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Scintigraphicdetection of the parathyroid tissue in hyperparathyroidism.
Chroustová, Daniela ; Kubinyi, Jozef (advisor) ; Adam, Zdeněk (referee) ; Vlček, Petr (referee)
The aim of this work is the assessment of the diagnostic accuracy in parathyroid glands (PG) detection by various scintigraphic methods and to propose the optimal examination procedure for successful localization of hyperfunctional PG. The patients were divided into 3 groups with individual types of hyperparathyroidism (HPT): group I. primary PHPT (253 patients), group II. normocalcemic NPHPT (75 patients) and group III. secondary SHPT (61 patients). For all the patients protocol A was performed: one day a two-phase SPECT/CT scan using 99mTc-MIBI (technetium 2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile) depicted simultaneously thyroid gland and PG, and another day thyroid SPECT using 99mTc-NaTcO4 (pertechnetate) for 3D subtraction analysis. In case of 44 patients from group I with negative or unclear results of the protocol A also protocol B was performed: PET/CT using 18F-FCH (fluorocholine). The results of surgery and histology served as a "gold standard" for the assessment of the accuracy of scintigraphic findings. In group I. 209/253 patients had a positive finding on scintigraphy using protocol A and 44 patients with an unclear or negative finding of protocol A underwent protocol B examination. In total, 253 patients were operated. The results of the diagnostic accuracy: sensitivity, specificity, positive...
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Optimization of preoperative and surgical treatment of carcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction: The use of PET/CT in the diagnosis and evaluation of the effectiveness of preoperative chemotherapy and the technique of anastomotic construction as a factor of postoperative complications after esophagectomy
Haruštiak, Tomáš ; Stolz, Alan (advisor) ; Šimša, Jaromír (referee) ; Vrba, Radek (referee)
Key words: adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, PET/CT, histopathological response, technique of esophagogastric anastomosis, anastomotic leak, anastomotic stricture Previous studies have shown that preoperative chemotherapy of locally advanced AEG is beneficial only for patients with a good histopathological response, the so-called responders. The aim of the first part of the thesis was to prospectively verify whether positron emission tomography (PET/CT) could be used for early identification of histopathological non- responders, who could be spared ineffective neoadjuvant treatment. Our study did not prove that the early metabolic response, expressed as the percentage change of the consumption of glucosis on PET/CT performed before (PET1) and 12 to 22 days after the start of the first cycle of preoperative chemotherapy (PET2) correlated with the histopathological response in the resection specimen in the entire population of 90 patients. In a post hoc explorative analysis we found the correlation between metabolic and histopathological response in a subgroup of patients with PET2 performed ≤16 days after the start of the therapy, but this hypothesis needs to be prospectively validated. Our study suggests that PET/CT performed after the first...
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Influence of pet dog on child health
Opatrná, Lucie ; Kovaříková, Miroslava (advisor) ; Váchová, Alena (referee)
Vliv psa na zdraví dítěte Lucie Opatrná Abstrakt v AJ This work describes influence of pet dog on child's overall health. Further there is discussed choice of a proper family dog, prevention against injuries caused by the dog and prevention of diseases the pet can transmit. The goal of this work is to determine from a questionnaire, whether a dog has positive impact on child health and what is the awareness of children in the area of communication with a dog. Next, there is proposal of a hobby group, that aims on cooperation of a child and dog.
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Gallium complexes for molecular imaging of bone tissue
Holub, Jan ; Kubíček, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Vojtíšek, Pavel (referee)
Title: Gallium Complexes for Molecular Imaging of Bone Tissue Author: Bc. Jan Holub Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University Supervisor: RNDr. Vojtěch Kubíček, PhD. Supervisor's Email address: kubicek@natur.cuni.cz ABSTRACT This thesis is focused on preparing new ligands for selective complexation of gallium, which might serve as potential radiopharmaceuticals for 68 Ga-PET bone imaging. Two new ligands were prepared, combining 1,4,7-triazacyclonone-1,4-diacetic acid macrocyclic skeleton and bis(phosphonate) pendant arm, bound to the remaining free nitrogen atom on the macrocycle. Macrocyclic skeleton is responsible for high kinetic and thermodynamic stability of the Ga3+ complex and the bis(phosphonate) pendant arm insures selective delivery of the complex to the bone tissue. Both new ligands were fully characterized by NMR and mass spectroscopy. Complexation of Ga3+ was studied by 31 P and 71 Ga NMR spectroscopy. Binding to bone tissue was simulated by adsorption of the complexes to hydroxoapatite. Radiochemical experiments including study of 68 Ga complexation kinetics and basic in-vivo experiments including biodistribution studies and PET examination were done in cooperation with Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz in Germany. Data obtained from these experiments were...
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Low-energy recycling of poly(ethylen terephthalate) waste
Slabá, Jitka ; Beneš, Hynek (advisor) ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis deals with a new low-energy method of chemical recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) using natural oils as reagents and microwave irradiation to accelerate depolymerization. The results of experiments with PET waste and castor oil, when the reaction mixture was heated in microwave reactor, showed that a complete depolymerization of PET chain has occured. Optimal conditions for the depolymerization PET were established: wt. ratio of PET / castor oil = 1 / 9.7, when the molar ratio of ester bonds of PET / hydroxyl groups of castor oil = 1 / 2.7, catalyst : zinc acetate at wt 1% from the PET mass, reaction temperature ranging from 235 to 245řC and the reaction time 60 min. Decomposition experiments also showed, that microwave irradiation accelerated decomposition of PET. Depolymerization reactionin MW reactor was complete at 6x shorter reaction time than the decomposition in the classically heated reactor. The results of analysis showed that the resulting product,the recyclate, was composed of unreacted castor oil and polyol products, that contained partially or fully esterified structural unit of PET, which were ended by ester-linked units of castor oil.
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The role of pet - dog in preadoslescent child's life
Flanderková, Tereza ; Viktorová, Ida (advisor) ; Kadlecová, Eva (referee)
TITLE: The role of pet - dog in preadolescent child's life SUMMARY: This thesis is focused on the relationship between a school-aged child and a dog in his or her family. The theoretical part presents actual findings in history and form of man-dog and child- dog relationship, about breeding the pet-dogs in families and about their potential impact on man and namely on child. In the empirical part the author describes the process and the outcomes of her research in the area of child-dog relationship. Based upon semi-structured interviews with children attending the primary school third class and their drawings analysis, the author aims to clarify children's own perception of their relationships with dogs as well as the role of the dogs in their families. KEYWORDS: Child, Dog, Pet, Family, Relationship
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Assessment of the suitability of PET flakes produced by PETKA CZ, Inc. company for the manufacture of granulates for food purposes
Šudomová, Lucie ; Kučerík, Jiří (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
This thesis deals with the recycling of polyethylene terephthalate and its subsequent processing into the form of a regranulate meeting the parameters required for food use. A brief description of recycling technology, PET flake quality rating and input material contamination is provided. Additionally, legislation regarding recycling for food purposes is discussed and regranulation technologies are described. The suitability of these technologies for processing specific flake samples has been confirmed. In the experimental part, differences in the regranulate samples are compared using DSC and FT-IR. It has been found that there are no major differences between food quality samples. Tests were carried out on 200 PET bottles (bottle, label), on which the input material was divided into 16 groups. Groups that are unsuitable for recycling with this technology was defined. In addition, contaminants of the final product were examined. Their approximate composition was determined and the relationship between the labels of the bottles at the inlet and the impurities at the outlet was found. Appropriate solutions have been proposed to reduce this contamination
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The role of radiologist assistant in radioiodine diagnostics and treatment of thyroid cancer
Hrbek, Jaroslav ; Táborská, Kateřina (referee) ; Vlček, Petr (advisor)
The bachelors thesis on the task of a radiological assistant during radioiodine diagnostics and treatment of thyroid gland carcinomas deals with the issue of thyroid gland carcinomas in the Czech Republic. It contains a brief overview of the types of carcinomas that affect the thyroid gland, their classification, diagnostics and therapy, concentrating on utilisation of modern examination methods and therapeutic practices, including among others application of radioiodine. The thesis also contains cases of four patients with similar diagnoses, the comparison of the development of whose respective illnesses I found interesting. Last but not least, the thesis includes a number of annexes comprising among others tables with important instructions for patients before and after application of radioiodine, and photographs from the site where the radioiodine application takes place Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Polymers and Biologically Active Substances in Aquatic Environments
Kašpar, Otakar ; Beklová, Miroslava (referee) ; Chýlková, Jaromíra (referee) ; Kráčmar, Stanislav (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
To determine the ecotoxicity of analgetics, first the individual ecotoxicity values of individual analgetics are determined and then a mixture of two analgetics is tested. To determine the toxicity, both standard and alternative toxicity tests are used (daphnia magna, sinapsis alba, scenedesmus subspicatum, vibrio fischeri, thamnotoxkit FTM a daphnotoxkit FTM magna). The analgetics being whish tested are the commonly used medicines ibuprofen, ASA, diclofenac and paracetamol, which are the most frequently used medicines in the Czech Republic and whole Europe. To determine the ecotoxicity of the polymers, I‘m using an indirect method of examination, in which I determine the antagonistic or synergistic effects of the mixture of monomers from which the polymer is prepared and into which it slowly decomposes in nature. For the determination both standard and alternative toxicity tests are used. The polymers the toxicity of which is being determined are the habitually used polymer PET and the formaldehyde resine known as bakelite in Eastern Europe.
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The Breeding of Dwarf Rabbits in Flats
Lakomá, Tereza ; Zita, Lukáš (advisor) ; Dokoupilová, Adéla (referee)
Breeding of dwarf rabbits as companion animals suitable to small flats in recent years is becoming more popular in recent years. Pet animal, however, is fully dependant on human activities. It is even more true about rabbits, as they are in many cases kept in the quarters (cages, terrariums, etc.) and is only up to their owners if they allow them to move outside such quarters, how common this will be and how much it will be beneficial for the rabbit (the toys in a room, dark corners for having a rest, cramped spaces simulating dens, the possibility of a sufficient racing). This work deals with a summary of the basic needs of dwarf rabbits through the available scientific and technical literature and valid legislation of the Czech Republic and the subsequent evaluation of the current situation in each of these breeding of rabbits for a wide spectrum of breeders.
In the framework of the questionnaire survey over 350 breeders were addressed and 423 dwarf rabbits recorded. The study included the owners from the general public,
university students and the owners of the patients of the two veterinary departments. The rated factors affecting the quality of life of the rabbit were, among others: the type of quarters, nutrition, the technique of watering, hygiene and diseases. The cause and the age at death of the individual were also surveyed.
The respondents were mostly women (92%), the age of the respondents was most often ranged between 21-30 years (58%), the experience with breeding was less than 5 years (62%). One rabbit was bred (73%), in case of higher number of rabbits the quarters were separated (75%). Another animal in the household was the dog. (44%). Rabbits were under the age of five years (75%), from 1.00 up to 2.00 kg (72%), male was non-castrated (46%), female non-castrated (38%). Unlimited amount of feeding (99.5%) provided by feeding pumps (71%). Nutrition consisted of hay (95%) and succulent fodder (91%). The quarters were the cages with the possibility of racing (55%). A rabbit toilet used 74% of the respondents, 67% used the toys. 76% of the rabbits were vaccinated The most common disease was the diarrhea (12%). The average life expectancy was 5-8 years. The most common cause of death was old age (26%).
The situation in the breeding of dwarf rabbits in the domestic (residential) conditions is satisfactory. The public should be informed in more detail with the dietary needs of dwarf rabbits. Attention should also be paid to the elimination of the occurrence of the disease.
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