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Gallicisms in Russian language
Pelikán, Simona ; Kitzlerová, Jana (advisor) ; Stranz-Nikitina, Veronika (referee)
PELIKÁN, Simona, Bc.: Gallicisms in Russian language [Master Thesis]. Charles University. Faculty of Arts; Institute of East European Studies. Master thesis instructor: Mgr. Jana KITZLEROVÁ, Ph.D. Graduate degree designation: Master (Mgr.). Praha, UK, FF, ÚVES, 2016. Pages 116. The subject of thesis is to analyze the issues of gallicisms in Russian language. It focuses mainly on the frequency of gallicisms in Russian during the various stages of historical development from the first contact of languages to the present. The aim of this work is to determine as well as explain the French influence on Russian vocabulary, explore today's language situation and demonstrate acquired knowledge on selected lexical units grouped in the final analysis of the thesis. In introduction, the work is devoted to the characteristics of historical relations between Russia and France. It concentrates particularly on the important milestones in the historical development of Russia limited by the reign of specific sovereigns. The thesis then describes the theoretical knowledge of linguistic borrowings and loan words in Russian. It also defines the specific attributes of French loan words in Russian language and their level of adaptation. In the section devoted to the analysis of selected gallicisms, the work generalizes...
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Mistakes in Acquisition of Serbian as a Foreign Language
Stojanovičová, Zorica ; Jirásek, Karel (advisor) ; Stranjik, Helena (referee)
(in English): Our master's thesis deals with errors that students do during the acquisition of Serbian language. We focused on the grammatical but also on the spelling aspects of the Serbian language. The data from students were collected in form of questionnaire, test and translation. These were filled in by fifty respondents whose mother tongue was mainly Czech and six respondents had Russian language as their mother tongue. Language proficiency of Serbian was between levels A1 and C2. However, native speakers of Serbian had Czech as their second mother tongue. Interlanguage and intralingual interference were also the matter of our error analysis. Because of that we were also interested in other Slavic languages that our respondents speak. The aim of our thesis is to find out what kind of errors students of Serbian language do. Through this we would like to help both the students in more efficient language learning and the teachers to overcome the errors made by students and thereby contribute to the improvement of their language skills.
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Linguistic aspects of the information science in the application of the recent technical language with emphasis on anatomical terminology
Musil, Vladimír ; Stingl, Josef (advisor) ; Feberová, Jitka (referee) ; Bozděchová, Ivana (referee)
Although anatomical terminology is in use for more than 2000 years, its first official publication achieved in 1895. The need for development of cogent nomenclature arose due to the high level of synonyms labeling individual anatomical structures. Thus towards the end of the 19th century existed more then 50 000 terms describing approximately 5 000 known structures at that time. Such synonymity caused and still causes chaos, especially in the research activities field. The reason for this is fact that most of the research performed not directly by medical field specialists but also information field specialists does not respect the historical evolution of terms. More, it mixes them according to different issues of the official terminologies. Also, further making the research activity complicated is wrong use of anatomical terms, lack of knowledge and misuse of latine grammary and last but not least americanization of the latine terms. Another hot topic is non existence of the official Czech anatomical terminology. This leads to increased tendency of neologisms formation which in turn causes increase of synonymities. Our study demonstrates above mentioned problems on examples from selected human body structures like locomotory and circulatory systems: bursas, 33 selected skeletal muscles, VIIIth cranial...
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The anglicisms in the function of journalese
Horáková, Markéta ; Jirák, Jan (advisor) ; Šoltys, Otakar (referee)
This diploma thesis primarily deals with anglicisms in magazines Bravo, Cosmopolitan and Popcorn in 1994, 2004 and 2014 in terms of linguistic, journalistic and pragmatic point of view. The thesis is divided into two main parts: theoretical and analytical. The theoretical part provides an interpretation focusing on the issue of acceptance of English loanwords into the Czech language, their work with them, their eventual integration into the language and stylistic force in the Czech articles. Finally, it takes into account the pragmatic aspect of the texts. The analytical part presents and explains specific examples of anglicisms in the selected magazines, works with adapting processes, and also shows its pragmatic and journalistic functions. On the basis of particular examples from selected magazines, the aim of this thesis is to describe the role of anglicisms in the texts, the way they are treated in the texts, how they are changed in order to serve the journalistic purposes, and how they influence the final form of media content, respectively the whole language system.
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Integration of bilingual and foreign children into kindergartens
Smith, Ember ; Špačková, Klára (advisor) ; Valentová, Hana (referee)
Annotation: The bachelor's thesis focuses on the issues of foreign and bilingual children in relation to their integration into kindergartens in the Czech Republic. The main goal of the thesis is to find out to what degree the teachers are prepared to work with children from foreign backgrounds, but to also analyze specific ways and techniques of working with these children. The theoretical section will be devoted to the definition of core concepts and the summary of existing knowledge on the subject. It mostly focuses on bilingualism, but also on the specifics of communication with preschool aged children from foreign language environments. The practical section will be based on a survey of teachers in kindergartens. In the conclusion statement, the author, in addition to a summary of collected data, will summarize the basic recommendations for the integration of children from foreign language environments into kindergarten. Key words: Language development, bilingualism, foreign language environment, language rich environment, integration, communication, multiculturalism, kindergarten, preschool age, linguistics
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Teaching vocabulary
Havránková, Anna ; Klinka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šuman, Záviš (referee)
This thesis presents different points of view on vocabulary. Its aim is to define its role in language teaching. There are four main chapters in the theoretical part: history of methodologies, psychological and neurolinguistic aspects of teaching, fields of vocabulary knowledge and finally stages of vocabulary teaching. The work addresses both the historical development and current tendencies. In the practical part, we first made a didactic analysis of selected textbooks which deal with vocabulary. Furthermore, a selected range of vocabulary (family) was analysed according to the techniques of introducing, semantisation and practicing activities. Several shortcomings were revealed, such as lack of information about the pronunciation, word grammar, register, audio recordings and especially dearth of language skills nowadays often emphasised in Europe. The last part of this work was to create a separate file for teaching the topic of family, so that on the one hand it corresponds to the theoretical knowledge and on the other hand, is based on an analysis of textbooks. Therefore it was possible to demonstrate their applicability to the given range of vocabulary. The aim of the thesis was to define the role of vocabulary in teaching, which we did not do only in methodology, but also in linguistics and...
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Transcription of the French Toponyms into Russian
Tomová, Simona ; Kitzlerová, Jana (advisor) ; Lendělová, Věra (referee)
TOMOVÁ, Simona: Transcription of the French Toponyms into Russian [Bachelor Thesis]. Charles University. Faculty of Arts; Institute of East European Studies. Bachelor thesis instructor: Mgr. Jana KITZLEROVÁ, Ph.D. Graduate degree designation: Bachelor (Bc.). Praha, UK, FF, ÚVES, 2014. Pages 67. The subject of thesis is to analyze the transcription of the French toponyms into Russian. In the introduction, the work is devoted to the characteristics of analyzed languages and it defines the essential differences between French and Russian in their classification, orthography and phonetics. It mainly focuses on the differences in phonetic systems of the languages, which are crucial for the issue of transcription. The thesis then defines the development, use and types of the transcription and discusses the methods to transcribe one language system to another. The thesis also defines the main principles for transcription from the Latin script into the Cyrillic script. In the section devoted to the analysis of transcription, work assigns the selected toponyms to the each type of transcription and it explains how the transcription rules were used. By this method, it is possible to highlight the diversity of the principles applied in the transcribed geographical names. The thesis is accompanied by French -...
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Lost in Translation - Comparison of Czech translations of The Da Vinci Code
Vébrová, Lucie ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Holanová, Radka (referee)
Bachelor thesis describes the problems of translation experience which are then specified and analyzed in text translation of the novel The Da Vinci Code by Dan Brown. It focuses mainly on proper names, anagrams, puzzles, riddles and puns, substitutions, terms, idioms, neologisms, supplemented by information beyond the original, omissions from original text, units conversions, cultural differences, formality and informality and last but not least, the mistakes in translation.
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Anoikonyms and microanoikonyms in the Žďársko region
Foralová, Michaela ; Hájková, Eva (advisor) ; Janovec, Ladislav (referee)
This thesis focuses on 375 minor place-names (hydronyms, oronyms and land names) in the region of Žďársko. The origin of 185 anoikonyms is studied from a linguistic aspect for the first time; the other names are taken from my bachelor thesis. The objective of this thesis is to determine the origin of given minor place-names. The required information was searched in various printed materials, journals and also on the Internet. As an important source for examination several local witnesses have been interviewed and consultation with experts in onomastic was conducted. Methods such as collection, analysis and interpretation of the collected data were used in this thesis. Consequently, after the origin was clarified, the anoikonyms were analyzed according to the so called model theory - it was assigned to individual relational and structural models or types. This thesis aims for systematical approach to minor place-names and their preservation for future generations.
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Euphemismus in Contemporary Russian Language
Egortchenko, Daria ; Kitzlerová, Jana (advisor) ; Stiessová, Jitka (referee)
This thesis describes the issue of the use of euphemisms in contemporary Russian language. It is aims to determine thematic areas in which euphemisms are used in contemporary Russian and compare it with conclusions of previous research. Another purpose of the research is determine function of euphemisms for particular thematic areas and compare frequency of incidence of euphemisms in lifestyle magazines for woman and newspaper with extensive target group. Material for the research was derived from the Russian press. Collected examples have not been used in previous studies. Based on theoretical findings thematic areas of using euphemisms and their functions were determined. Collected examples were explored from several perspectives - function, thematic areas they were used for, connection between context and perception of particular name as euphemism, description in the literature etc. One of the conclusions of this thesis is finding that there are thematic areas where euphemisms are used in contemporary Russian that have not been described in the literature. It has been determined that thematic areas of euphemisms incidence and frequency of their use were differed according to sort of periodicals they were found in. In case of frequent occurrence of particular euphemism can be regarded as its...
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