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Czech - Slovakia: development of each country after the split of Czechoslovakia
Pelikánová, Radka ; Löster, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bílková, Diana (referee)
International comparison is very popular area of statistics, which is used to examine differences in many fields of science. This thesis seeks to apply the concepts of International comparison to the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. Though it has been 20 years since Czech and Slovak Republic separated from each other yet, rivalry exists between the two countries. Particularly, the socio-economic factors contributing to this rivalry have been of interest to economists. To further explore this rivalry, this master thesis aims to describe the difference in evolution of demographic, economic and social indicators that characterize development of countries and standard of living of its population. This paper consists of four main chapters. The first chapter outlines the introduction to time series and describes methods used in the following chapters for analysis of indicators. The second chapter briefly defines monitored indicators in terms of their objectivity, methodology and comparability in both countries. The third chapter analyzes the evolution in time and directly compares the values of indicators. The fourth chapter analyzes the average and median wages in greater detail. These indicators were chosen for analysis as they largely affect the standards of living in both countries. From the perspective of comparison method it is not straightforward to determine that one country has better results in all indicators than the other. Yet, here are two main broad conclusions. First, the notional "scores" are similar for demographic indicators. Second, Czech Republic has better social and economic indicators results then Slovak Republic. The analysis of trend models of average and median wage found that the social gap is widening in both countries. However, after converting to the same exchange rate, it is clear that the wage level is better in Czech Republic then in Slovak Republic.
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Potential output. Econometric application for Czech Republic.
Kyncl, Jan ; Pánková, Václava (advisor) ; Bašta, Milan (referee)
I summarize different methods of potential output and output gap estimation including advantages and disadvantages in this thesis. I also applied two published models on real data for Czech Republic. Concerned models are Hodrick-Prescott filter and so called Production Approach. Both approaches are simultaneously used by ČNB. This thesis offers comparison between HP filter and production approach and comparison of Czech, Austrian and common EU-15 potential output and output gap. Potential output of Austria and EU-15 was obtained from OECD database. Comparison result refers to very similar progress of estimate obtained by univariate and multivariate method. It also shows different trend behavior of domestic economy against more developed EU countries, which is starting to be similar at the end of observed period.
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The Analysis of Development of Military Expenditure of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Mašek, Karel ; Maaytová, Alena (advisor) ; Klazar, Stanislav (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis called "The Analysis of Development of Military Expenditure of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland" is to evaluate the military expenditure of the United Kingdom with regards to changes which rose after the general election results in year 2010. In the first section theoretical definitions, historic and military-economic development of the United Kingdom are described. The second part is describing the defence reviews and the conclusions of current white paper are summarized. It also analysis the development in time, structure of defence expenditure according to purpose, evaluation of British troops participating in selected international military operations as well as the status of the United Kingdom among NATO members regarding the fulfilment of the commitment to NATO of spending at least 2% of GDP on Defence. The final part is dedicated to the international comparison of 15 countries with the highest military expenditure.
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Analysis of gender in/equality in the European Union
Grygárková, Eva ; Fiala, Petr (advisor) ; Kuncová, Martina (referee)
This thesis analyzes the issue of gender in/equality in the European Union from the quantitative as well as from the qualitative perspective. For the calculations of the defined tasks methods of multi-criteria decision with software for SANNA, working in conjunction with MS Excel, were used. This study analyzes and provides an overview of the arrangement of individual EU countries in terms of gender in/equality using selected indicators. The main variable in this study is sex. In terms of socio-cultural context equality or inequality between men and women is then analyzed -- gender in/equality. The first part introduces the terminology of gender in/equality. The next chapter describes selected qualitative factors in the analysis. Following is an overview of the quantitative tools, multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives. The last part is devoted to description of real variants and to calculations according to the individual areas (labour market, poverty and education).
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Internet gambling - Social Phenomenon of modern Age
Michalec, Ivan ; Kincl, Tomáš (advisor) ; Přibil, Jiří (referee)
First part of this thesis is focusing on history of internet gambling and its shift to the online environment. Other chapter is about psychological aspects which affects the approach to the gambling the most in many different environments with major focus on the online gambling and its characteristic differences. Main goal of this thesis is the evaluation of the present state of the regulation of internet gambling in some of the countries around the world and their comparison with the situation in Czech Republic. One of the outcomes is the summary of recommendations which should be taking into consideration while creating the new gaming act.
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International comparison of small-sized public contracts
Rističová, Sara ; Pavel, Jan (advisor) ; Vítek, Leoš (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the area of small-sized public contracts. It deals with their significance and problems surrounding them. While using international comparison, it tries to prove the benevolentness of the Czech legal frame in the relation to the public procurement methods, the assessment of public contracts and public control. Small-sized public contracts are observed from different views, such as thresholds of public contracts, general and specific rules during contracting and control system. In addition, the thesis observes new trends in the field of public procurement (central purchasing authorities and procurement to small and medium enterprises). On the basis of the mentioned criterions, there is the effort to bring a complex view of procurement in other countries (of the European Union and the United States of America) and suggest new ideas to Czech system. In the end, the selected countries are ranked by the international index of Transparency International and World Bank. On the other hand, the ranking is confronted with own-made criterions.
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The first land reform 1919
Korolus, Václav ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
The interwar Czechoslovak agrarian reform was put in motion to improve national agriculture production by way of the redistribution of the estates. The second goal was to eliminate the unwanted influence of the foreign (German and Hungarian) landlords. This huge project was held from 1919 untill it was officialy ended in 1935, but the idea of the land reform was significant in Czechoslovakia for a much longer period (mostly after World War II. and during the restitution processes). The interwar landreform changed more than 29% of Czechoslovakia (more than 4 million hectares were confiscated). Approximately one half of this amount was assigned to the alienees, the second half remained in the hands of the former owners. Both of the main goals were accomplished by this huge transfer of property. The smallest homesteads were extended using the land from the largest estates and became more effective. The properties of the landlords were decreased in size by one half and their influence on the national economy was reduced. Despite some imperfections in the reform laws and how they were carried out, the main targets were accomplished and I assume this project was successful. Better outcomes could be reached only with different conditions, like a longer period of time. In a comparison of other similar reforms, the Czechoslovak land reform was the third largest (after Russian and Romanian).
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Význam institucionálního prostředí pro zemědělskou výrobu
Minárik, Pavol ; Šíma, Josef (advisor) ; Chalupníček, Pavel (referee)
The paper examines significance of institutional environment for agricultural production. It adds to the extensive research of agricultural production functions. First, it reviews relevant theory of institutional economics that explains how institutions contribute to productivity in general, especially if interpreted as economic freedom. Then, a model of agricultural production is presented, which explains aggregate agricultural production using various inputs, as well as variables representing institutional environment. Results concerning elasticities of material inputs (land, labor, capital) are consistent with previous research. The paper proves some significance of institutional variables. Finally, it suggests some directions for further research.
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Potencial and competitive advantage of Czech tourism in international comparison
Zulkovská, Zuzana ; Petrů, Zdenka (advisor) ; Straková, Ivana (referee)
Práce se zabývá konkurenceschopností cestovní ruchu v České republice a hodnotí schopnost uspět na mezinárodním trhu cestovního ruchu. Hodnotí SWOT analýzou silné a slabé stránky a upozorňuje na možné příležitosti a ohrožení, které mohou v budoucnosti nastat. Důležitou součástí je komparace s jinými evropskými destinacemi, byly vybrány Rakousko, Německo, Maďarsko, Chorvatsko. Autorka provedla vzájemnou komparaci destinací pomocí metod z vícekriteriálního hodnocení variant, běžnou v manažerském rozhodování. Cílem diplomové práce je dokázat konkurenceschopnost České republiky v mezinárodní komparaci a upevnit tak její místo v rámci mezinárodním cetovním ruchu.
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