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The competitive fight between the industrial enterprise ČKD and Škodovy závody and attempts to solve it in years 1928-1931
Jelínek, Jaroslav ; Jakubec, Ivan (referee) ; Jančík, Drahomír (advisor)
This work deals with the competitive fight between the industrial enterprises Českomoravská - Kolben - Daněk (ČKD) and Škodovy závody in years 1928-1931. It concentrates on the negotiations of the settlement of disputes between the involved parties. This work is divided into two main thematic chapters. The first chapter deals with the origin of the concern ČKD that began in 1871 with the origin of his home enterprise První českomoravské továrny na stroje v Praze, which went on thank to the fusion with the company Elektrotechnická akciová společnost (former Breifeld- Daněk a spol.). Owing to these three fusions the world-famous trademark ČKD arose. The second chapter deals with the competitive fight and with the effort to eliminate it. This chapter contains eight thematic units dealing with the causes and consequences of the competitive fight between the enterprises. Attention is paid to three attempts at agreement in 1929 and 1931. In 1931 the contract on collective production and selling of cars under the collective management of ČKD and Škoda závody was concluded. Both enterprises supposed that the long-time competition has been averted. The above mentioned contract was in the end avoided and the competitive fight became bigger than it used to be before.
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Using computers to test
Bažantová, Zuzana ; Byčkovský, Petr (advisor) ; Škaloudová, Alena (referee) ; Chvál, Martin (referee)
The thesis provided deals with the question of computer based testing. The study contains two main parts: theoretical and empirical. It addresses two problems: what is the state of the art of computers implementation in testing (1), and what is the difference between applying two theories - classical test theory (CTT), and item response theory (IRT) in test construction, and analysis of test scores (2). The second problem has been solved both theoretical and empirical. No doubt, that computer implementation in test administration, construction, score analysis, test forms creating, and adaptive testing is very useful activity. It seems, as well, implementation of IRT in test construction and its score analysis has some advantages in comparison with CTT. On the other hand, mastering IRT is a quite difficult task, and there are strict demands to be fulfilled before IRT could be applied, too. There are principles of adaptive testing described in the study. This topic has not been described in any educational journal till today. Special software for realizing classical item analysis (ITEMAN, LERTAP 5) and for realizing IRT analysis (BILOG-MG) are presented here. To my knowledge comparison of item analysis carried out by methods based on CTT and IRT has not been presented in the Czech Republic. An analysis...
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Near duplicate detection in large document collections
Benčík, Daniel ; Kopecký, Michal (referee) ; Pecina, Pavel (advisor)
This thesis deals with the problematics of detecting documents, which are so similair one to another, that we can consider them to be (nearly) identical and that in collections having up to millions of documents. The greatest aim of this thesis is a comparison of new, fast algorithms designed to solve this task with current algorithms, which due to their complexitiy cannot be used for large collections. The thesis contains an implementation of both new and current methods of solving the given task toghether with applications that are designed to experimentally compare these methods.
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Determination of a crack propagation direction initiated at the bi-material interface
Náhlík, Luboš
The strain energy density distribution in the vicinity of a crack with its tip at the bi-material interface and the generalized strain energy factor is calculated. The crack orientated arbitrarily with respect to the interface and both cases of stress singularities around the crack tip, corresponding to normal and shear modes of loading, are taken into account. The problem is solved by a combination of analytical and numerical calculations. To estimate the crack propagation direction, the generalized strain energy criterion is used. A numerical example is presented.
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Sosyphus - life as the constant problem solving
Hejnová, Kristýna ; Pelcová, Naděžda (referee) ; Funda, Otakar A. (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the topic of: "Sisyphus - life as the constant problem solving : The Sisyphus-topic as the point of contact of two different circles, A. Camus' existentialism and K. R. Popper's critical rationalism". Sisyphus, who was sentenced to never ending and nonsensical work, leads us to Camus' interpretation of the character in his work "The Myth of Sisyphus". The figure of Sisyphus depicts the symbol of human's life for Camus. Life is characterized by the permanently present awareness of death and absurdity of life itself. This absurdity is based on the silence of the world - as a kind of answering the question about the meaning of life. Camus' message remains optimistic. He overcomes the absurdity through affirmation. The active human being with his rebellion is the answer. Popper neither uses the term "absurdity" nor "absurd". Equally he does not work with Sisyphus-Symbol. But we use the term "Popper's sisyphismus" in this thesis which means the following: Popper advocates, in his critical rationalism, that human being is fallible, the human's reason is able to critical thinking and his destructive (his ability to falsify is meant) activity can bring us closer to the truth. The permanent problem-solving will never stop. Camus' existentialism and Popper's critical rationalism are...
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Comparison of Civil and Common law in the area of chosen criminal offences
Vojáček, Jan ; Žák, Květoslav (advisor) ; Spirit, Michal (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the comparison of Criminal law of two dominant legal systems. The goal of this thesis is to disclose a difference between criminal rules of law of Civil and Common law. At the beginning there is an adumbration of historical evolution of both legal systems and also reasons, why both systems evolved differently. Afterwards individual diversities of both legal systems are mentioned, mainly in the area of criminal law. Next part of the thesis is devoted to recent criminal regulations. With regard to its extensiveness, this bachelor thesis deals only with Czech and English criminal law. It also deals with the structure of division of criminal offence and solves the question, whether it is better to codify the criminal law or not. Last part of this thesis is to compare the criminal offences. This part contains six criminal offences, which interfere with many areas of human life, including murder, fraud or blackmail.
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Těžba v Predator-Prey modelu
Chrobok, Viktor ; Lagová, Milada (advisor) ; Kalčevová, Jana (referee)
The paper is focused on the Predator-Prey model modified in the case of harvesting one or both populations. Firstly there is given a short description of the basic model and the sensitivity analysis. The first essential modification is percentage harvesting. This model could be easily converted to the basic one using a substitution. The next modification is constant harvesting. Solving this system requires linearization, which was properly done and brought valuable results applicable even for the basic or the percentage harvesting model. The next chapter describes regulation models, which could be used especially in applying environmental policies. All reasonable regulation models are shown after distinguishing between discrete and continuous harvesting. The last chapter contains an algorithm for maximizing the profit of a harvester using econometrical modelling tools.
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Solution of optimization problems with non-decreasing constraints.
Pavlíček, Ondřej ; Zimmermann, Karel (advisor) ; Palata, Jan (referee)
The content of this work is a presentation of algorithms solving optimization problems with a max-separable objective function of the form f(x) = maxjJ fj (xj), where fj are continuous unimodal functions. The optimization problems are solved under constraints, which are described by a system of (max,+)-linear equations and inequalities with variables occurring on both sides of the constraints. In Chapter 6, a modification of this problem with different variables on each side of the constraints is studied. Chapter 7 deals with problems, in which the constraint coefficients may be infinite. The work is based on results contained in previous publications, in which was shown that if the set of feasible solutions of the optimization problems considered here is nonempty, it has always the greatest element. The algorithms suggested in this work begin with this greatest element and decrease step by step the objective function without leaving the feasible set. The method proceeds in a certain sense by analogy with the method of feasible directions. Proofs of correctness of the algorithms and some results concerning computational complexity, as well as a computer implementation are included in the concluding part of the work.
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Pavilion for Modern Arts
Hýblová, Kateřina ; Štrba, Michal (referee) ; Pilgr, Milan (advisor)
The assignment of my degree work was a proposal of two variants of the steel structure of a modern art exhibition hall. The ground plan dimensions of the structure are 52,5 x 24 m. The whole structure of the two variants is supported by two quadrilateral truss columns and the upper floor level is at a height of 8 m above the ground. The ceiling structure is set by the truss girders. The proposal of two alternative solutions and the assessment of the main structure support elements forms another part of the work. With a winning option then a solution of the selected details, working out of the detailed drawings of the solved joints and the creation of the workshop documentation of the selected parts is supposed.
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