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Charitable Activities of the Congregation of the School Sisters of Notre Dame in the Czech Republic in the Light of the Social Teaching of the Church
KLEMPOVÁ, Martina Kateřina
The work deals with the activities of the Congregation of the School Sisters of Notre Dame in the territory of the Czech Republic in the light of the social doctrine of the Church, with focus on charitable activities. The first part of the thesis presents the life of St. Augustine who formulated the monastic rules which gave the base for the constitution of the Congregation of the School Sisters of Notre Dame. The work is also devoted to St. Peter Fourier and beatified Alix Le Clerc who founded an order called Canonesses of St. Augustine of the Congregation de Notre Dame in France at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries. The next part of the work deas with Gabriel Schneider, a zealous priest, who introduced the Congregation of the Poor School Sisters of Notre Dame to Bohemia, and at the same time focuses on the activities of the Congregation of the School Sisters of Notre Dame in České Budějovice from 1871 to the present. The second part of the work deals with the monastic life and activities of the School Sisters of Notre Dame by St. Josef in Č. Budějovice, and at the same time describes the charitable activities of the Congregation. The third part of the work discusses the Social Doctrine of the Church, both in terms of its meaning and development, as well as its principles: caritas, personality, solidarity, subsidiarity and the common good. The last part of the work connects the principles of the Social Doctrine of the Church with the constitution and with the charitable activities of the Congregation.
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Transfer prices: meaning and definition from constitutional law perspective
Hájek, Jan ; Marková, Hana (advisor) ; Mrkývka, Petr (referee) ; Sejkora, Tomáš (referee)
140 Transfer prices: meaning and definition from constitutional law perspective Abstract The thesis deals with the problem of the definition of transfer prices in the substantive tax law, which in general terms it puts in connection with the constitutional requirements arising from the theory of law and normative formation. Thus, the basic grounds for the regulation of transfer pricing in Act No. 586/1992 Coll., on Income Taxes and the OECD Model Double Tax Convention as primary sources of law, legislative definition of this area in domestic and international tax law are defined. These are further elaborated into the detailed level of the methodology of determining the transfer price, which follows from the Instruction of the General Tax Directorate D - 34 and the OECD Transfer Pricing Guideline, and are also subjected to a critical examination in terms of their legal bindingness, position in the legal system, but also from the perspective of the rule of law maxim in the sense of the clarity of the law and its predictability. On the basis of the submitted argumentation, it is concluded that none of the above-mentioned documents defining the procedure by which the transfer price is to be determined is a binding source of law a limine and will always constitute only a non-binding instruction or guide to its...
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Constitutional quarantees of territorial self-government
Borovička, Roman ; Hřebejk, Jiří (advisor) ; Mlsna, Petr (referee)
Constitutional guarantees of territorial self-government Abstract The aim of this diploma thesis is to present selected institutes of constitutional and administrative law, which are connected with territorial self-government and which guarantee territorial self-governing units their existence and functioning, analysis and evaluation of application of these institutes in practice, warning of their potential difficulties, or proposal their modifications or improvements so as to provide sufficient legal guarantees for independent activities and the existence of local self-government in the Czech Republic. The method of selective literary research is applied in the diploma thesis. Materials related to its topic are used for the elaboration of the work, mainly works from the branches of constitutional law, administrative or municipal law, corresponding legal acts and comments. The method of observation was also used, in which the author tries to find out how the individual institutes, which are in any way connected with the issue of constitutional guarantees of local government, behave in reality, approach their main purpose and also analyse their real effectiveness thanks to elements of the analytical method. in particular through the broad case law of the Constitutional Court. The author of the thesis adds...
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Kurdistan Regional Government: Internal Constrains and Failed Quest for Independence
Hussein, Nuha ; Doboš, Bohumil (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
Since 2003, Iraq went into a significant shift of political authority in which many political parties fighting for leadership failed to keep peace in the region; however, for many - like ruling parties in Kurdistan Region of Iraq - a golden compass was in the pot to gain more authority high political positions in the region. The new Iraqi Constitution recognized KRG as an autonomous entity of Iraq, and Kurdish politicians were taking high political positions within the new Iraqi government. Despite these achievements, the political instability post-Iraq War remained and was shaped by internal factors like security, economy, and unresolved issues over disputed territories. Regional and international interventions also had a hand in these internal conflicts. For Kurdistan Regional Government, the question of Kurdish statehood never dissipated. The internal political setting post-2010 provided an environment of possible Kurdish statehood - or at least as the Kurdish leaders anticipated. In 2017, the KRG went for an unsupported referendum of independence that soon shifted the political dynamic between Kurdish parties and Baghdad into a turmoil of power struggle. The thesis builds a comprehensive discussion of factors of internal conflict in the KRG and analyzes how these internal disputes affected...
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Development of the Presidential Office in the Czech Republic
Šváblová, Sára ; Hájek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the development of the presidential office from 1918, when the Czechoslovak Republic was founded, to 2018. In particular, it focuses on presidential powers. The purpose of the first part is to describe and trace, on the basis of constitutional texts, the changes in the individual competences of the head of state, as well as changes in his or her electability and accountability, and to place them in the context of constitutional development in the Czech lands. The aim is to present information about the presidential office in a clear and comprehensible way. The second part of the thesis focuses on a comparative analysis of specific powers. The thesis focuses on four presidential powers: the right to reverse a law or the right of veto, amnesty and pardon, and the appointment and dismissal of the government. The comparative analysis is conducted from the perspective of the constitutions and focuses on the distinctive elements of these powers. The aim is to assess, on the basis of the elements being compared, under which constitution the presidency was strongest in that particular power.
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Immunities in the Constitutional System of Czech Republic
Malcová, Barbora ; Kudrna, Jan (advisor) ; Jirásková, Věra (referee)
Immunities in the Constitutional System of Czech Republic The thesis Immunities in the Constitutional System of Czech Republic examines the enshrinement of the immunity of selected public officials in domestic legal system. The essay describes the objective state of legislation as well as the development of academic view of the system of exceptions and the attitude of the persons, in whose favor the element works. After a short introduction, whose purpose is to outline some possible opinions and generally believed myths about parliamentary immunity; the thesis explains some terms related to the institute - material immunity, procedural immunity, and procedural exemption. The main body of the paper reviews the individual types of immunities in detail. The first chapter discusses the Members of Parliament - the immunity of the Deputies and the Senators. It shows the evolution of the constitutional basis to the institute, presents the current form of Article in the Constitution with a numerous cases when the immunity of an MP was removed by the Parliament. It also deals with the connection of the constitutional articles to the rules of procedure of the Chambers. The thesis describes selected problematic aspects of the institute, and demonstrates a number of those with historical and present court...
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Reflection of the referendum and change of the constitution in Belarus 2004 in the Czech press
Drahovzalová, Michala ; Příhoda, Marek (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the referendum and constitutional change in Belarus in 2004 and the response of these events in the Czech press. The first part is theoretical, trying to define the form of the current political regime of Lukashenka's Belarus. The second part chronologically charts the political development in the country. This chapter covers the period shortly before the collapse of the Soviet Union, the events of the nineties and the turn of the century followed by the discussed referendum and constitutional change. The third part provides an analysis of the Czech press - selected newspapers, socio-political magazines and professional journals - with an emphasis on their response to the referendum and related events.
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Comparison of the Position of the Presidents of Poland and Slovakia
Klapal, Ondřej ; Just, Petr (advisor) ; Kubátová, Hana (referee)
Bachelor thesis "Comparison of the Position of Presidents of Poland and Slovakia" compares positions of the heads of states of the two neighbouring countries. It focuses mainly on the Third Polish Republic and the independent Slovak Republic but it deals with previous periods too. Due to the fact that the classification of the countries as parliamentarism or semi-presidentialism is one of the aims of the thesis, one part focuses on theory of these democratic political systems and position of presidents in them. Constitutional powers in relation to other parts of state power are not the only problem analyzed. Part of the thesis describes also the real position of the presidents. Comparison of constitutional and real powers of presidents of Poland and Slovakia verified thesis that Polish president is more powerful than his Slovak counterpart, but it can be applied only for real powers. Their constitutional powers are similar.
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