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The Prague and it's logistic support. Transformation of the city and it's technical networks in the years 1913-1952.
Drnek, Kryštof ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Hájek, Jan (referee)
Kryštof Drnek The City of Prague and it's logistic support. Transformation of the city and it's technical networks in the years 1913-1952 Abstract The Prague's evolution into capitol of the new republic is divided into three stages, split by two wars. The progress of the city begun deep in the era of the Austria-Hungary imperium - in the middle of the 19th century, when the new town council was elected from czech townsman upper classes. It led into the process started with series of construction and administration projects. The city was upgraded with new bridges, railwaystations. On the place of the fortified walls, which were cancelled in the year 1866, shortly after Prussian- Austrian war, was quickly built piles of houses that bound inner Prague with it's suburbs. The administration were trying to connect the Prague's suburbs with the inner city but only few of them this procesess accepted. The foursome of the inner satellites (Žižkov, Karlín, Královské Vinohrady and Smíchov1) this projects declined and until the World War I remained on their own. Building of the logistic sites city underwent from the middle of the 19th century. First two logistic sites, the water supply system and the sewer system, were ancient systems supplying the city from the Middle Age. As the city was growing, the systems weren't...
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The informed consent of a patient
Jurošková, Martina ; Sovová, Olga (advisor) ; Císařová, Dagmar (referee)
The informed Consent of a Patient Informed consent from the patient is one of the most interesting institutes of the medical law. Today it belongs to the basic principles of the medical law, but its development was rather complicated. Initially, this may date to the late 18th century, when the requirements governing the relationship of doctor and patient appear. Over time, the courts handle issues concerning informed consents or patients' non-acceptance. Until the middle of 20th century, almost the whole Europe discovers paternalistic understanding of the relationship doctor and patient. It is on such a concept, when a doctor determines the treatment and the patient is only a subject to the treatment. The doctor has a critical position and the patient must slave his decisions. Change in the concept came after the World War II. Doctor's and patient's relationship slowly begins to change and it becomes closer to a relationship of service providers and clients. In the Czech Republic, a mix of both can be found. Great importance to the informed consent has the adoption of Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with Regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine (Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine) concluded in Oviedo on 4.April 19971 st The institute of...
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Weak Church? One Attempt of Reneval of the Catholic Parishes in Bohemia
Tichý, Radek ; Kabele, Jiří (advisor) ; Lužný, Dušan (referee) ; Nešpor, Zdeněk (referee)
The thesis deals with the process in Roman Catholic dioceses in the Czech Republic, which in the first decade of the new century tried to reform the structure of the parishes and renew their religious life. The data gathered during several years of the field research mainly in the Archdiocese of Prague are interpreted using the sociology of space and sociology of organizational change. The successful reform of the structure of parishes and unsuccessful reform of religious life, intended as a goal of the whole process, is explained as caused by so called operational exhaustion of the Church actors, actual isolation of single hierarchical layers and practical unenforceability of the pastoral decisions. The thesis includes also the discussion about the organizational character of the Catholic Church, about the possibilities of comparison of the Czech and French experience, and about the external and internal secularisation of the Czech catholicism.
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The Forest of Laughs (Xiaolin): mapping the offspring of self-aware literature in ancient China
Baccini, Giulia ; Lomová, Olga (advisor) ; Maršálek, Jakub (referee) ; Paolillo, Maurizio (referee)
Literary history, as established in 20th century China, mostly believed that Confucian conservatism had always oppressed and marginalized practices of "humour" in China.1 This view, formulated in early 20th century when anti-traditionalism prevailed among Chinese intellectuals, regarded entertaining practices as suppressed and suffocated by Confucian moralizing and at that time even the notion of "humour" itself was introduced to China using an English word (humour-youmo ).2 As a result, in sinology until recently the topic of "humour"3 in literature was - with only few exceptions - 4 perceived as marginal to the understanding of ancient Chinese society and culture (as very few works have been published on the topic of Chinese humour, which, though, do not bring valued insights to the topic).5 However, in early sources there are evidences of entertaining practices linked to humour, which can be traced back to Warring States period. The first step toward a reconsideration of the tradition could be due to the findings, particularly from the last decade (referring in particular to Guodian excavation in late 1993), of new textual materials which obliged the scholars to confront with a different reality of texts and thoughts (expressed by the texts) from that they have previously reconstructed. This led to a...
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The Puritan view of death: attitudes toward death and dying in Puritan New England
Holubová, Petra ; Procházka, Martin (advisor) ; Robbins, David Lee (referee)
The Puritan attitude toward death in seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century New England was ambivalent and contained both terror at the possibility of eternal damnation and hope for deliverance. The joyful theme of the migratio ad Dominum resonated with the Saints only at times when they were convinced divine grace was actively working in their lives, but when they saw they were backsliding, the horror of death prevailed. Puritan anxiety about death was caused by tensions inherent in the doctrine of predestination, which implied man's dependence on God's inscrutability, and in the doctrine of assurance, which implied that self-doubt was more desirable than full assurance of salvation. What complicated any verification of the presence of grace was man's endless potential for self-deception. Memento mori gave urgency to the Puritan work ethic and the effective use of time. The anxiety about one's destiny began in early childhood when death and its ensuing horrors for the depraved were used as a means of religious instruction to provoke spiritual precocity and conversion. This early immersion into the discourse about death has been erroneously interpreted as a proof of the non-existence of childhood in Puritan New England. Deathbed scenes depicted in Puritan spiritual biographies were designed as examples...
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The legal regulation of social security in Czechoslovakia before WWII and its legacy for the present time
Kvočáková, Lucia ; Zemanová, Jana (advisor) ; Vysokajová, Margerita (referee)
Social security legislation in times of first Czechoslovak republic and its contribution for the present time The object of this diploma thesis is to inform the reader about development of social legislation in time of the first Czechoslovak Republic and present author's views on contribution of this legislation to present time. The first Czechoslovak Republic was founded after First World War at October 28th 1918. The legislation of this republic was taken from Austria - Hungary monarchy and so was the social legislation. Part of these laws was taken over and then was amended and the other part was newly created but based on previous legislation. According to this fact the very beginning of the thesis discusses social security and organizational structure of social administration in Austria - Hungary, which began to form in the late 19th century. The next chapter deals with laws govern unemployment benefits. After the establishment of the Czechoslovak republic there was the unemployment benefits direct from the state, but in 1925 different law came into force. It was insurance system well known as ghent system. This system meant that unemployment benefits were provided by trade unions only to their unemployed members and in accordance with law state provided financial contributions to these unemployment...
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The contexts of the "aesthetic mentality" of the early avant-garde
Beracková, Dáša ; Vojvodík, Josef (advisor) ; Papoušek, Vladimír (referee) ; Zajac, Peter (referee)
The doctoral thesis The Contexts of the 'Aesthetic Mentality' of the Early Avant-garde takes a close look at the philosophical and aesthetic concepts that formed a paradigmatic change in the art and literature discourse at the beginning of the 20th Century, identified with the birth of the avant-garde aesthetic. With an analysis of the unclear term of Expressionism, traditionally used to describe the character of Czech early avant-garde literature, the thesis refers to contemporary research about the relationship between the avant-gardists and philosophical reflections on the search for an essence of reality. This critique on the fin de sicle spirit at the turn of the century formed a new kind of art and literature discourse where aesthetic strategies were often identified with a philosophical method. In this context an affinity can be seen between Josef Čapek's concept of modernity and the theory of artistic creativity by Wilhelm Worringer, and Karel Čapek's critique on Bergson's concept of life and his liking for Georg Simmels' philosophy of "perspective relativism". The subsequent step to an acceptance of the avant-garde concept is represented by the motif of the "intelligent eye" in J. Čapek's short prose works for the Almanach na rok 1914 (Almanac for 1914). These texts relate to a key topic of the...
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Economic evaluation of the activities of associations for sacral monuments in the area of Mělník – Kokořín
Bursová, Jana ; Kouba, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Malcová, Zuzana (referee)
Religious monuments have been around for centuries as part of the Czech cultural landscape which is co-created and provided the spirit by them. This thesis describes the various types of sacral monuments, specificity of religious buildings and a set of values that are associated with them. The thesis also explains the reasons for their animation, defines the actors, who are involved in the animation process, and presents the sources of funds for the animation activities. Practical work is focused on the area of Mělník and Kokořín. and describes and evaluates six animation projects in important religious monuments in this area that have been restored in recent years. At the end of thesis there are made recommendations for the planned animation of the pilgrimage church in Liběchov based on the findings of work.
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Comparison of wedding traditions in the Christian and Jewish culture
Mikelová, Denisa ; Dvořáková, Markéta (advisor) ; Kubišová, Zuzana (referee)
The work entitled "A Comparison of wedding traditions in the Christian and Jewish culture" means that will be comparing cultural thinking of faithful Jews and Christians. As indicators of cultural norms I have chosen respected and kept wedding customs. On each particuliar indicators I will be searching similarities and differences between the Christian and Jewish social view of the world. Culture and belief interact and support each other. Essential requirements of the faith and rules keeping, determined by religious community, are most clearly manifested in the customs practiced. For me, the preferred customs are these maintained before and during the wedding day. In my work I will therefore comparing above all socio-cultural meaning of marriage and marriage itself, which is in the course of centuries accompanied by more or less stable and unchanging habits. Thesis will be divided into four parts. In the first part I will examine the theoretical exploration of the Jewish wedding, and then in the second part the Christian weddings. In the third part I intend to compare different cultural expressions of religious Jews and Christians. The thesis wil be finished by two kinds od interview conducted with a small sample of randomly selected respondents who attended the wedding as the bride or groom.
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The Thangkas - Tibetian Paintings with a Story
Gyaltso, Lenka ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor) ; Bělka, Luboš (referee)
Thangkas are Tibetan paintings which can be explained in many different points of view. Their meaning is different for Buddhist practitioners, painters, collecters, arts historians or researchers. This thesis should introduce the variaty of perspectives. The composition of the painting is given by the patron, artist or follows the Buddhist sacred scripts. Preparing the base, drawing, using colour pigments, outlining and doing final details belong to the process done by the master himself or partially by his students or monk or layman helpers. For impowering the thangka for the Buddhist praxis is necessary to do a sacrification ceremony by an educated monk. It is a religious and also social event connected with the painting. Thangkas are then used for the visualisation of figures of the Tibetan pantheon, mostly peaceful and wrathful deities. They are used in the monasteries, temples, home shrines or altars, are part of Buddhist ceremonies and festivals shown to the audience hung on the terraces or carried by the monks. Their vivid topics and colours encharme not only monks and lamas but also laymen. The expression differs according to local schools influenced by artists of Kashimiri, Bengali, Nepalese or Chinese origin. Tibetan painting style was probably created in the second half of 15th century...
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