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The long-term changes in migration and movements of Greylag Goose
Podhrazský, Michal ; Musil, Petr (advisor) ; Šťastný, Karel (referee)
8 Abstract PODHRAZSKÝ, M. 2010: The long-term changes in migration and movements of Greylag Goose (Anser anser) in the Czech Republic. MSc thesis. Faculty of Sciences, Charles Univrsity, Prague. Greylag Goose have been ringed in the Czech Republic regularly since 1950. Up to now, 4559 recoveries from 1277 individuals were sampled in 1934 - July 2010. The significant changes in migratory behaviour were found in the last 20 years. Greylag Goose ringed and banded in the Czech Republic skip wintering in Spain, Tunisia and Algeria. There was confirmed north-ward shift in wintering range. Moreover, Atlantic-flyway loses importance for Greylag Goose ringed in the Czech Republic. Spring arrival was recorded early and it was affected by climatic conditions. Nevertheless, also earlier autumn departure of birds ringed in the Czech Republic was confirmed. Hunting scheme (i.e. beginning and closing) of hunting season does not affect migratory distance as well as arrival and departure of Greylag Goose in the Czech Republic. Adult birds arrived early than sub-adult birds, whereas there were no differences in survival rate of those groups. Keywords: Greylag Goose (Anser anser), migration and movements, change in migration, arrival on breeding place, abundance, distribution, survival 1. Úvod Práci o ptačí migraci nelze...
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Contacts and communications at the turn of early and middle bronze age. The hilltop fortified site at Bánov near Uherský Brod
Chmela, Tomáš ; Stuchlík, Jan (referee) ; Bláhová, Zuzana (advisor)
The goal of this work is to provide a new focus on the hilltop fortified settlement in Bánov, near Uherský Brod (eastern part of the Czech republic). On the ground of the research in 1948 we present the material culture and confirm the dating of the location typicaly into classical phase of Maďarovce-Věteřov culture. Besides the typological-chronological analysis of ceramics was also characterized pottery technology. The whole work is based on interdisciplinary approach towards material culture. Thanks to this we could focus on archaeological contact studies. We conducted micropetrographical analysis of wide amount of ceramical artefacts. From the provenance research point of view we provided following: determinded the ceramics made Banov settlement (heavy clay ware and fine ware); proved local production of some vessels of "foreign style". Based on the detailed analysis of imported ceramic material, we provided a model hypothesis about the existance of two basic interaction levels, in which was fortified settlement in Banov naturally engaged. We mean the economical contacts (represented by exchange of goods) and social contacts (represented by gift exchange).
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The Koněprusy Caves: Depositional context of a human skeleton and the first radiocarbon dating
Svoboda, Jiří ; Kuželka, V. ; Vlček, E.
The Koněprusy caves in the Bohemian Karst represent a case of otherwise uninhabited underground system, where Upper Paleolithic human fossils were found in 1961 in a redeposited position, in the upper part or on the surface of a debris cone under vertical chimneys. Due to this situation, and with respect to the general archaeological and palaeontological context, Koněprusy were often compared to the site of Mladeč, Moravia, and the both depositions were intuitively dated to the Early Upper Paleolithic. Recent 14 C datings, however, confirmed an Aurignacian age for Mladeč only, whereas the date for Koněprusy suggets rather a Magdalenian age. New series of samples is actually being prepared in order to confirm this first dating. Finally, this paper discusses the term funeral caves.
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FcεRI and Kit signal to actin cytoskeleton via different pathways
Šimíček, Michal ; Drbal, Karel (referee) ; Dráber, Petr (advisor)
Mast cells are key effector cells of the immune system whose exact physiological functions have been the subject of much debate. They have been mentioned mostly as the drivers of allergic and inflammatory reactions via allergens triggering their high affinity receptors for IgE (FcεRI). However, recent findings implicate their important role also in other innate immune functions like host protection from bacterial and viral infections. Agent recognized by surface receptor initialize various intracellular signaling pathways leading to cell response. Thus, better understanding of signal transduction in mast cells is important in development of new therapeutic approaches. Early phases of mast cell activation mediated by FcεRI and/or Kit, a receptor for stem cell factor (SCF), involve phosphorylation of the transmembrane adaptor protein Non-T cell activation linker (NTAL) and mast cell spreading. Morphological studies of mast cells derived from bone marrow of mice deficient in NTAL (NTAL knock out, NTAL -/-) revealed markedly reduced spreading on fibronectin after stimulation with antigen (Ag) alone or in combination with SCF, when compared to wild type (WT) cells. Subsequent quantification of cell area and analysis of other mophological parameters confirmed these observations. Mast cell activation was...
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Predictive markers for development of clinical status in multiple sclerosis patients.
Horáková, Dana ; Kubala Havrdová, Eva (advisor) ; Vymazal, Josef (referee) ; Ambler, Zdeněk (referee)
Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic neurological disease that, without therapy, causes a serious disability in a substantial number of patients. We are not able to cure the disease yet, but with current repertoire of drugs we are able to significantly influence the inflammatory part of the disease and if patients response to a therapy, we can fundamentally change their prognosis. The treatment must be started early, i. e. in a phase when axons are still preserved, optimally in a clinically isolated syndrome. A great issue at this stage is to properly estimate the prognosis of an individual patient and to choose the right treatment for the right patient. Moreover, after the start of the treatment, it is very important to carefully monitor the patient's treatment response. Among the surrogate markers that are available today, MRI is one of the most utilised in an everyday practice. Our work is trying to find the answer to the question what is the evolution of total and regional brain atrophy and which MRI parameters best reflect clinical status of an MS patient. We analysed 2- and 5-year clinical and MRI data of 181 patients from the original ASA (Avonex-Steroids-Azathioprine) study. In accordance with other papers we confirmed significant brain atrophy already in the early phase of the disease. This total...
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Optimization of Hemodynamics of Trauma Patients in Intensive Care Using Transesophageal Doppler Monitoring
Pradl, Richard ; Chytra, Ivan (advisor) ; Málek, Jiří (referee) ; Šrámek, Vladimír (referee)
Esophageal Doppler was confirmed as a useful non-invasive tool for management of fluid replacement in elective surgery. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of early optimization of intravascular volume using esophageal Doppler on blood lactate levels and organ dysfunction development in comparison with standard hemodynamic management in multiple-trauma patients. This was a randomized controlled trial. Multiple-trauma patients with blood loss of more than 2,000 ml admitted to the intensive care unit (1CU) were randomly assigned to the protocol group with esophageal Doppler monitoring and to the control group. Fluid resuscitation in the Doppler group was guided for the first 12 hours of ICU stay according to the protocol based on data obtained by esophageal Doppler, whereas control patients were managed conventionally. Blood lactate levels and organ dysfunction during ICU stay were evaluated. Eighty patients were randomly assigned to Doppler and 82 patients to control treatment. The Doppler group received more intravenous colloid during the first 12 hours of ICU stay (1,667±426 ml versus 682±322 ml; p < 0,0001), and blood lactate levels in the Doppler group were lower after 12 and 24 hours of treatment than in the control group (2,92±0,54 mmol/1 versus 3,23±0,54 mmol/1 [p = 0,0003] and 1,99±0,44...
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The archeobotanical research of the medieval cesspit in Chrudim
KODÝDKOVÁ, Kateřina
Based on the macro-remains analysis from medieval cesspit in Chrudim, vegetation of urban plots and dietary habits of medieval town were constructed. Approximately 13 000 plant remains belonging to 71 species were identified. A difference in structure of weed vegetation between the High Medieval and the Early Modern sediments was confirmed. High concentration of useful plants outlined the possibility of partial preservation of authentic filling of vessels found in cesspit.
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The culture 2.0. To problems of web 2.0 and cultural aspects of online communication
Brošta, Josef ; Cimbál, Václav (referee) ; Czumalo, Vladimír (advisor)
This graduation theses is focusing principally on the new form of computer mediated communication called web 2.0. In the last decades we have been able to be observers and also participants in the changes that have been caused in our society through the introduction of new technologies of information and communication. In the early nineties, many expectations were generated and great promises were made around the expansion of the ICT. Almost fifteen years later, events have sometimes confirmed this, but many others have toned down or even annulled the initial expectations. The existence of internet has made it possible to change the relations between users and the media and has given rise to the birth of new forms of civic, cultural and political participation. This work analyse the new possibilities and the limits presented by the new forms of organization and participation that are conjectured in a new information society.
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Developmental indicators of reading and writing at the end of preschool age and etnering school: a contribution to the issue of "dyslexia risks"
Kucharská, Anna ; Vágnerová, Marie (advisor) ; Stuchlíková, Iva (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (referee)
This dissertation work is dealing with developmental markers of predictors of reading and writing among the children at the end of preschool age and at the beginning of school entry. Diagnostics of these predictors and intervention can reduce children's difficulties in the process of acquiring reading and writing abilities. First four chapters are theoretical. They describe general concepts of reading and writing. These school abilities are considered in relationship to the literacy development. Psychological nature of reading and writing and developmental predictors of their progress are also discussed. Current trends in early recognition of developmental deficits causing difficulties in acquiring reading and writing are introduced. Test rizika poruch čtení pro rané školáky (Test of risk of reading difficulties of children of early school age) is a method that can help to find children with future reading and writing difficulties and to provoke the need for an early intervention in the school environment. The first aim of the empirical part of this work was to create and standardize this screening method. It was confirmed that this method suits the requirements on diagnostic tools and that it is suitable for examination of the predictors of reading and writing at the time of school beginning. The aim of...
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Yom Kippur war and its impacts on Israeli economics, politics and society
Vágnerová, Jitka ; Tumis, Stanislav (advisor) ; Kovář, Martin (referee)
In my bachelors thesis I would like to aim at not only the analysis of reasons, process and results of Yom Kippur war, but mainly at its impacts on Israeli society, politics and economics.One of the results of foundation of the state of Israel in 1948 was sharpening of tension in the region of the Near and Middle East, which results can be seen to the present days. As very important I find the analysis of political, economical and social development of Israel early after the end of Yom Kippur war, which in fact confirmed the results of Six-Day war from 1967. I find it important because right at that time the tension inside Isreal againts the Arabic world and against Palestinians started to sharpen a lot (e.g. in connection with the settlement politics of Isreal in the occupated territories). Results of the conflict and politics of Isreal after another won war with the Arabic coalition had important impact also on futher political, social and economical development of the Near and Middle East Region.
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