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Objectivity of titles Informační servis and Rudé právo in the period November 1989 - December 1989
Komrska, Jiří ; Osvaldová, Barbora (advisor) ; Köpplová, Barbara (referee) ; Bednařík, Petr (referee)
The Bachelor Thesis "The Objectivity of the News of Informační Servis and Rudé Právo in the Period November 1989 to December 1989 " is devoted to describe the news content of the titles Rudé právo and Informační servis and their objectivity in the period November to December 1989. In particular, the qualitative method of content analysis was applied for the analysis. This is conceived as an interpretative analysis of source texts. The thesis describes the differences between the two titles and, especially, the development that the titles passed during the period under review working with the information and its interpretation. The research part of the thesis is supplemented by the theoretical and methodological parts. Part of the theoretical one is a description of the period and its media situation.
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The limits of Czech journalism in covering the conflict in the Holy land demonstrated on the operation Cast Lead
Jurečková, Anna ; Marjanovič, Teodor (advisor) ; Osvaldová, Barbora (referee)
The bachelor thesis entitled Limits of Czech Journalism in Covering the Conflict in the Holy Land, demonstrated on Operation Cast Lead deals primarily with the issue of the objectivity of Czech journalists and other issues that are connected with war repporting. These limits are shown on a particular conflict - the Gaza wars at the turn of 2008 and 2009, also known as Operation Cast Lead. The first, theoretical part, deals with the characteristics and specifics of the war news and some ethical principles. It further defines the role of the Czech Republic in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and in the last part deals with the history and present of disputes in the Holy Land. In the practical part, it is first described how the methodological procedure was used to fulfill the stated goal. The limits of Czech journalism are illustrated and examined in the case of two Czech journalists who worked as rapporteurs in the Middle East, Jakub Szántó and Břetislav Tureček. The research includes interviews with both and their interpretations and a qualitative analysis of journalists' contributions to the media during Operation Cast Lead, which is finally summed up.
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Regimes of Rationality / Objectivity between Historical Epistemology and Pragmatism
Krejčová, Kateřina ; Švec, Ondřej (advisor) ; Ritter, Martin (referee)
(in English) The aim of the thesis is to introduce selected approaches to genealogy and changes of the concept of "objectivity". While historical epistemology puts this concept into a context of a particular historical period in which it was born and established itself, and therefore perceives "objectivity" as a novelty, pragmatism sees it as a relic of the discourse of Enlightenment and proposes to replace it with solidarity. Both approaches analyse difficulties of uncritical applications of this term in the history of philosophy and "avant la lettre" science and the assumption that objectivity is just a modification and another name of this concept which is a necessary condition of any knowledge. The thesis is based on texts of Lorraine Daston, Peter Galison, Richard Rorty, Thomas S. Kuhn and Perez Zagorin.
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The relation of science and art in Jan Patočka's philosophy
Dvořanová, Natálie ; Ševčík, Miloš (advisor) ; Dadejík, Ondřej (referee)
The objective of this thesis will be an examination of Patočka's understanding of science and art as two possible comprehensions of reality, and their mutual relation. Firstly, I will focus on presenting the position, from which Patočka's ideas come - that is the distinction of two eras - artistic and aesthetic, where the first one shows religious truths and the other one the subjective and individual world of an artist and a work of art. The aesthetical era begins in the 19th century and connects thusly to the scientific and technological period. Science according to Patočka gives us a tool (and a language) to recover objective, but binding truths. It influences all aspects of life, such as social, economical, political, and also the scientific approach to art. However, modern and contemporary art show the subjective and individual truths, but only in the scientific and technological periods. This mutual relation will be the subject of examination. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Manipulation in photography: Techniques of manipulation and their identification
Liprtová, Anna ; Černý, Vladimír (advisor) ; Fišerová, Michaela (referee)
Diploma thesis deals with the manipulation of the photography, especially journalism. To bring the reader into context work starts with the first creation and the history of photography, early examples of manipulation of analog photography and its techniques. The main part focuses on the specifics and characteristics of the digital era in relation to the photographs, handling technology in digital photography and the possibilities of detection. Thesis reflects manipulation of photographs on social networks and the prestigious photographic competitions and the question of objectivity. Considering how it is in the background handling adjustments with confidence in the photo and that picture can be adjusted to detect and effectively to defend against them. Due to the nature of the digital society and a number of factors that the creation and publishing of photographs accompanying the photo we have to think critically and understand its truth value as intersubjective.
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Peridynamic and nonlocal models in continuum mechanics
Pelech, Petr ; Kružík, Martin (advisor) ; Zeman, Jan (referee)
In this work we study peridynamics, a non-local model in continuum me- chanics introduced by Silling (2000). The non-locality is reflected in the fact that points at finite distance exert a force upon each other. If, however, these points are more distant than a characteristic length called horizon, it is customary to assume that they do not interact. We compare peridynamics with elasticity, especially in the limit of small horizon. We restrict ourselves, concerning this vanishing non-locality, to variational formulation of time- independent processes. We compute a Γ-limit for homogeneous and isotropic solid in linear peridynamics. In some cases this Γ-limit coincides with linear elasticity and the Poisson ratio is equal to 1 4. We conclude by clarifying why in some situation the computed Γ-limit can differ from the linear elasticity. 1
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U.S. media before the Iraq invasion. Quantitative analysis of newspaper articles with respect to balance of sources
Navrátilová, Kristýna ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Bečka, Jan (referee)
The role of the media before and during the Iraq war in 2003 in the United States still resonates topic. Journalists are often criticized for failing to fulfill their roles and violations of journalistic standards. This thesis deals with the balance of articles in two national newspapers, The New York Times and The Washington Post, in the period before the invasion of Iraq, specifically from the August 2002 until the invasion on March 19, 2003. The thesis is a quantitative content analysis of the articles from the front pages of these newspapers. The main hypothesis of the research is that, according to criticism that the media received, there should be more sources supportive of the administration of George W. Bush and almost no opposition. The thesis examines, whether journalists followed the norm of balance of sources, or whether is the criticism justified. The result is, that despite the lack of opposition on the domestic political scene, journalist found the opposition sources abroad. Reporting of these two newspapers were, in terms of used sources, balanced.
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The role of media in crisis negotiation with terrorist organizations
Maxová, Barbora ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Novotný, David Jan (referee)
The Bachelor's thesis The role of media in crisis negotiation with terrorist organizations describes the complicated relationship between news media and terrorism. The first part of the thesis explains why media consider terrorism to be an attractive issue for media coverage and why terrorists need media. Furthermore, it defines the elementary principles of journalism ethics, which journalists should follow. The study focuses particularly on cases relating to negotiation with terrorist organizations for hostages' release. It also describes which roles media takes during the negotiation for hostages' release. In this context, the thesis deals with ethical issues concerning spreading terrorist's propaganda via media, censorship by the state of information about national security and terrorism, depiction of violence in media and invasion of victims privacy. In the second part of thesis, theoretical findings about media, journalism ethics and terrorism are applied to beheading videos of American, British and Japanese hostages, which were published by Islamic state in 2014 a 2015. The theses explains in depth, how media influence efforts for the release of Islamic state's hostages. It analyses ethical transgressions, which media committed in case of this issue.
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Selected examples of institutionalized journalistic support (endorsement) before the elections in the Czech Republic after 1989
Leichterová, Jana ; Moravec, Václav (advisor) ; Trunečková, Ludmila (referee)
Author: Jana Leichterová Name of the thesis: Selected examples of institutionalized journalistic support (endorsement) before the elections in the Czech Republic after 1989 Abstract Endorsement as a form of media support for a specific political actor is a traditional part of a media sphere in the United States of America and the United Kingdom, especially in a period preceding important elections. In the Czech Republic, this concept is generally considered to be new. The main aim of this thesis is to establish the concept of endorsement within the context of Czech media. The theoretical part of the thesis is based on the theory of media bias by Denis McQuail and his typology of this concept, supplemented by the current work of John Street, Elizabeth Dwoskin, Bernard Keane and more. The thesis gives a concise idea of the history of endorsement and media support, especially in Europe with a special focus on the territory of the present-day Czech Republic. The second part of the thesis consists of the author's own research. The author examined the media coverage of three elections with the aim of a trend analysis during the time. That is why the elections into the Chamber of Deputies in 1996 and 2006 and the presidential election in 2013 were selected. The research was conducted with a usage of a content...
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Manipulation in photography: techniques for manipulation and their identification
Liprtová, Anna ; Černý, Vladimír (advisor) ; Fišerová, Michaela (referee)
This thesis deals with the manipulation of a photograph. The first part is the theoretical framework, which is used in subsequent chapters by analyzing selected examples primarily reflecting concepts such as authenticity, objectivity, truth value or manipulation. Outside the theoretical framework is mentioned in the introductory parts of the historical evolution of analogue photography which flows into the history of digital photography. In the analytical part of the study we work with selected manipulative techniques (arrangements, retouching, photomontage, digital cloning, exchange heads, manipulation accompanying text or photos without referents) which are applied to individual examples using the theoretical framework from the first part. The study answers to our research questions, namely is it still possible to understand photography as an objective and trustworthy visual medium and is it possible to defend against the visual manipulation? The analysis shows that in the context of industrial practices in the photo and their availability has truth value of photographs as its objective quality not by its nature possible, while research and methods in detecting manipulation are crucial, but the amount of video material is still essential defense against manipulation of critical thinking. Key...
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