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Ethical dilemmas in social work from the perspective of a social worker with convicts in prison
VIKOVÁ, Zuzana
The diploma thesis focuses on ethical dilemmas in the work of a social worker with convicts serving a prison sentence from an interdisciplinary perspective. The diploma thesis deals with the importance of ethics in the work of a social worker, defines the subject of ethics, especially the relationship between ethics and morality, and describes basic ethical approaches. The issue is approached not only from an ethical point of view, but also from a psychological and pedagogical point of view in the diploma thesis. The historical development of ethical opinions is captured from the point of view of the main representatives of ethical trends, such as deontology and utilitarianism. The diploma thesis deals with the concept of justice and social justice, with which ethical codes work as one of the basic values of social work. There is defined the social work, its goals, possible divisions, legislative anchoring of the social work and selected theoretical concepts in the next part of the thesis. The aim of the diploma thesis was to reveal specific situations that social worker encounters in prison and considers them to be ethically dilemmatic. The practical goal of the work was to explain how the social worker experiences these situations, what strategies she chooses when managing them and where she looks for sources of support for her decision-making.
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Fundamental questions of clinical ethics with focus on quality and quantity of life
STRÁSKÝ, Marek
This work focuses on basic issues of clinical ethics. These questions mainly concern bioethical principles and the contradictions between them, which are the main topics discussed in the first part. It also discusses the factors that must be taken into account in cases of clinical ethics in order to achieve the stated goal of medical care. In the second part, this work combines knowledge and relevant areas of clinical ethics with social work. Above all, it focuses on two areas of social work: work with elderly and palliative care, in which this connection is most clear. This section also touches on topics of euthanasia, dystanasia, and assisted suicide, which are some of the most discussed topics in clinical ethics. In the third part, this work discusses one of the most significant and current contradictions: the question of balancing the quality and quantity of life, in cases where these two areas contradict each other. Following this, it analyzes the dimensions of quality of life, methods of measuring quality of life and their practical use.
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Negotiations of sales representatives of pharmaceutical companies in the eyes of pharmaceutical assistants.
Hutarová, Edita ; Štegmannová, Ingrid (advisor) ; Trpišovský, Milan (referee)
Ethical behavior is an inseparable part of business life and can have a major impact on corporate culture in business companies and their communication with clients. The aim of this work was to find out how the behavior of sales representatives of pharmaceutical companies in pharmaceutical pharmacies is perceived, to describe the ethical aspects in this field, and then to propose recommendations for adjusting internal rules, values or ethical code in a selected pharmaceutical company. This task was accomplished by carrying out qualitative research to analyze and deeper describe how pharmaceutical assistants in pharmacies perceive the behavior of sales representatives of pharmaceutical companies. In order to eliminate the identified circumstances in this field, the proposed recommendation for the selected company is a thorough knowledge of ethical principles and the incorporation of techniques into the training program of the company that focus on empathy is proposed. In conclusion, adherence to ethical principles and the right corporate culture in the company can be considered crucial in the context of successful cooperation between the sales representative and the pharmacy.
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Using of Restraints in the Geriatrics
Lorencovičová, Eva ; Doskočil, Ondřej (advisor) ; Petr, Tomáš (referee)
In consideration of the demographic trends of our population, it is necessary to deal with the old age problems and problems of geriatric patients. The controversial topic of restraints, especially sensitive in association with old frail people, is closely related. The issue of restraints is defined by law. However, the ethical aspects of their application should also be considered. The theoretical part of this thesis deals with the topic of old age and serious problems of this period of life, including mental disorders. It introduces the field of geriatrics and geriatric patients. In further chapters, this thesis discusses the restraints and ethical issues related to their use. By using qualitative research methods, the empirical part of this thesis surveys the attitudes of healthcare professionals towards this issue. It discusses specific restraints and the reasons for which they are used. The results show that the most important value of healthcare professionals is health and the most respected ethical principle is the principle of beneficence. Key Words: old age, geriatric patient, health risk, restraints, ethical principle
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The Transformation of Czech Radio After the Introduction of Web 2.0
Tichá, Lucie ; Groman, Martin (advisor) ; Nečas, Vlastimil (referee)
The topic of this thesis is the Transformation of Czech Radio after the Introduction of Web 2.0. The research was carried out from the Czech Radio employees (working on both Prague or regional stations) point of view, who have had experience working at Czech Radio before and after the advent of Web 2.0. The subjects of the research questions were: adaptation of employees, the impact of changes on the content of broadcasting and ethical principles and finally, their general consequences on Czech Radio in the digital age. The answers to the presented questions were then explained in the practical part of the thesis by a qualitative research using the method of semi-structured interviews and the method of grounded theory for the subsequent analysis of the collected data. The analysis of the data shows that changes could not have taken place without the employees who set them in motion. Within the changes associated with the new communication environment of Web 2.0, feedback plays a important role. It affects Czech Radio employees who use it to influence changes in content, changes in its presentation and partly on its topics. The adaptation process differed at the level of positions. The position of web editors played an important role in the adaptation of other members.
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The Application of Ethical Principles in the Development of the Health Care System
Válková, Monika ; Holmerová, Iva (advisor) ; Pinc, Zdeněk (referee) ; Jurašková, Božena (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Fakulta humanitních studií Název oboru Filozofie Disertační práce (obor Aplikovaná etika) Uplatňování etického principu při tvorbě zdravotnického systému The Application of Ethical Principles in the Development of the Health System Mgr. Monika Válková Vedoucí práce: Doc. prim. MUDr. Iva Holmerová, Ph.D. Praha 2013 2 Anotace Disertační práce na téma Uplatňování etického principu při tvorbě zdravotnického systému je zaměřena na etické principy, které se promítaly ve vývoji zdravotnického systému v České republice. Solidarita, spravedlnost , rovnost a právo na zdraví jsou základní etické principy uplatňované ve zdravotnických systémech Z historického hlediska je solidarita nejstarším etickým principem , která měla vliv na utváření jednotlivých typů sociálních států v Evropě. Solidarita je zkoumána z pohledu vývoje sociálního zabezpečení v době nemoci a chudoby. Zdravotnický systém v České republice je hodnocen z hlediska uplatňování etických principů v různých etapách společenského uspořádání země od Rakouska Uherska a ž do současnosti. V praktické části disertační práce byly srovnávány s Českou republikou zdravotnické systémy Švédska a Francie dle etických principů solidarita, spravedlnost, rovnost a právo na zdraví Hlavním cílem disertační práce bylo prokázat na základě vybraných...
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Ethical basis for social work with family
Langhammerová, Kamila ; Štica, Petr (advisor) ; Ventura, Václav (referee)
The thesis deals with the ethical principles of multidisciplinary cooperation with family at the case conferences of social and legal protection of children. The objective was to establish the essential ethical criteria for using the partnership approach and paternalism in social work with family on the example of the case conferences of Authority for Social and Legal Protection of Children and submit critical reflection of practice of conferences in light of ethical principles. Keywords Social work, family, ethical principles, multidisciplinary cooperation, case conference, best interest of the child, paternalism, partnership approach
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The casuistry as a tool for a solving of ethically difficult physicians' decisions
Moravec, Martin ; Fošum, Jan (advisor) ; Sládek, Karel (referee)
The casuistical manner of dealing with ethical issues goes as far as to the antiquity, and afterwards it was considerably developed in Christianity. Nevertheless from the half of the 17th century it was criticized because of abusing and due to the supposedly "unscientific" character and subsequently it has been abandoned. The ridiculous criticism of Blaise Pascal in his "Provincial Letters" has presented the casuistry as a way in which it is possible to justify almost any behaviour and this evaluation has remained up to the present day. In the same era the mathematization of natural sciences has led to impressive successes and the similar mathematical exactness was expected also in other fields of the human knowledge. Also ethics was concerned with seeking such abstract general principles, which were supposed to describe, cover and explain the whole field of morality. The value of casuistry was seen only as an illustration of such principles in an individual case. In my diploma thesis I attempted to rehabilitate the casuistry as an ethical method. I discussed the book of American authors Albert R. Johnes and Stephen Toulin "The Abuse of Casuistry" from the year 1988. The presentation of this publication is one of purposes of my thesis. Then I examined the casuistry as an ethical method in cases of...
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Negotiations of sales representatives of pharmaceutical companies in the eyes of pharmaceutical assistants.
Hutarová, Edita ; Štegmannová, Ingrid (advisor) ; Trpišovský, Milan (referee)
Ethical behavior is an inseparable part of business life and can have a major impact on corporate culture in business companies and their communication with clients. The aim of this work was to find out how the behavior of sales representatives of pharmaceutical companies in pharmaceutical pharmacies is perceived, to describe the ethical aspects in this field, and then to propose recommendations for adjusting internal rules, values or ethical code in a selected pharmaceutical company. This task was accomplished by carrying out qualitative research to analyze and deeper describe how pharmaceutical assistants in pharmacies perceive the behavior of sales representatives of pharmaceutical companies. In order to eliminate the identified circumstances in this field, the proposed recommendation for the selected company is a thorough knowledge of ethical principles and the incorporation of techniques into the training program of the company that focus on empathy is proposed. In conclusion, adherence to ethical principles and the right corporate culture in the company can be considered crucial in the context of successful cooperation between the sales representative and the pharmacy.
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