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Legal regulation of the disposal of genetically modified organisms
Musílková, Jana ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Žákovská, Karolina (referee)
Legislation of genetically modified organisms treatment This thesis deals with the problems of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), especially with the legislation that governs handling them, including international conventions, community law as well as Czech law. At first, an outline of the term GMO is sketched, continued by the description of its use, possible risks and their mitigation. A genetically modified organism (GMO) is a viable organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques for the sake of obtaining new desired properties or eliminating undesired ones. GMOs have widespread applications. They are used in biological and medical research, production of pharmaceutical drugs, experimental medicine and, especially in agriculture and food production. They may have many advantages such as resistance against herbicides and insects and high nutrition content, but they use of GMOs may possess risks as well. The concern about the harm to human health or the environment revolves around disputed or unavailable evidence on the risk posed by GMOs. GMOs also provoke a complex range of ethical, political and socio-economical changes. That's why it seems be necessary to regulate it legally to reach peace in this area. Two different attitudes to GMOs have evolved. The first...
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Information society - risks and needs to ensure user´s use of eGovernment and electronic services in Czech republic
Host, Daniel ; Doucek, Petr (advisor) ; Fischer, Roman (referee)
This bachelor thesis is dedicated to an overview of potential risks and threats emerging to citizen (considered in this term as user) as a part of information society. These threats are possible to come across with using public administration information systems or electronic systems and services provided by private sector subjects. For establishing and developing information society were accepted several state information politics which were further supported by passing laws. Theses also gives the list with some state institutions which arose and are based on chosen laws related to information society, securing and protecting citizens' electronic identity from misuse. In further sections, there are public administration information systems described, also their principle and contribution for citizens, overview of chosen web-applications and services of eGovernment with overview of web-services of private sector institutions that can be met by citizen (user) on the Internet. In most cases, "common" user of services available on the Internet is not aware enough of potential risks and threats that he can come across. Therefore it's important for any user wanting to take advantages of services of public administration or private sector to have a certain amount of knowledge that will help user prevent such threats and risks. List of most common threats for user is also provided with explanation of how the user's computer can be infiltrated or attacked. For preventing infiltration and attacks are usually required special programs. Thesis gives a brief manual for user of most common programs each focused on chosen threat with some practical pieces of advice.
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Vision and reality in solving longterm unemployment (Focus on municipal territory of Prague 9, 14 and 20)
Včeláková, Michaela ; Tomeš, Igor (advisor) ; Víšek, Petr (referee)
Vize je definována jako vidění vztahující se k budoucímu, resp. vzdálenému, vnímání nedostupnému. Je výsledkem schopnosti předvídat nebo živě si něco představovat, vybavovat. Realita oproti tomu představuje věcnost, skutečné bytí něčeho (věci, podstaty aneb jen vlastnosti), tedy skutečnost proti toliko pomyšlenému (idealitě). V oblasti dlouhodobé nezaměstnanosti České republiky je jednou z vizí naplňování cílů Evropské strategie zaměstnanosti, a v této souvislosti pak snaha o její minimalizaci. Úplné odstranění dlouhodobé nezaměstnanosti je představou nereálnou. Realitou zůstává, že počet dlouhodobě nezaměstnaných v ČR je ve srovnání s ostatními členskými státy Evropské unie stále vysoký. V podmínkách českého trhu práce, v souvislosti s dlouhodobou nezaměstnaností je také realitou, že stále existují lidé, kteří chtějí být dlouhodobě nezaměstnanými. Výrazné propojení trhu práce se sociálním systémem je nutné z toho důvodu, že dnes fungují v nerovnováze. Stále se velkému množství lidí vyplatí využívat sociálních dávek, aniž by byli nuceni aktivnějším přístupem svoji situaci řešit. Systém musí být více motivující, pracovní trh je stále málo pružný. Výše uvedené skutečnosti, vlastní poznatky a zkušenosti nabyté v souvislosti s problematikou dlouhodobé nezaměstnanosti, mne přivedly k rozhodnutí, věnovat se...
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Optimization of the Determination of Septonex in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis with Use of Organic Solvents as Additives in the Background Electrolyte
Šindelková, Martina ; Pospíšilová, Marie (referee) ; Polášek, Miroslav (advisor)
OPTIMIZATION OF THE DETERMINATION OF SEPTONEX IN PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS BY CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS WITH USE OF ORGANIC SOLVENTS AS ADDITIVES IN THE BACKGROUND ELECTROLYTE A new method of capillary zone electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection for the determination of septonex in pharmaceutical preparations was devised. Optimal conditions for the separation and determination of septonex were: background electrolyte 30mM MES of pH 7.0 (adjusted with 200mM TRIS) containing 12.5mg/ml of (2- hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin and 20% (volume), voltage 25kV, temperature 25řC and sample injection for 6 seconds under the pressure of 50mbar. Arginin (200µg/ml) was used as internal standard. The peak of septonex was satisfactorily separated from the peak of internal standard as well as from the EOF. The analysis was carried out in a fused-silica capillary (internal diameter 50μm, total length 75cm and the length to the detector 45cm). The separation took less than 5 minutes and the overall analysis time involving appropriate rinsing of the capillary was less than 13 minutes. The calibration curve was linear in the range 75µg/ml - 400µg/ml of septonex, correlation coefficient r = 0.9997. The LOD was 13,5μg/ml and LOQ was 45μg/ml of septonex. The method is applicable for qualitative as...
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Health protection at work, legislative measures
Tomíšková, Radka ; Kneidlová, Monika (advisor)
Health at work (occupational health) are characterized as physical, mental, and social well-being at work. The requirement to ensure that value in terms of economic efforts increasing the quantity and quality of production, while minimizing its costs, not in everyday the reality of business practices perceived as a priority despite the economic analysis shows that rational health workers is approximately one tenth the cost of financial economic loss caused by occupational accidents and diseases associated with the work. In the Czech Republic are quantified losses annually due to occupational accidents and CZK 25 billion occupational diseases CZK 2.5 billion. Increasingly growing belief that health and safety at work (occupational health and safety) primarily focused on the prevention of health risks and the protection and promotion of health has a positive economic effect on the national and enterprise level. Worker health (healthy worker) is essential to effective job performance for employers. Health workers should be adequately protected, but the long-term maintenance ability and adequate performance at work, along with the requirement to preserve health at work requires not only the "passive" form, but active approach called concept health promotion. (3) In the Czech Republic the health and safety at...
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Liability of an employer for damage
Valná, Zuzana ; Štefko, Martin (advisor) ; Hůrka, Petr (referee)
Resume This diploma work is geared to one of the distinguish part of the Employment law - The employer's liability for damage and its comparison with representative countries of European Union. At first place I've chosen for comparison the representative of anglo-american law system - Great Britain. Another state that I've selected for detailed matching is Slovakia which law system is based on the mutual basis of Czechoslovakia state. Other Member States of EU are touch on, except the Chapter about liability for industrial injury and professional diseases. In this chapter there is a view of more European states, with some glance into the countries outside EU and complete construction of damages this specific harms on health for their own importance. In constituent chapters I concentrate on categorization of the responsibility in Employment law as sub-category of Liability, its evolution with focus on the protective elements of employment legislation and on interpretation of this therm as one of the fundamental institute of law. The following chapters enumerate the types of liability which we can encounted in Employment Law and introduce their further explanation, the sense and separation to the various point of view, especially in accordance with types of injuries. The decision point of this diploma is...
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Spatial survey of liquidity of european companies
Bláha, Tomáš ; Marek, Petr (advisor) ; Brabenec, Tomáš (referee)
The content of this thesis is a spatial survey of liquidity through indexes like current ratio, quick ratio, cash ratio and working capital / assets. Result of this survey is that the most liquid companies are in Ireland, Germany and Finland. Companies with the lowest value of indexes are in Cyprus, Latvia and Italy. When comparing the industry I found that the most liquid sectors are DL Manufacture of electrical and optical equipment, CA Mining and quarrying of energy producing materials and CB Mining and quarrying, except of energy producing materials. On the other hand the lowest liquidity was measured in sector DA Manufacture of food products, beverages and Tobago, DD Manufacture of wood and wood products and DF Manufacture of coke, refined petroleum products and nuclear fuel. Czech companies have reached in this investigation very good results and place the fifth place.
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Health Promotion in the Workplace in Concrete Conditions of a Textile Producing Company
PRŮCHOVÁ, Pavla
I prepared my thesis on Health Support at Workplaces under Particular Conditions of a Textile Factory. The main objective was to determine the company management?s activities in the field of health support. The second objective was to map the information provided to the staff on health support at the workplace, and the third objective was to propose the concept of a specific preventive programme. When preparing the concept of the preventive programme for the textile company I co-operated with the company management and with the company doctor. The reference group was represented by women employed in a textile plant in South Bohemia who worked in different workshops producing car seat covers, housing and children?s clothing. The work described in this thesis was carried out as quantitative research. For data collection I used anonymous questionnaires and the results of this research were plotted on graphs. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part and an empirical part. The theoretical part mainly deals with health support at the workplace, with an analysis of health risks at work including the impact of physical factors. At the beginning of the empirical part I set the goals and set out three hypotheses. Having analysed the collected data I found that H1, H2 and H3 were confirmed. The empirical section includes a description of the research technique which shows that more than 50 per cent of employees of the textile factory are overweight, then that there is a greater occurrence of health problems in the departments of sewing and embroidery machines and many women also had no idea of the meaning of health support at the workplace. According to the results it is possible to say that the textile company does not organize any physical activities or rehabilitative exercises for their employees. Based on the information I would recommend organizing sports courses, providing healthy canteen meals, reducing stress at the workplace and introducing dust extractors in order to reduce dust at the workplace. This thesis may bring the company better working comfort and help to improve the employees? health. The proposed preventive programme can also be a manual for employers in the textile plant in the field of health support at the workplace.
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Bullying of pupils in primary school
Košťálová, Pavla ; Walterová, Eliška (advisor) ; Kraus, Blahoslav (referee) ; Pilař, Jiří (referee)
This dissertation work on the subject bullying in elementary schools is divided into two parts - theoretical and empirieal. In the theoretical part I primarily define the basic terms, that is what bullying is, who is the perpetrator and who is the victim, specifying their personál characteristics, family relations and their position in the group. I continue with classification of types of bullying (explaining why I have chosen the classification for my research Parryho a Caringtona) and with grades of bullying. The main object of theoretical part is description the problém and an inquiry into bullying on the family level, on the school level and on the police level. There is no generál method how to solve bullying on the family level. In my work I only mention recommendations proven by practice: What the parents can and should do for their children and what rights they have. There is even no generál method how to eliminate bullying in schools. I compare in my work the method proposed Pothem a Kolářem. The method of a solution to bullying on the police level, rights and duties of policemen, criminologists and sPecialists is determined by laws and the method instruction of the chief of police. In the conclusion of the theoretical part there is a table where the differences between the solution of bullying on...
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Fulfilling the criteria for saturation of the patient's needs
ŠTOKROVÁ, Veronika
The thesis deals with the realization of the criteria for saturation of the patient's needs. In the current system of nursing care, the principles of modern nursing are failing to realize and therefore we want to find out the main obstacles of this situation and the possibilities of their removal. For the purpose of the thesis there were set three objectives. The first of them has set the objective of finding out the most common problems in meeting the criteria for saturation of the patient's needs. The research showed that the nurses see the problem in a lack of staff at the wards, a lack of time, excess of documentation, excessive demands for nurses. The purpose of the second objective was to find out what supports the realization of the criteria for saturation of the patient's needs. Results have shown that what helps nurses is a positive work environment, motivation, nurse´s personality, own scale of values, salary, good leadership, organization, nursing care. The third objective was to find out the opinion of nurses on meeting the criteria for saturation of the patient's needs. It turned out that the majority of respondents think that nurses do not effectively satisfy all the needs of patients for a number of reasons: there are few nurses and they are overloaded, the nurses do their best but still cannot satisfy all the patients´ needs. We also found out that the higher patients´ needs are omitted. Less than a third of the nurses indicated that nurses effectively meet all the patients´ needs. For the qualitative part of the research, we set two research questions in advance. Which criteria nurses use in patients´ needs saturation? The research showed that time, which is very valuable for nurses and very often is in short supply, is an important criteria for the saturation of the patient's needs. Furthermore, it is knowledge and manual dexterity when nurses additionally reported a lack of education of some nurses especially within the nursing process. As the next criteria, it was mentioned the cooperation with the patient as it is necessary to engage patient himself in care planning. The next criteria is monitoring of the patient´s response, which is included in every phase of the nursing process. Furthermore, the nurses agreed on criteria, which include communication as a key skill of every nurse, then individual care, a suitable environment and utilities, education, critical thinking, effective nursing process and empathy. The second research question tried to find out which obstacles prevent nurses in effective saturation of the patients´ needs. We found out that nurses are concerned about a lack of staff at wards and the excess of administrative load, which is related to a lack of time for patients. These three factors are also obstacles for nurses and prevent them from effective satisfying of the patients´ needs. The next obstacles in satisfying the needs are burnout, reluctance of nurses to work, excessive demands for nurses, poor workplace relationships, a lack of evaluation both in a form of praise and appreciation, and finance. We also found a lack of information, which is related to a lack of time, as nurses do not have a chance to collect all the information concerning the patient. As another possible obstacle, nurses also mentioned personal problems. The results of the thesis can be used as a small contribution to currently ongoing effort of the Czech Association of Nurses.
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