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Concept of the four seasons in Czech language
Pevná, Lucie ; Janovec, Ladislav (advisor) ; Chejnová, Pavla (referee)
The diploma thesis explores the four seasons from the view point of the linguistic picture of the world theory. The etholinguistic approach is applied in the thesis - attention is paid to the Czech-specific perception of reality especially focused on the weather and the changes of the nature in the course of the four seasons. Human perception of the change is based upon the senses - the sense of hearing, the sense of smell, and touch and the eyesight. Each season is unique. The seasons can be differentiated by their season specific stereotypes, season prototypes, and connotations. On the linguistic pictures of each season collocations are built, from which new lexical items originate, describing the season as such. Due to anthropocentrism we perceive individual astronomical and meteorological issues as personified items to which we ascribe human behaviour and human qualities. The motto of the thesis says: "I will not do the spring sowing next year. " The motto denotes the interaction of two conceptual schemata (the scheme of a cycle and the scheme of a journey) realizing the fact that the natural cycle corresponds in our mental representation with the phases of human life. The difference between the concepts is that man always reaches the terminal point of his journey unlike the nature constantly...
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Phrasems in Norwegian and Czech - A Comparison from the Cognitive Linguistics Perspective
Payneová, Marie ; Štajnerová, Petra (advisor) ; Vaňková, Irena (referee)
In this thesis we deal with the analysis of expressions - in particular the metaphorical and phraseological expressions - containing a motive of an animal in Czech and Norwegian. The method is based on cognitive linguistics, mainly on the Polish ethnolinguistic school, with a special focus on the definition of metaphor and symbol from the point of view of the philosophical hermeneutics. We describe and support some common principles of the perception and conceptualization of animals in both languages and we focus on semantic connections concerning this topic. Our main focus is on the expression wolf - we compare the linguistic picture of the world of this controversial animal in Czech and Norwegian.
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Abstract tasks in birds - spatial vs non-spatial tasks
Janská, Iveta ; Landová, Eva (advisor) ; Vlček, Kamil (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to compare spatial cognitive tasks (radial maze and analogs, geometry and features) and non-spatial abstract cognitive task (concept formation and categorization, transitive inference) in birds. Because each of tasks have different testing methods they are compared according to method types in separate thematic groups, which are discussed each other. The extension of this thesis on theories derived from human psychology such as self-recognition, episodic-like memory, and theory of mind.
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Visual experince as example and pattern in relation to the expansion and influence into human life
Nohejl, Jiří ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Vojtěchovský, Miroslav (referee)
The main theme of this dissertation is to define an image as a visual experience. The human interaction is described by the author himself as a perception of the image, which serves as an information unit that could be presented as a possibility, example and pattern for the individual. There is an emphasis on the process of perception itself and on the way of interaction of an individual emphasizing the context of social learning and imitation in this text. The analysis of the principles of this interaction leading into introduction of the partial interactive models covering these processes is formed by the essential plane. The structure of the thesis is divided into ten main chapters in which the author tries to introduce a category of perception, a definition of the image and imitation as a tool of cultural transmission, presentation of the units of this transmission, the process of the interaction itself and analogous example of the fundamental role that a person in this interaction holds. There are also three analogies of these roles, which refer to the anthropological universal interaction describing the man as a gatherer and hunter. Their main purpose is to illustrate the form of a human experience better. Finally, there are reflections on the topic above. The possibilities and results, which...
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Image of old age and elderly care Institutions. Representation in daily newspaper Blesk
Stehlíková, Zuzana ; Šmídová, Olga (advisor) ; Trusinová, Romana (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the representation and categorisation of old age and elderly care and their changes in media discourse of daily newspaper Blesk. Theory focuses on definitions of elderly and description of seniors and practices of elderly care in the Czech Republic. It describes changes of old age discourse in connection with the development of social policy and expert knowledge. It describes the concepts of representation and categorisation and their possible impacts in the form of stigmatisation, stereotyping and ageism. It discusses media as resources of symbolic power, ideology and discourse and sets out media representation of elderly. Related empirical part is based on qualitative discourse analysis of articles from Blesk in years 2007 and 2011. It discusses the outcomes with respect to changes of discourse and representation, stereotypes and active old age. It distinguishes three types of senior representation - like normal, stigmatized and active. Thematic distribution and stigmatisation of elderly constructs symbolic subordination of elderly as a population category. Care is described only rarely and isn't offered as the solution of the elderly's frailty.
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Cyber security from the perspective of business entities
Kameníček, Lukáš ; Buchalcevová, Alena (advisor) ; Čermák, Igor (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of cyber security in enterprises. The main objective of this thesis is to compile a comprehensive overview of the issue of cyber security related to the Czech business entities. It is written in the context in Czech language and in less technical form. This thesis first identifies the current cyber threats, supported by examples of actual incidents. On the basis of the threats thesis defines the categories of business entities that are vulnerable to the threats, and with regard to the Czech legal system analyzes cybersecurity responsibilities. Above the legal obligations there are recommended measures and types of security tests that can check the level of cybersecurity. The output is also a methodological tool for better understanding of cyber security in companies which summarize acquired information and context in comprehensive tables. The expected contribution of this thesis is that summarized findings will serve to increase the level of IT security for Czech businesses.
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Database of non-biometric and soft biometric human traits
Mlýnková, Barbora ; Říha, Kamil (referee) ; Dvořák, Pavel (advisor)
This paper is dealing with the detection of secondary biometric and nonbiometric characteristics in the picture, for the use of person identification. These characteristics are described and categorized. It also deals with the design of the database structure, which works with masks and categories of characteristics for their processing. This work might be practically used for machine learning.
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Zoo stavby – architektura jako okno do přírody
Boháč, Ivo
Zoo dnešní podoby je z pohledu architektonického pestrou mozaikou staveb a prvků prakticky v celé typologické škále. Česká republika patří v tomto ohledu k zemím s bohatou historií a velmi rozvinutou sítí současných zoologických zahrad a parků. Přesto neustále chybí ucelený koncepční pohled na danou problematiku, shrnující zkušenosti dosavadního vývoje a vyúsťující do systematického procesu projektové přípravy. Zpracovávaná disertační práce si proto stanovila tyto základní cíle: a) na základě vyhodnocení historického vývoje zoologických zahrad, dosavadních zkušeností a současného stavu řešené problematiky provést systémovou kategorizaci Zoo staveb b) analyzovat základní soudobé principy navrhování Zoo staveb a definovat jejich specifika a vývojové trendy c) vytvořit ucelený dokument sloužící praxi projektanta jako komplexní analytický úvod do dané problematiky d) zajistit vazbu na odborné vysokoškolské studium architekta – specialisty přípravou školních skript a sestavením osnovy volitelného předmětu studia na FA VUT v dané problematice.
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