an inportant part of agro culture and interesting part of landscape. Establishment of the SS military training area meaned tragic time for mills progress. Farmers and millers had a short time to leave their farms and mills. They tried to survive in the very hard time of Germany occupation. All of this will be included in the context of the time and characters.
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Legal forms of persecution of citizens of Protectorate in 1939 - 1945
Tauš, Jan ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
Das in der Diplomarbeit behandelte Thema sowohl unsere nicht längst vergangene Historie sind nicht nur wegen aktueller politischen Situation zu erinnern. Das heutige tschechische Rechtsordnung und Demokratie hält man nämlich für eine Selbstverständlichkeit. Die Diplomarbeit besteht aus dem die Verwaltungs- und Verfassungsrahmen einleitenden Allgemeinteil, dann folgt eine Beschreibung von den konkreten Aspekten der nazistischen Okkupation. Meinem Erachten nach sind einige Aspekte oder Themen viel konkreter zu beschreiben, vor allem die Judenverfolgung, Reinhard Heydrich und Gestapo. Einer der Hauptbeiträgen dieser Diplomarbeit stellt die sich einem bestimmten Region widmende Kapitole dar. Zuerst muss erwähnt werden, dass die staatliche Form "Protektorat" überhaupt nicht dem Wesen der Regierung auf dem seitens Deutschen Reiches im Jahre 1939 gewonnenen Gebiet entspricht. Diese staatliche Form diente nämlich nicht nur einer absoluten wirtschaftlichen Ausnutzung von ökonomischen und menschlichen Ressourcen, sondern auch einer Verfolgung der Menschen wegen ihrer Rasse, politischen Meinung usw. Die Staatsbürger wurden einer neuen Ordnung unterworfen, überall zu finden waren Angst, Hinrichtungen, Drohungen. Abgesehen davon sank bedeutsam das Lebensniveau, wobei die Leute aus der heutigen Sicht unglaublich...
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Selected aspects of the legal regulation and organization of the StB Secret Police between 1945 and 1969
Vyskočil, Zdeněk ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
The broad subject of this diploma thesis would be the Czechoslovak Secret Police (StB) during the years 1945-1969; and, more narrowly, certain aspects of its organization and activities in relation to the then applicable legislation. The overriding objective, which was reflected in this legislation, was the protection of the Communist political system, the regime. This regime protection goal clearly influenced the evolution and organization of the StB and the related policies on the imprisonment of those individuals that represented a threat to the State and the State System. Similar general principles and policies have basically remained in effect into the current period. The paper begins with an Introduction and Preface, which take a look at the events and nature of the society in this post-World War II period. This material is derived from an examination of historical source materials. The remainder of the paper is divided into four additional Chapters with related subsections. The Introduction and Preface focus on the nature and state of the society in the immediate post-war period, which provided the context and background used for the development of the new legislation and the newly created institutions developed for the protection of this new social order and the punishment and incarceration...
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