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Working memory in simultaneous interpreting and its capacity
Gabzdilová, Marianna ; Čeňková, Ivana (advisor) ; Rejšková, Jana (referee)
The experimental working memory research in simultaneous interpreting has so far been very limited. There were small number of studies of cognitive processes in simultaneous interpreting. This thesis gives a brief overview of the recent experimental studies in this field and presents the subject of working memory. First part of this thesis shows the largely known theoretical models of working memory, information about its possible developement and its relation towards language. On the basis of the recent theoretical research, we formulated a hypothesis for the empirical part of this thesis. The hypothesis assumes that with interpreting practice there is a developement of working memory capacity and that the language factor becomes less important. In the empirical part of the thesis we described the experiment that had been done to confirm the hypothesis. The experiment consisted of standard listening span task adapted to two language variants, in Czech and in French. Thirty participants took part in this experimental study - 10 professional interpreters, 10 interpreting students and 10 non-interpreters (people without interpreting training and professional interpreting experience). All of the participants had approximately the same language skills in Czech and in French. Czech was the mother tongue of all...
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Engagement of Czech Secondary School Students in Charity Activities
Nejedlá, Monika ; Sedláková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hauptová, Vilma (referee)
The aim of this work is to find out and chart how looks the integration of the Czech secondary-school students to the beneficence in context of the ethical culture at the secondary schools. This work will be focused on the region Mladá Boleslav and the projects Světluška and Píšťalka. The work will be divided into two sections -- theoretical and practical. The theoretical section will contain the questions of the beneficence and two concrete projects, the whole position of the Czech Republic to the beneficence. The practical section will use the question-form method oriented to the secondary-school students. The practical output of this work will be the project - the subject: Ethical Culture at the chosen secondary school.
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Study of biomolecules by Surface-enhanced Raman microspectroscopy
Šimáková, Petra ; Procházka, Marek (advisor) ; Šmejkal, Petr (referee)
This work deals with study of biomolecules using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) microspectroscopy. For that purpose surfaces based on gold and silver colloidal nanoparticles immobilized either by silane or by drying on glass plate were tested. As a model molecule cationic free-base 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin was chosen. The aim was primarily to improve sensitivity and spectral reproducibility of the mentioned SERS-active systems using an integrated Raman microspectrometer which has several advantages (better signal-to-noise ratio, shorter collection time, mapping, confocality) over a classical Raman spectrometer. The obtained results show that gold and silver nanoparticles immobilized by silane give the limits of detection of porphyrin ~ 1×10-8 M, moreover in the intact free-base form. While gold surfaces also show excellent spectral reproducibility, in the case of silver surfaces there is a great problem of frequent presence of spurious bands originating apparently from contamination by carbonaceous compounds and decomposition of silane or porphyrin itself. In the case of silver nanoparticles, drops that form a ring of aggregates with extremely high SERS enhancement after drying on glass proved more suitable.
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Analysis of Various Service Provisioning Practices
Šebesta, Michal ; Voříšek, Jiří (advisor) ; Klíma, František (referee)
The topic of the thesis focuses on the analysis of various service provisioning practices from the view point of a prospect customer organization. Introductory part of the thesis summarizes the actual challenges of IS/ICT for an appropriate business alignment, defines the theoretical foundations of sourcing and ICT services, considering the contemporary state of these fields. Moreover, it identifies the related areas of these fields, like enterprise architecture, IS/ICT management, and systems integration. The central part deals with the identification and analysis of the areas that influence the decision making of ICT service sourcing. Results of this analysis are summarized and further developed by creating a framework to assist companies in deciding the most suited ICT sourcing solution. Within this framework the thesis summarizes important criteria to be considered for a much suited ICT service provisioning practice. It details the prerequisites for the use of this approach and its limitations. Subsequently, it presents an evaluation of certain ICT services within the SaaS market, that could be applicable in the enterprise environment. Finally, the thesis provides a simplified case study, demonstrating a required mindset for exercising the framework in practice.
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Legal conduct of individual forms of business companies
Mahdal, Miroslav ; Zahradníčková, Marie (advisor) ; Plíva, Stanislav (referee)
Legal Act of particular forms of business companies ABSTRACT This thesis goes into integrated problems of legal act of business companies, as in general term - with the outline of philosophical and conceptual aproaches to this subject and with the explanation of basic concepts of legal act and business companies, as especially in term of legal act allowance of business companies in Czech rule of law, with the reference to the upcoming re-codification of private law that will also affect the selected subject. The first part of the thesis introduces the reader into the problem of legal ct of business companies and the reader is equipped with the necessary knowledge of approaches and basic concepts that refer to the given problems, as in term of current Czech rule of law, as in historical and philosophical term, whereby it presents the wider view of the mentioned subject to the reader. The second part of the thesis goes into the legal act of business companies in the Czech rule of law, resp. in general term, when the given problems strike upon all business companies. It explains two basic forms of possible legal act of business companies - resp. the direct act of statutory body and the representation. The Business Code interprets it in its § 13 Par. 1, the second sentence: "The legal person acts by way of...
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Environment and Health
Cypriánová, Eliška ; Marádová, Eva (referee) ; Kovaříková, Miroslava (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the theme of the environment and health in surroundings of Dobříš. It means how the young people spend their leisure time, whether they live a healthy lifestyle and last but not least, how the environmental education is integrated into the teaching process at the primary and secondary schools (gymnasium). This issue is treated in the matter of the centres of the ecological education usage and also centres of the leisure time activities and the follow-up cooperation with them. In the next part of the thesis, there is a survey that finds out how the generations (youth, their parents and grandparents) spend their leisure time and whether they live the healthy lifestyle. Another part of the survey goes in for efficiency of the environmental education integration into education and the follow-up cooperation with pupils. A booklet is made further to the survey. There is an offer of the institutions, associations and centres in surroundings of Dobříš and Příbram that are interesting in this issue, and can be visited as well. The main aim of the booklet is to inform teachers and schools and offer them the opportunity to avail these types of institutions during the lessons about the environment.
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The concept and legal consequence of the excessive use of self-defence
Černovská, Irena ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Herczeg, Jiří (referee)
In my final dissertation, called "The Notion and Legal Consequences of the Transgression of the Limits of Legitimate Defence and Destitution", I am dealing with the problems of legitimate defence and destitution as circumstances excluding illegality. These institutes justify behaviour, which on the one hand formally indicates a crime, but because by means of them a person averts immediate danger or an attack on the interests protected by the criminal law, it is on the other hand acknowledged as socially beneficial, thus not illegal, socially dangerous and therefore not criminal. Institutes corresponding to legitimate self-defence or destitution have been known ever since and currently one can find the confirmation of them in law orders of practically each country all over the world. Legitimate self-defence and destitution may be considered as the so-called common institutes penetrating all rules of law, besides the criminal law they are to be found in the civil law, administrative law (misdemeanours) or the constitution law. The objective of the work is to give an integrated overview of the problem, of which common public has no good knowledge, although such situation, when it is necessary and useful to defend our or somebody else's interests, may happen to anyone of us. The beginning includes a chapter...
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Footbridge across the Labe
Krč, Rostislav ; Romportl, Tomáš (referee) ; Stráský, Jiří (advisor)
The thesis focuses on design of prestressed concrete footbridge which passes pedestrian and bicycle path over the Elbe river near city of Celakovice in the Czech Republic. Three different bridge options were analyzed and for further development a cable-stayed footbridge was chosen. Its bridge deck is formed of a box girder supported by cables in its vertical axis and all cable stays are anchored into two concrete A-shaped pylons. This structure was analyzed in SCIA Engineer and assessment of serviceability limit states and ultimate limit states according to recent European standards (Eurocodes) was made. Both the global structural behavior and the local structural integrity of box cross-section were assessed as well as construction stages and cross-sections of pylons and cable stays. Assessments were performed in IDEA StatiCa combined with hand calculations. Eventually a dynamic response of structure was analyzed. Natural modes and frequencies were found and forced oscillation response was evaluated. The thesis includes technical drawings, construction process and visualization.
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Gas Microsensors Based on Self-Organized 3D Metal-Oxide Nanofilms
Pytlíček, Zdeněk ; Husák, Miroslav (referee) ; Kolařík, Vladimír (referee) ; Prášek, Jan (advisor)
This dissertation concerns the development, fabrication and integration in a gas sensing microdevice of a novel 3-dimensional (3D) nanostructured metal-oxide semiconducting film that effectively merges the benefits of inorganic nanomaterials with the simplicity offered by non-lithographic electrochemistry-based preparation techniques. The film is synthesized via the porous-anodic-alumina-assisted anodizing of an Al/Nb metal bilayer sputter-deposited on a SiO2/Si substrate and is basically composed of a 200 nm thick NbO2 layer holding an array of upright-standing spatially separated Nb2O5 nanocolumns, being 50 nm wide, up to 900 nm long and of 8109 cm2 population density. The nanocolumns work as semiconducting nano-channels, whose resistivity is greatly impacted by the surface and interface reactions. Either Pt or Au patterned electrodes are prepared on the top of the nanocolumn array using an innovative sensor design realized by means of microfabrication technology or via a direct original point electrodeposition technique, followed by selective dissolution of the alumina overlayer. For gas-sensing tests the film is mounted on a standard TO-8 package using the wire-bonding technique. Electrical characterization of the 3D niobium-oxide nanofilm reveals asymmetric electron transport properties due to a Schottky barrier that forms at the Au/Nb2O5 or Pt/Nb2O5 interface. Effects of the active film morphology, structure and composition on the electrical and gas-sensing performance focusing on sensitivity, selectivity, detection limits and response/recovery rates are explored in experimental detection of hydrogen gas and ammonia. The fast and intensive response to H2 confirms the potential of the 3D niobium-oxide nanofilm as highly appropriate active layer for sensing application. A computer-aided microfluidics simulation of gas diffusion in the 3D nanofilm predicts a possibility to substantially improve the gas-sensing performance through the formation of a perforated top electrode, optimizing the film morphology, altering the crystal structure and by introducing certain innovations in the electrode design. Preliminary experiments show that a 3D nanofilm synthesized from an alternative Al/W metal bilayer is another promising candidate for advanced sensor applications. The techniques and materials employed in this work are advantageous for developing technically simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly solutions for practical micro- and nanodevices, where the well-defined nano-channels for charge carriers and surface reactions may bring unprecedented benefits.
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Risk analysis of selected SCI by invasive alien plant species
Janošková, Romana ; Berchová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Martin, Martin (referee)
The issue of spreading invasive plant and animal species is becoming increasingly topical. It is not possible to control the spread of invasive species without appropriate interventions and restrictions. This thesis researches endangering of SCI by selected invasive plant species whose presence was monitored in 2015. An occurrence of invasive plants, depending on the altitude and the area of the invasion in the selected SCI, is compared in this thesis. A suitable proposal limiting the spread of invasive plant species is also considered in this work. Using statistical analyzes the level of threat of the SCI is monitored and also found out whether the protection of habitats that are subjected to protection of the SCI.
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